José María Beraza Garmendia

Tipología de las spin-offs en un contexto universitario: una propuesta de clasificación

In the last times a growing emphasis exists in the commercialization of the university investigation, in particular, through the creation of companies (spin-offs). However, the phenomena that the concept of university spinoff is about embracing are not homogeneous. For this reason, it seems convenient to identify the different realities that it includes organizing them by means of typologies. The present work analyzes this question by means of a revision of the existent literature, and it proposes a classification that distinguishes four spin-offs types: independent, linked, joint venture and subsidiary. The three key approaches used to distinguish these four types of university spin-offs are: the implication or not of the investigator as entrepreneur, the nature of the transferred knowledge and the participation of external partners in the new company.

Empleabilidad y formación de inmigrantes

El siguiente texto resume una investigacion que se ha realizado durante los cursos 2006/7 y 2007/8 para analizar la empleabilidad de los inmigrantes en la Union Europea. Para ello, se han llevado a cabo estudios en Espana, Francia y Holanda. El primer objetivo de la investigacion ha sido descubrir las claves que permiten explicar mejor las circunstancias que favorecen un mayor acceso al empleo de los inmigrantes y una mayor continuidad en el mismo. El segundo objetivo, ha consistido en elaborar una serie de recomendaciones para fomentar la empleabilidad de los inmigrantes y una mayor y mejor integracion en la sociedad europea. Nuestro articulo anticipa los resultados del equipo de investigacion espanol. -------------------------------------------------------------------- This text brings together the results of research undertaken during 2006/7 and 2007/8 in order to analyse the employability of immigrants in the European Union. To this end, studies were carried out in Spain, France and the Netherlands. The first goal of the research was to discover a better description of the circumstances favouring access to the labour market for immigrants and their continuity in employment. The second aim was to draw up a series of recommendations to boost employability amongst immigrants as well as greater and better integration into European society. Our article here deals with the results of the Spanish research team.