Joseph Steigman

Infrared determination of the dimerization constants of the chlorinated acetic acids in benzene at 25

Abstract Previous infrared studies of the dimerization of monochloroacetic, dichloroacetic and trichloroacetic acids in benzene did not take into account the appreciable overlapping of the absorption bands of the monomeric and dimeric forms in the oxygen-hydrogen and carbonyl stretching vibrations. When suitable corrections were applied, the following dimerization formation constants were obtained at 25°: 48.4 lM −1 for monochloroacetic acid, 27.1 lM −1 for dichloroacetic acid and 6.7 lM −1 for trichloroacetic acid.

Electrochemistry at anthracene crystal/aqueous NO/sub 2//sup -/, NO/sub 3//sup -/ solution interface

Holes (radical cations) were injected into one face of an anthracene crystal slab and discharged at the other face, which was in contact with a neutral aqueous solution containing 1 M NO/sub 3//sup -/ or NO/sub 2//sup -/. Hole current densities (J) of up to 700 ..mu..A cm/sup -2/ generated a variety of surface oxidation products including anthraquinone, 9-nitroanthracene (9NA), oxanthrone, anthrone, bianthronyl (BA), and 9,10-dinitroanthracene with both NO/sub 3//sup -/ and NO/sub 2//sup -/ solutions. The amount of BA and 9NA increased as J/sup 2/. With increasing NO/sub 3//sup -/ concentration the amount of 9NA produced increased, while that of BA decreased. It was concluded that 9NA is made by cooperation of two holes on adjoining molecules at defect sites.