Joseli Maria da Rocha Nogueira

Anticorpos anti-Leptospira em pacientes de Mato Grosso do Sul com suspeita clínica de dengue ou hepatite viral

In view of the lack of clinical and epidemiological data on human leptospirosis in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, and the possibility of confounding it with other diseases, sera from patients with a preliminary clinical suspicion of dengue or viral hepatitis but without laboratory confirmation were examined by means of microscopic seroagglutination techniques for leptospirosis. The seroreactivity rates among the samples with clinically suspected dengue or viral hepatitis were 15.9% and 9%. The most frequent serovar was Hurstbridge (70.4%) and the serovar with the highest titer was Canicola (1:51,200). No association was found between seropositivity and the patients sex, age or occupation. This study demonstrated that, although the present notifications of leptospirosis cases in Mato Grosso do Sul are negligible, the prevalence of antibodies was high in the groups investigated. Therefore, the hypothesis that there is undernotification of human leptospirosis cases in this State and difficulties in the differential diagnosis between dengue and viral hepatitis should be considered.

Prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in non-human primates of the Macaca mulatta species from a breeding center for use as biomodels

Objective: Campylobacteriosis is one of the major enteric diseases in the world. It occurs not only in humans but also in non-human primates, being thus important in the health monitoring of colonies of animals from scientific breeding grounds. It is caused by bacteria of the genus Campylobacter, whose detection in animal breeding laboratory, allows not only to control the disease and prevent its dissemination, but to ensure the quality of the research that will be carried out on these biomodels. Based on the importance of this isolation, our objective was to verify the health status of a colony of Macaca mulatta, using as reference the presence of Campylobacter spp. Methods: During the annual medical management, 52 fecal swabs were collected from adult non-human primates, representing a percentage of 10% of the total colony. This material was submitted to the sowing / incubation scheme and identification of Campylobacter sp. following the recommendations of microbiological cultivation, including isolation, Gram-test and biochemical tests. The entire process took from 5 to 7 days in microaerophilic atmosphere. Results: Campylobacter were isolated in 14 specimens. Of these, seven were C. coli carriers, six C. jejuni carriers and in one specimen it was not possible to define the Campylobacter species isolated. Conclusion: Despite the low prevalence (27%), these results reinforce the need for constant microbiological monitoring of primates belonging to the colony, aiming at not only the quality of the animals provided, but minimizing the risk of contamination within the colony and of contagion by professionals dealing with animals, since Campylobacter has an important zoonotic potential.

Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of 3,5-Diaryl-1,2,4-oxadiazole Derivatives

This manuscript reports the synthesis of twenty 3,5-diaryl-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives, nine of which are novel compounds. The amidoxime reaction with acyl chlorides obtained from substituted benzoic acids was used. All compounds were tested against five standard (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC)) bacteria: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Screening assays were carried out using agardiffusion technique, in which 100 μM heterocyclic compounds solutions (20% dimethylsulfoxide/ water) were employed. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the active compounds were determined by serial dilutions at decreasing concentrations in microtiter plates. The nitrated derivatives gave the best test results, where MIC = 60 μM (E. coli) was the lowest value found for an ortho-nitrated derivative. The activity of these compounds possibly involves a mechanism via free radicals. S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were resistant to all compounds.

Aspectos populares e científicos do uso de espécies de Eugenia como fitoterápico

The use of the Brazilian biodiversity by the population remains a major source of discovery of new bioactive chemical entities. In this work a literature review is carried out relative to botany characteristics, ethnobotany, pharmacological activity, toxicological and chemical composition of Eugenia species: Eugenia brasiliensis Lam, Eugenia dysenterica DC, Eugenia umbelliflora O. Berg, Eugenia florida DC., Eugenia involucrate DC. and Eugenia uniflora L. This retrospective descriptive study aims to evaluate the biopotential of the species belonging to this gender as well as the advancement in the development of the phytomedicines using these plants.