José Paulo de Souza

ANALISANDO AS RELAÇÕES NA CADEIA DE SUPRIMENTOS ATRAVÉS DA TEORIA DOS CUSTOS DE TRANSAÇÃO

A Teoria dos Custos de Transacao (TCT) pode contribuir na explicacao do funcionamento e das relacoes da Cadeia de Suprimentos. Tendo em vista os aspectos convergentes dessas duas abordagens, este ensaio teorico objetiva compreender como a racionalidade limitada, o oportunismo e a relacao interfirmas, aspectos presentes na TCT, podem influenciar na gestao da cadeia de suprimentos. Alguns indicios demonstram que tanto a racionalidade limitada quanto o oportunismo aumentam conforme se tem um acrescimo de complexidade e incerteza na transacao. O compartilhamento da informacao atua como fator fundamental na reducao desses inconvenientes, contribuindo para que se consiga melhorar a relacao interfirmas e minimizar os custos de transacao. Tambem sao evidenciados os aspectos que podem trazer vantagem competitiva as empresas participantes de uma cadeia de suprimentos, dentre eles, a adocao correta da estrategia de governanca. Palavras-chave: Teoria dos Custos de Transacao; Cadeia de Suprimentos; Racionalidade Limitada; Oportunismo; Relacao Interfirmas. ABSTRACT

NOVA ECONOMIA INSTITUCIONAL: VERTENTES COMPLEMENTARES

The purpose of this article was to understand how the theoretical assumptions of the micro analytical level of New Institutional Economics (NIE), encompassing the Resource-Based View (RBV), the Transaction Cost Economics (TCE), and associated to the Economic Costs Measurement (ECM), might influence the choice of governance structures of companies. The method used was a literature review and descriptive research. Parallel to these theories, the RBV approach was chosen in order to discuss the relationship with the boundaries of the firm, and to identify the complementary aspects between these theoretical issues. The results showed that, when these approaches are considered together, it is evident that the possession and maintenance of strategic resources (VBR) characterizes property rights that need to be protected by legal mechanisms (ECT and ECM), able to minimize their loss of value, and secure property rights. Ultimately, the sustainability of a competitive advantage will be through structures that consider the presence of specific assets (ECT), measurability (ECM), and condition for competitiveness (VBR).

Estruturas de governança e recursos estratégicos: um estudo sobre a capacidade de resposta às leis ambientais em destilarias no estado do Paraná

This paper aims to understand how the structures of governance, settled by strategic resources, may affect responsiveness to environmental laws, the relations of producers and processors, in distilleries of Parana. From a complementary perspective of Transaction Costs Economics (TCE) and Resource Based View (RBV) approaches, a qualitative and descriptive research, with cross-sectional and longitudinal perspective, was conducted. The study involved semi-structured interviews with five managers and agricultural producers engaged in distilleries located in Parana state. Results indicated partnership in the lease form as the most appropriate to optimize the responsiveness to environmental laws, because of the total control obtained regarding the manufacturing process. The farming partnership and supply contract may require more time, because involves the coordination of the relationship of the distillery with its contractors. Complementarity between governance structures (TCE) and strategic resources (RBV), the focus of this study is ratified from the consideration that internal resources and capabilities of distilleries, such as location, distance, knowledge and others influence the choice of more vertically integrated governance structures. These, in turn, are chosen to explore, protect and obtain competitive advantage through the control over those resources.