Jothiramshekar Saranya

Chemical Composition of Leaf Essential Oil of Syzygium densiflorum Wall. ex Wt. & Arn.- A Vulnerable Tree Species

Abstract Syzygium densiflorum is a tree species categorized as a vulnerable species in the IUCN red list of threatened species. Fresh leaf samples of S. densiflorum were collected from a wild tree and essential oil fraction was extracted by hydrodistillation process and the compounds were identified using GC-MS analysis. A total of 84 compounds were identified among which β-maaliene (17.43 %), isoledene (12.46 %), α-gurjunene (10.44 %), β-elemene (9.9 %) and β-vatirenene (8.50 %) were major constituents.

Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity of Leaves of Syzygium benthamianum (Wight ex Duthie) Gamble

Abstract The study was carried out on antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activity of Syzygium benthamianum leaf extract. Chemical compositions of the leaf were analysed using GC/MS technique. A total of 24 compounds were identified among which 4-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)-1-pentyl-Cyclohexene (24.07 %) and Linoleic acid (15.16 %) are the major constituents. Antimicrobial activity of the leaf was observed on six bacterial and three fungal species, whose MIC values ranged from 100 to 500 μg/ml. At higher concentration, the extract exhibits higher scavenging activity (94.7 %) that was comparable with standard BHT. It was also observed that the leaf sample were able to effectively inhibit the growth of Hep 2 cells.

GC-MS Analysis, Antimicrobial, Scavenging Ability and Cytotoxic Activity of Leaves of Syzygium calophyllifolium Walp

The Syzygium calophyllifolium is a large evergreen tree growing in higher altitude in Southern Western Ghats, India. The ethyl acetate extract of leaves contain higher proportions of sesquiterpenoids and triterpenoid compounds that showed effective antimicrobial screening against some of bacterial and fungal strains. The extract showed maximum inhibition zones against Enterococcus faecalis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The extract also showed notable antioxidant activity and at higher concentration scavenged 81.45 % of free radicals. A potent cytotoxicity has been exhibited by the extract, showing increased activity with increasing concentration. The study suggests that leaves of Syzygium calophyllifolium may be a prominent source of several medicinally important natural compounds.

Antimicrobial Activity of Syzygium stocksii (Duthie) Gamble and Syzygium densiflorum Wall. ex Wt. & Arn. leaves

Abstract Leaf extracts of Syzygium stocksii and Syzygium densiflorum were screened for their antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion method. Ethyl acetate extract of these plants were studied using six bacterial strains (Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherishia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and three fungal species (Aspergillus niger, Alternaria alternata and Pencillium chrysogenum). The extracts showed higher activity against pathogenic bacteria whereas the fungal species were more resistant. MICs and MLCs were also determined for the bacterial species.

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Leaf Essential Oil of Syzygium grande (Wight) Walp

Abstract The chemical composition of essential oil obtained from the leaves of Syzygium grande was analyzed using GC-MS. β-caryophyllene (18.38 %) was the major constituent present in the leaf oil followed by 10s,11s-himachala-3(12),4-diene (12.06 %), (+)-aromadendrene (10.51% ), α-caryophyllene (10.22 %) and α- selinene (8.94 %). The antimicrobial activity of the oil was determined and the results showed higher activity against bacteria whereas fungal species were found to be more resistant.

Essential Oil Composition, Antioxidant and Nutritional Properties of Fruit Pericarp of Myristica beddomei King ssp. ustulata de Wilde-An Endangered Tree Species

Abstract The essential oil composition, total phenolic and anthocyanin, antioxidant and nutritional analysis of pericarp of Myristica beddomei ssp. ustulata have been investigated. β-caryophyllene (25.41 %) was identified to be the major constituent of pericarp essential oil. The results revealed that the methanolic extract of pericarp showed higher amount of phenols and polyphenols. The total anthocyanin content was found to be 33.064 mg/100 g. Due to the presence of higher phenolic and anthocyanin compounds, the extract produces higher scavenging ability against radicals. The pericarp was found to be a rich source of nutritional compounds and hence may be used as a functional food. Further exploration in this species, is likely to provide some leads in the direction.

Essential Oil Composition of Leaves of Syzygium makul Gaertn

Abstract Syzygium makul, is a tree species belonging to family Myrtaceae, categorised as vulnerable under the IUCN red list of threatened plant. Fresh leaf samples of Syzygium makul extracted by hydrodistillation process were analyzed for their chemical composition. A total of 72 compounds were identified among which (3-caryophyllene (20.31 %), cis-β-Ocimene (11.23 %), δ-Cadinene (11.02 %), γ-Maaliene (7.68 %) and 4,9-Cadinadiene (6.68 %) are the major constituents.

Dried Bark Essential Oil Composition of Zanthoxylum tetraspermum Wight & Arn

Abstract Essential oil from dried bark of Zanthoxylum tetraspermum was isolated by hydrodistillation and compounds were identified using GC-MS analysis. The major composition of the essential oil was found to be caryophyllene oxide (70.95%), tricyclo[3.2.2.0]nonane-2-carboxylic acid (10.50%) and 2,4a-1H- Benzocycloheptene (5.99%). Sesquiterpenoids (74.81%) compounds are also present in higher composition.

Essential oil Composition of Whole Flowers of Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata and Rhizophora x annamalayana from Pichavaram, India

Abstract The genus Rhizophora belonging to the family Rhizophoraceae are known for their natural interspecific hybrids. The essential oil composition of Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata and Rhizophora x annamalayana were identified using GC-MS analysis. Pentadecyl ester bromoacetic acid (14.72 %), eugenol (26.16 %) and n-tetratriacontane (8.43 %) were found to contribute higher proportion of Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata and Rhizophora x annamalayana respectively. Alkanes and fatty acids were found to be the higher composition in all the three species.

Essential Oil Composition of Leaves and Stem Bark of Cullenia exarillata Robyns (Bombacaceae)

Abstract Cullenia exarillata, belonging to the family Bombacaceae is a canopy tree found in the Western Ghats. The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the leaf and bark was identified using GC-MS analysis. In all, 93 and 72 compounds were identified from leaves and stem bark respectively. The major composition of leaf oil is found to be phytol (18.54 %) and the essential oil from bark by palmitic acid (41.54 %). Cullenia exarillata is a rich source of fatty acid, which makes it an industrially important species. Presence of a higher percentage of terpenoid compounds also makes them an important medicinal plant. The present work is the first report on the exploration of compounds present in the species Cullenia exarillata.