Josiana A. Vaz

Compounds from wild mushrooms with antitumor potential.

For thousands of years medicine and natural products have been closely linked through the use of traditional medicines and natural poisons. Mushrooms have an established history of use in traditional oriental medicine, where most medicinal mushroom preparations are regarded as a tonic, that is, they have beneficial health effects without known negative side-effects and can be moderately used on a regular basis without harm. Mushrooms comprise a vast and yet largely untapped source of powerful new pharmaceutical products. In particular, and most importantly for modern medicine, they represent an unlimited source of compounds which are modulators of tumour cell growth. Furthermore, they may have potential as functional foods and sources of novel molecules. We will review the compounds with antitumor potential identified so far in mushrooms, including low-molecular-weight (LMW, e.g. quinones, cerebrosides, isoflavones, catechols, amines, triacylglycerols, sesquiterpenes, steroids, organic germanium and selenium) and high-molecular-weight compounds (HMW, e.g. homo and heteroglucans, glycans, glycoproteins, glycopeptides, proteoglycans, proteins and RNA-protein complexes).

Wild mushrooms Clitocybe alexandri and Lepista inversa: In vitro antioxidant activity and growth inhibition of human tumour cell lines

The in vitro antioxidant and growth inhibitory activity of extracts obtained from two Portuguese wild mushrooms (Clitocybe alexandri and Lepista inversa) was studied in human tumour cell lines. The extracts were phenolic (methanolic and ethanolic) and polysaccharidic (boiling water). The antioxidant activity assays included evaluation of radical-scavenging capacity, reducing power and inhibition of lipid peroxidation measured in liposome solutions. Extract-induced cell growth inhibition was measured in four different tumour cell lines (lung, breast, colon and gastric cancer) using the SRB assay. The polysaccharidic extract of L. inversa was the most potent as antioxidant (EC(50)<1.8 ± 0.1mg/ml), while the phenolic ethanolic extract of C. alexandri was the most potent as inhibitor of growth of the studied cancer cell lines (GI(50)<26.0 ± 1.3 μg/ml). Together, these activities indicate that these mushrooms are promising sources of bioactive compounds.

Clitocybe alexandri extract induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a lung cancer cell line: Identification of phenolic acids with cytotoxic potential

Mushrooms are a possible rich source of biologically active compounds with the potential for drug discovery. The aim of this work was to gain further insight into the cytotoxicity mechanism of action of Clitocybe alexandri ethanolic extract against a lung cancer cell line (NCI-H460 cells). The effects on cell cycle profile and levels of apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry, and the effect on the expression levels of proteins related to cellular apoptosis was also investigated by Western blot. The extract was characterised regarding its phenolic composition by HPLC-DAD, and the identified compounds were studied regarding their growth inhibitory activity, by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The effect of individual or combined compounds on viable cell number was also evaluated using the Trypan blue exclusion assay. It was observed that the C. alexandri extract induced an S-phase cell cycle arrest and increased the percentage of apoptotic cells. In addition, treatment with the GI50 concentration (concentration that was able to cause 50% of cell growth inhibition; 24.8μg/ml) for 48h caused an increase in the levels of wt. p53, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). The main components identified in this extract were protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic and cinnamic acids. Cinnamic acid was found to be the most potent compound regarding cell growth inhibition. Nevertheless, it was verified that the concomitant use of the individual compounds provided the strongest decrease in viable cell number. Overall, evidence was found for alterations in cell cycle and apoptosis, involving p53 and caspase-3. Furthermore, our data suggests that the phenolic acids identified in the extract are at least partially responsible for the cytotoxicity induced by this mushroom extract.

Dietary program and physical activity impact on biochemical markers in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review

Objectives Evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of independently or combined dietary and physical activity programs on the blood glucose values and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes, including participants aged 60 years and over. Design Systematic review. Data source PubMed/Medline database, with language restrictions. Papers published between 2010 and 2016 were included. Study selection A total of 30 randomised controlled trials were included that focused on physical activity and dietary interventions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and include participants aged 60 years and over. Results The selected articles have shown that the implementation of physical activity programs (aerobic, resistance, flexibility and combined exercises), and programs based on a higher intake of vegetables, grains, legumes, fruits, unsaturated fatty acids, as well as consumption of foods with low glycaemic index, calorie restriction, intake of probiotics, vitamin D supplementation and educational sessions about diabetes improves blood glucose levels, as well as the lipid profile, in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusions Physical activity and dietary programs are fundamental in the treatment and metabolic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Dietary programme impact on biochemical markers in diabetics: systematic review

Table of contentsS1 Health literacy and health education in adolescenceCatarina Cardoso TomásS2 The effect of a walking program on the quality of life and well-being of people with schizophreniaEmanuel Oliveira, D. Sousa, M. Uba-Chupel, G. Furtado, C. Rocha, A. Teixeira, P. FerreiraS3 Diagnosis and innovative treatments - the way to a better medical practiceCeleste AlvesS4 Simulation-based learning and how it is a high contributionStefan GisinS5 Formative research about acceptability, utilization and promotion of a home fortification programme with micronutrient powders (MNP) in the Autonomous Region of Príncipe, São Tomé and PríncipeElisabete Catarino, Nelma Carvalho, Tiago Coucelo, Luís Bonfim, Carina SilvaS6 Safety culture of the patient: a reflexion about the therapeutic approach on the patient with vocal pathologyDébora FrancoS7 About wine, fortune cookies and patient experienceJesús Alcoba GonzálezO1 The psychological impact on the emergency crews after the disaster event on February 20, 2010Helena G. Jardim, Rita SilvaO2 Musculoskeletal disorders in midwivesCristina L. Baixinho, Mª Helena Presado, Mª Fátima Marques, Mário E. CardosoO3 Negative childhood experiences and fears of compassion: Implications for psychological difficulties in adolescenceMarina Cunha, Joana Mendes, Ana Xavier, Ana Galhardo, Margarida CoutoO4 Optimal age to give the first dose of measles vaccine in PortugalJoão G. Frade, Carla Nunes, João R. Mesquita, Maria S. Nascimento, Guilherme GonçalvesO5 Functional assessment of elderly in primary careConceição Castro, Alice Mártires, Mª João Monteiro, Conceição RainhoO6 Smoking and coronary events in a population of Spanish health-care centre: An observational studyFrancisco P. Caballero, Fatima M. Monago, Jose T. Guerrero, Rocio M. Monago, Africa P. Trigo, Milagros L. Gutierrez, Gemma M. Milanés, Mercedes G. Reina, Ana G. Villanueva, Ana S. Piñero, Isabel R. Aliseda, Francisco B. RamirezO7 Prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in Portuguese musiciansAndrea Ribeiro, Ana Quelhas, Conceição MansoO8 Hip fractures, psychotropic drug consumption and comorbidity in patients of a primary care practice in SpainFrancisco P. Caballero, Jose T. Guerrero, Fatima M. Monago, Rafael B. Santos, Nuria R. Jimenez, Cristina G. Nuñez, Inmaculada R. Gomez, Mª Jose L. Fernandez, Laura A. Marquez, Ana L. Moreno, Mª Jesus Tena Huertas, Francisco B. RamirezO9 The role of self-criticism and shame in social anxiety in a clinical SAD sampleDaniel Seabra, Mª Céu SalvadorO10 Obstruction and infiltration: a proposal of a quality indicatorLuciene Braga, Pedro Parreira, Anabela Salgueiro-Oliveira, Cristina Arreguy-Sena, Bibiana F. Oliveira, Mª Adriana HenriquesO11 Balance and anxiety and depression symptoms in old age peopleJoana Santos, Sara Lebre, Alda MarquesO12 Prevalence of postural changes and risk factors in school children and adolescents in a northern region (Porto)Clarinda Festas, Sandra Rodrigues, Andrea Ribeiro, José LuminiO13 Ischemic stroke vs. haemorrhagic stroke survival rateAna G. FigueiredoO14 Chronobiological factors as responsible for the appearance of locomotor pathology in adolescentsFrancisco J. Hernandez-Martinez, Liliana Campi, Mª Pino Quintana-Montesdeoca, Juan F. Jimenez-Diaz, Bienvenida C. Rodriguez-De-VeraO15 Risk of malnutrition in the elderly of BragançaAlexandra Parente, Mª Augusta Mata, Ana Mª Pereira, Adília Fernandes, Manuel BrásO16 A Lifestyle Educational Programme for primary care diabetic patients: the design of a complex nursing interventionMª Rosário Pinto, Pedro Parreira, Marta L. Basto, Ana C. Rei, Lisete M. MónicoO17 Medication adherence in elderly peopleGilberta Sousa, Clementina Morna, Otília Freitas, Gregório Freitas, Ana Jardim, Rita VasconcelosO18 Hospitalization for cervical cancer of residents in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, 2012 to 2014Lina G. Horta, Roger S. Rosa, Luís F. Kranz, Rita C. Nugem, Mariana S. Siqueira, Ronaldo BordinO19 Oncologic assistance of high complexity: evaluation of regulating accessesRosiane Kniess, Josimari T. LacerdaO20 Perceived barriers for using health care services by the older population as seen by the social sector: findings from the Vila Nova de Gaia Gerontological PlanJoana Guedes, Idalina Machado, Sidalina Almeida, Adriano Zilhão, Helder Alves, Óscar RibeiroO21 Sleep difficulties and depressive symptoms in college studentsAna P. Amaral, Ana Santos, Joana Monteiro, Mª Clara Rocha, Rui CruzO22 Psychopathological symptoms and medication use in higher educationAna P. Amaral, Marina Lourenço, Mª Clara Rocha, Rui CruzO23 Sexually transmitted diseases in higher education institutionsSandra Antunes, Verónica Mendonça, Isabel Andrade, Nádia Osório, Ana Valado, Armando Caseiro, António Gabriel, Anabela C. Martins, Fernando MendesO24 Alcohol consumption and suicide ideation in higher education studentsLídia Cabral, Manuela Ferreira, Amadeu GonçalvesO25 Quality of life in university studentsTatiana D. Luz, Leonardo Luz, Raul MartinsO26 Male and female adolescent antisocial behaviour: characterizing vulnerabilities in a Portuguese sampleAlice Morgado, Maria L. Vale-DiasO27 Risk factors for mental health in higher education students of health sciencesRui Porta-NovaO28 International classification of functioning disability and health as reflexive reasoning in primary attention in healthTânia C. Fleig, Éboni M. Reuter, Miriam B. Froemming, Sabrina L. Guerreiro, Lisiane L. CarvalhoO29 Risk factors and cardiovascular disease in PortalegreDaniel Guedelha, P. Coelho, A. PereiraO30 Health status of the elderly population living in Portalegre historic city centre: A longitudinal studyAntónio Calha, Raul CordeiroO31 Student’s sleep in higher education: sleep quality among students of the IPBAna Gonçalves, Ana Certo, Ana Galvão, Mª Augusta MataO32 Trend in mortality from cervical cancer in the metropolitan area of Florianópolis, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2000 to 2013Aline Welter, Elayne Pereira, Sandra Ribeiro, Marcia KretzerO33 Adherence to treatment in the elderly in an urban environment in SpainJuan-Fernando Jiménez-Díaz, Carla Jiménez-Rodríguez, Francisco-José Hernández-Martínez, Bienvenida-Del-Carmen Rodríguez-De-Vera, Alexandre Marques-RodriguesO34 Beira Baixa Blood Pressure Study (Study PABB)Patrícia Coelho, Tiago Bernardes, Alexandre PereiraO35 Trends in cervical cancer mortality statistics in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, by age group and macro-region, from 2000 to 2013Patrícia Sousa, João G. Filho, Nazare Nazario, Marcia KretzerO36 Sleep problems among Portuguese adolescents: a public health issueOdete Amaral, António Garrido, Nélio Veiga, Carla Nunes, Ana R. Pedro, Carlos PereiraO37 Association between body fat and health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetesAntónio Almeia, Helder M. Fernandes, Carlos Vasconcelos, Nelson Sousa, Victor M. Reis, M. João Monteiro, Romeu MendesO38 Therapy adherence and polypharmacy in non-institutionalized elderly from Amares county, PortugalIsabel C. Pinto, Tânia Pires, João GamaO39 Prevalence of surgical site infection in adults at a hospital unit in the North of PortugalVera Preto, Norberto Silva, Carlos Magalhães, Matilde MartinsO40 Frailty phenotype in old age: implications to interventionMafalda Duarte, Constança Paúl, Ignácio MartínO41 Portuguese women: sexual symptoms in perimenopauseArminda A. PinheiroO42 Predictive ability of the Perinatal Depression Screening and Prevention Tool – preliminary results of the categorical approachSandra Xavier, Julieta Azevedo, Elisabete Bento, Cristiana Marques, Mariana Marques, António Macedo, Ana T. PereiraO43 Aging and muscle strength in patients with type 2 diabetes: cross sectional analysisJosé P. Almeida, António Almeida, Josiane Alves, Nelson Sousa, Francisco Saavedra, Romeu MendesO44 Accessibility of the elderly in the prevention of hypertension in a family health unitAna S. Maia, Michelle T. Oliveira, Anderson R. Sousa, Paulo P. Ferreira, Luci S. Lopes, Eujcely C. SantiagoO45 Community Health screenings and self-reported chronic diseasesSílvia Monteiro, Ângelo Jesus, Armanda Colaço, António Carvalho, Rita P. Silva, Agostinho CruzO46 Evaluation of indoor air quality in KindergartensAna Ferreira, Catarina Marques, João P. Figueiredo, Susana PaixãoO47 Atmospheric exposure to chemical agents under the occupational activity of pathology techniciansAna Ferreira, Carla Lopes, Fernando Moreira, João P. FigueiredoO48 Occupational exposure to air pollutants in night entertainment venues workersAna Ferreira, Diana Ribeiro, Fernando Moreira, João P. Figueiredo, Susana PaixãoO49 Beliefs and attitudes of young people towards breastfeedingTelma Fernandes, Diogo Amado, Jéssica Leal, Marcelo Azevedo, Sónia RamalhoO50 Profiling informal caregivers: surveying needs in the care of the elderlyCatarina Mangas, Jaime Ribeiro, Rita GonçalvesO51 Visual health in teenagersAmélia F Nunes, Ana R. Tuna, Carlos R. Martins, Henriqueta D. ForteO52 Amenable mortality and the geographic accessibility to healthcare in PortugalCláudia Costa, José A. Tenedório, Paula SantanaO53 Bacterial contamination of door handles in a São Paulo See Metropolitan Cathedral public restrooms in BrazilJ. A. Andrade, J. L. Pinto, C. Campofiorito, S. Nunes, A. Carmo, A. Kaliniczenco, B. Alves, F. Mendes, C. Jesus, F. Fonseca, F. GehrkeO54 Adherence of patients to rehabilitation programmesCarlos Albuquerque, Rita Batista, Madalena Cunha, António Madureira, Olivério Ribeiro, Rosa MartinsO55 Prevalence of malnutrition among Portuguese elderly living in nursing homes: preliminary results of the PEN-3S projectTeresa Madeira, Catarina Peixoto-Plácido, Nuno Santos, Osvaldo Santos, Astrid Bergland, Asta Bye, Carla Lopes, Violeta Alarcão, Beatriz Goulão, Nuno Mendonça, Paulo Nicola, João G. ClaraO56 Relation between emotional intelligence and mental illness in health studentsJoão Gomes, Ana Querido, Catarina Tomás, Daniel Carvalho, Marina CordeiroP1 Fall risk factors in people olObjectives: Dietary restraint, the intentional restriction of caloric intake for the purpose of weight loss, is linked to maladaptive eating and lower mental and physical health. This study aimed to validate for the Portuguese population the Dietary Intent Scale (DIS), a measure of dietary restraint. Methods The sample comprised 1077 participants (415 males), aged between 14 and 34 years old. Males presented a mean age of 18.09 (SD=3.32) and a mean BMI of 22.03 (SD=3.28), and females showed a mean age of 17.73 (SD=3.38) and a mean BMI of 21.32 (SD=2.86). No differences were found between genders regarding age. Results A reliability analysis revealed that DIS presented a Cronbach’s alpha of .92 and that three items did not contribute for the scale’s internal consistency. Therefore, and since their content was similar to other items, these three items were excluded. A confirmatory factor analysis revealed the adequacy of the final 6-item DIS, showing good local (SRWs between .64 and .94) and global adjustments (X(8)=12.07, p=.148; CFI=1.00; TLI=1.00; RMSEA=.03, p=.876). Furthermore, the model showed invariance between genders. Finally, DIS revealed a good convergent validity (eating psychopathology, eating restraint, inflexible eating, body image-related experiential avoidance, body imagerelated cognitive fusion, depression, anxiety, and stress) and temporal validity (r = .82) Discussion DIS seems to be a short and valid measure of eating restraint, highly correlated with an important measure of eating psychopathology (EDE-Q). The DIS may represent an advantage in relation to other existing measures, particularly for research and community interventions regarding eating difficulties.Introduction: Continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring provides important information about the cardiovascular system condition. Invasive methods are accurate but denote increased risk. Non-invasive methods are safe but less reliable and don ́t provide continuous information. An alternative approach for a continuous, non-invasive measurement of BP is based on changes in pulse transit time (PTT). PTT is defined as the time delay between the R-wave of the electrocardiogram (ECG) and the peak value of the photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal acquired in the patient finger on the same cardiac cycle.