José Marcato Júnior

The expression of neotectonics in the Pantanal da Nhecolândia, State of Mato Grosso do Sul - Brazil

Pantanal da Nhecolândia is one of the most well-preserved areas in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Located in the southern part of the Taquari River megafan, it is in tectonic contact with the fault escarpments of the Maracaju-Campo Grande plateaus to the east and with the fault escarpments of the Bodoquena plateau to the west, which continue to north. To the south and to the north, the limits are marked respectively by the lineaments of the Negro and Taquari Rivers. Nhecolândia is characterized by the existence of at least 17,631 lagoons, 17,050 (96.70 %) of which are of fresh water (baías) and 577 (3.3 %) of salty water (salinas). Studies based on (Landsat) satellite images and use of free software (QGIS, version 2.8.3) and GIS (Geographic Information Systems) revealed that the major axes of the lagoons are aligned along two directions, NE (62.49 %) and NW (37.51 %), with modes concentrated between N30-40E and N30-40W, suggesting in both cases the role played by tectonic control (neotectonics) in their formation. Evidences of fluvial origin are presented for these groups of lagoons, as well as for their tectonic alignment.

Variação da Cobertura do Solo no Pantanal de 2000 a 2015 por Sensoriamento Remoto com Software e Dados Gratuitos

Due to the great environmental importance and the advance of the agro pastoralist activities in Pantanal, the aim of the current study is to analyze the modifications that occurred in the land cover, considered one of the richest areas in biodiversity of the planet. The work is justified on the importance of preserving the Pantanal, since it plays a very important role in the maintenance of such biodiversity. As the livestock is the basis of the local economy, and knowing that it is the activity that most promote deforestation, one should intensify the monitoring to ensure the conservation and predict potential impacts on forest vegetation. Thus, for this work we used TERRA satellite images, MODIS sensor, which are available for free, and also NDVI data (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), MOD13Q1 product, from the same sensor of two distinct years - 2000 and 2015. Such data were analyzed on QGIS 2.8 (QGIS Development Team, 2015) freely available, where through false color multitemporal reclassification, the change in the land cover was verified between the two years. The results show a reduction of 28.8% of the forest vegetation and an increasing of 11.6% of undergrowth (fields or pastures). It is interesting to highlight that it is possible to apply the methodology used in this work elsewhere without financial cost, since there was no need to purchase the images and software.

Aplicação de Técnicas de Processamento Digital de Imagens em Diferentes Sensores Orbitais

Remote sensing is an applied science in various fields of knowledge, which makes its use becoming more widespread. In recent years, the availability of free remote sensing data has also fueled this growth. Thus, the analysis processing techniques to improve the product becomes necessary to use the best way the available data. Targeting this, the aim of this study was to evaluate the application of imaging techniques in different orbital sensors, analyzing delimitation capacity of water bodies. The processing techniques were performed spatial enhancement or image fusion, radiometric and atmospheric correction, processed in 5 different sensors: TM, ETM+, CCD, HRC and OLI. For the analysis of the results were used five water bodies of different proportions. The measurement of water bodies was carried out on all images subsequently being calculated imprecision rate. In two water bodies to some imprecision sensor rate was greater than 100%.