Juan Antonio Cruzado

A longitudinal study on anxiety, depressive and adjustment disorder, suicide ideation and symptoms of emotional distress in patients with cancer undergoing radiotherapy

BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to evaluate the presence of anxiety, depressive and adjustment disorders, suicide ideation, and symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with cancer before (T1), and after radiotherapy (T2) and at the 1-month follow-up (T3). METHODS A longitudinal study on 103 patients with cancer treated as outpatients undergoing radiotherapy was carried out, evaluating them three times (T1-T2-T3) according to DSM-IV criteria with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. RESULTS Prevalence of the depressive disorders was: T1=6.8%, T2=3.9% and T3=3.9%; for anxiety disorders: T1=16.5%, T2=18.4% and T3=16.5%; for adjustment disorder: 10.7%, 5.8% and 7.8%; and for suicide ideation: T1=11.7%, T2=7.8% and T3=7.8%. In all, the presence of disorders was: T1=35%, T2=26.2%0.4% and T3=29.1%. At least one mental disorder was diagnosed in 46.6% of patients in one of the three times of the study. In relation to the symptoms, the prevalence of the possible cases of clinical anxiety was: T1=35.9%, T2=18.4% and T3=22.3%; the prevalence of possible cases of clinical depression was 19.4%, 16.5% and 10.7%, respectively; and the prevalence of emotional distress was 27.2%, 17.5% and 18.4%, respectively. All symptoms decreased significantly from T1 to T2 and from T1 to T3, with moderate effect sizes. No changes were observed between the end of the radiotherapy and the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS High prevalence of mental disorders and symptoms of anxiety, depression and distress were observed in the patients with cancer before finishing radiotherapy treatment and during the follow-up. FUNDING Basurto University Hospital and Basque Foundation for Innovation and Research in Health-BIOEF.

Psychological Treatments to Improve Quality of Life in Cancer Contexts: A Meta-Analysis

This study aimed to analyze the effects of psychological treatments on quality of life among cancer patients and survivors. Additionally, it was explored the moderating influence of some medical- and treatment-related features on these effects. Scientific studies published between 1970 and 2012 were analyzed. Seventy-eight studies were included in a meta-analysis. Concerns related to samples, interventions, and standard of methodological evidence were explored across the studies. A significant overall effect size of psychological interventions was revealed (g = .35). Clinical state and use of adjuvant psychological treatment for managing medical side effects moderated this result (p < .05). Furthermore, a meta-regression model was showed significant (R2 = .30) so as to explain the quality of life change associated with psychological interventions. The psychotherapeutic benefits on depressive symptomatology were included as a moderating factor. To sum up, quality of life is improved by psychological interventions, especially when patients have to cope with medical treatment or with adjustment after the disease is treated. Psychological treatments tend to promote better outcomes when depressive symptomatology is managed. These findings support that providing psychological treatments should be considered as crucial for the patients health in cancer contexts.

La intervención psicológica en mindfulness con pacientes supervivientes de cáncer de mama. Revisión sistemática

Objetive. To assess the effectiveness of psychological interventions in mindfulness with patients surviving breast cancer. Method. We searched the databases: Pubmed, CINAHL and Psycinfo, investigations with interventions in mindfulness to adult patients surviving breast cancer, which included experimental groups and control and monitoring after completing the interventions during the period from January 2011 to October 2017. Results. We obtained 10 investigations with randomized controlled designs and follow-ups that apply the psychological intervention in mindfulness with adult breast cancer survivors. Conclusions. The psychological interventions in mindfulness positively affect the reduction of psychological and physical symptoms of the surviving patients with breast cancer improving their quality of life.

Impacto psicológico del consejo genético valorado por el cuestionario de evaluación multidimensional del impacto de riesgo de cáncer (micra). estudio de las propiedades psicométricas del micra

Objetivos: a) valorar el impacto psicosocial de la realización del test genético. b) Comprobar el efecto de las variables: sexo, diagnóstico oncológico, estar recibiendo tratamiento, ser el primer probando, el tipo de síndrome hereditario: cáncer de mama/ovario (SHCMO) o cáncer de colon (SHCC), resultado del test genético; y tiempo desde la comunicación de resultados. c) Estudiar las propiedades psicométricas y replicar la estructura factorial de la versión castellana del MICRA Método: se evaluó a 122 sujetos que habían realizado test genético en un intervalo de 1 mes a 5 años, mediante el cuestionario de evaluación multidimensional del impacto de riesgo de cáncer (MICRA). Datos de la muestra: 95 mujeres y 27 hombres; media de edad: 50,48 años; con nivel educativo alto; 93 (72,2%) fueron diagnosticados de cáncer; 45 (36,9%) recibían tratamiento oncológico; 89 (73%) consultaban por SHCMO y 33 (27%) por SHCC; 50 (41%) eran negativos para la mutación, 37 (30,3%) positivos y 35 (28,7%) no informativos. La media del tiempo que ha transcurrido desde la comunicación de los resultados: 401 días. Se calculó la consistencia interna del MICRA, se llevó a cabo un análisis de la validez convergente y discriminante de los ítems de Abstract