Jose Manuel Tomás Miguel

Análisis del bienestar en la vejez según la edad

Introduccion el objetivo de este trabajo es conocer como el bienestar evoluciona con la edad una vez llegados al periodo de la vejez y si existen cambios en esta variable tan relacionada con la calidad de vida. Material y metodo se aplico a una muestra de 169 personas de mas de 65 anos la Life Satisfaction Index (LSI) y las escalas de bienestar de Ryff; se realizaron regresiones lineales simples y curvilineas para ver su relacion con la edad. Resultados las correlaciones de Pearson mostraron que parece existir una relacion de disminucion, tanto del bienestar como indicador global como de tres de sus dimensiones, con la edad. Por otra parte, la satisfaccion vital muestra como mejor ajuste el cuadratico, lo que indica que, mientras en los primeros anos de la vejez efectivamente hay una disminucion, a partir de los 85 anos se produce un repunte de la satisfaccion vital. Conclusiones el aumento de estrategias adaptativas de caracter acomodativo se presupone como causa del descenso de los indicadores mas propios del bienestar psicologico. Por otra parte, el aumento de la longevidad y su relacion con variables de salud, competencia y relaciones pueden estar generando un aumento de la satisfaccion por las caracteristicas diferenciales de la propia muestra.INTRODUCTION well-being is a key construct for understanding quality of life. The aim of the present study was to analyze how well-being changes in old age and to determine if there are any modifications in this variable during this period. MATERIAL AND METHODS the LIS and EBR scales were applied to a sample of 169 persons aged more than 64 years. Linear and curvilinear regressions were estimated to understand the associations among age, well-being and life satisfaction. RESULTS pearson correlations showed statistically significant negative relations among age and environmental mastery, personal growth, purpose in life, and overall well-being. However, life satisfaction showed a curvilinear, quadratic relation with age, revealing that this dimension decreases in the first few years of old age but increases again after the age of 85 years. CONCLUSIONS the decrease in several well-being factors could be caused by the increase in adaptive accommodation strategies. Increased longevity, together with better health, competence and relationships could potentially explain the increase in life satisfaction among the oldest population.

Relaciones entre variables físicas y de bienestar en la calidad de vida de las personas mayores

De las dimensiones de la calidad de vida -psicologicas, fisicas y sociales-, se analizaron las relaciones entre las dos primeras. Como medida de ABVD se utilizo el Indice de Barthel y, para el bienestar, la LSI-A y las Escalas de Ryff. Se aplicaron a una muestra de 176 jubilados de la provincia de Valencia. Se realizaron correlaciones de Pearson y regresiones jerarquicas, encontrandose relaciones positivas entre el Indice de Barthel y el dominio del ambiente y la satisfaccion general, y negativas con el factor relaciones positivas con otros. Ademas, las variables predictoras del Indice de Barthel son las propias del bienestar subjetivo.

Comparacion del bienestar psicologico de personas mayores dominicanas y espanolas

INTRODUCTION Well-being and its association with distinct factors have played a central role in the arena of psychogerontology research. Given the importance of this topic, the present study examined several factors that could influence well-being among the elderly of two countries. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cross-cultural study was based on a survey of two samples of elderly people, one from the Dominican Republic (N=1,296) and another from Spain (N=476), sampled, respectively, by stratification and quota sampling. Analyses included descriptive statistics, correlations and a multivariate analysis of covariance. RESULTS Overall, sociodemographic factors were found to affect well-being both in the univariate and multivariate analyses. Nevertheless, the effect sizes were, in general, rather low. These effects were basically due to main effects rather than interactions. Age was negatively related to well-being. Marriage was associated with the highest levels of some well-being dimensions. The highest educational levels were also associated with higher levels of some well-being dimensions. The largest effect was due to country, with Dominicans scoring lower on all well-being dimensions, even after statistically controlling for other factors. CONCLUSIONS A main conclusion of this study was that sociodemographic factors did not differentially affect the two countries, given the rather low interaction effects. However, systematic effects were found for sociodemographic factors, independently of country. These effects were analyzed in light of the distinction between subjective and psychological well-being, and the data failed to support the idea of a different profile of results on these two types of well-being dimensions. Finally, given the large effect of country on all well-being dimensions, the relative importance of several sociopolitical and cultural factors was analyzed.

Propiedades psicométricas de la satisfaction with life scale en jóvenes angoleños: análisis factorial confirmatorio y modelo de respuesta graduada

Research about subjective well-being has had an increase during the last decades. Therefore, it is of great interest to have validated measurement instruments in the contexts of use, in order to increase the quality of this. The most used instrument to measure life satisfaction is the “Satisfaction with Life Scale” (SWLS). Thus, the purpose of the present study has been to analyze the psychometric properties of this scale for its use in Angolan young adults. 1,332 people formed the sample, with ages varying from 18 to 30 years, coming from different northern, center and southern Angolan localities. The factorial validation analyzes confirm that the five (5) items that make up the scale conform a unifactorial structure. Internal consistency indexes, as well as nomological validity, again indicate that SWLS is a valid and reliable scale for assessing satisfaction with life. Finally, the item response theory analyzes provide valuable information on the reliability of the measure and on the highly discriminatory nature of the items that compose it. Finally, the theory analysis of the item response provide valuable information on the reliability of the measure and on the discriminatory nature of the items that compose it.