Juan Hernández Ávila

Study of the Effect of Surface Liquid Flow During Column Flotation of Mining Tailing of the Dos Carlos Dam

During column flotation of mining tailings of the Dos Carlos dam, it was observed that the effect of surface liquid flow (JL) is a variable that determines the rate of rise of packing bubbles and therefore, causes the generation of gas retained within the columnar system. Also overall more stable laminar flows were observed, in a range of superficial flow of liquid in the bottoms stream (JLT) from 0.446 to 0.68 cm/s, showing the stability in the range of superficial gas flow (Jg) from 0.1 to 0.5 cm/s. Observing a uniform bubble size for the three JLT evaluated, with a diameter between 0.05475 and 0.2525 cm, at all the range evaluated of Jg. Furthermore, an uniform performance was obtained, and with the same rate of rise of packing bubbles, showing a greater packing bubbles at JLT = 0.446 cm/s, due to the lesser bubble size observed, in comparison with the values of JLT of 0.68 and 1.017 cm/s.

Caracterización y estudio de la composición de oro presente en la chatarra electrónica.

The growing production and consumption of electrical and electronic equipment due to new and better technologies, generates equipment with a shorter lifespan, consolidating it as the fastest growing waste stream worldwide and generating environmental and human health problems. Despite its potential negative impact, these wastes contain a large quantity of noble metals, based on the fact that each PCI presents 0.1 to 0.5 grams of gold, compared to an extraction of 1 to 5 grams of gold per ton of ore considering the printed circuit boards that make them up, as a commercially viable secondary source of these resources. Due to this, it is necessary to address research regarding the characterization of these materials, identifying gold-rich components; an exhaustive qualitative, quantitative and semiquantitative characterization was carried out by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy in conjunction with Energy Dispersion Microanalysis and Induced Coupling Plasma Spectroscopy finding maximum gold concentrations of 99.4% by weight in pins supported in the processor.

CHARACTERIZATION OF WASTE MOLDING SANDS, FOR THEIR POSSIBLE USE AS BUILDING MATERIAL

It was done a physicochemical and mineralogical characterization of the molding sand wastes of the iron casting process, being these sands the main residue of the process, representing 65 to 85 % of the total waste. According with the obtained results, the chemical composition of the material (expressed in weight percentages) is the following: 77.9 SiO2, 6.6 Al2O3, 8.56 Fe2O3, 0.14 TiO2, 2.48 MgO, 0.34 K2O, 1.52 CaO and 1.03 Na2O. The major mineral phases found were: Albite, Orthoclase, Quartz (anorthic) and Laihunite, and as minority phases were present both the Berlinite and the Montmorillonite. Furthermore the material presented a thick granulometry, around 60% corresponds to a particle size of 53μ m. According to this characterization, these residues could be used in the manufacture of construction materials such as bricks, blocks, or as a cementing material.

Carbonato de Calcio en México. Características geológicas, mineralógicas y aplicaciones

El presente trabajo, presenta una recopilacion de informacion referente a un mineral con demasiada abundancia en el territorio mexicano, pero que de manera general, se desconocen muchas de sus caracteristicas y por consecuencia, usos y aplicaciones alternas. Quiza, el mayor problema en Mexico es la ambiguedad por la falta de especificaciones claras y de regulacion, porque en muchos paises productores de minerales calcicos en sus agencias geologicas se establece las fichas que contienen la diferencia numerica entre mineral marginal y yacimiento susceptible de explotarse; ademas, de especificaciones de sus usos, asi, como su catalogacion y localizacion. Por lo que existen tres vertientes relacionadas entre si, que requieren aplicarles un tratamiento balanceado para un mejor aprovechamiento; la prospeccion, la catalogacion de sus posibles usos, y su produccion. En cuanto a la prospeccion, indudablemente nuestro pais tiene potencial para realizar prospeccion geologica de yacimientos carbonatados; pero el problema principal en Mexico es realizarla de manera acertada, no obstante, que en el pais afloran 80 % de rocas sedimentarias, y de ellas por lo menos la mitad son carbonatadas, y la mayor parte aflora en el oriente de Mexico. En efecto, la historia geologicamente compleja de nuestro pais llevo a la evolucion de diferentes tipos de yacimientos minerales calcicos, ubicados principalmente durante el periodo cretacico que data de hace unos 65 millones de anos. Pero predominan los de origen marino, seguidos por los de origen lacustre, continental, y en algunos casos mixto. Aunque, la mayoria de minerales carbonatados comparten el mismo origen; leves variaciones originaron alteraciones hipo - geneticas, cuyas pequenas mutaciones dieron origen a una gran variedad de minerales carbonatados. Es por ello, que este texto, pretende dar un conocimiento general y en algunos casos, particular sobre los tipos de rocas, caracteristicas, contenidos y aplicaciones en base al contenido de carbonato de calcio.

Preparation of Blocks from Tailings

This work is related with the preparation of block from mining wastes (tailings), since in the mining district of Pachuca — Real del Monte the presence of these residues is a factor considered of high pollution and this type of study allows mitigation of the problem and presents an economically feasible alternative for this purpose. The mineral phases existing in the material are quartz, anorthoclase, orthoclase, albite and berlinite; it was found that the tailings have a particle size of 60 % minor to mesh 270 (53 µm).

Developing Alternative Building Materials from Mining Waste

In this paper we present the production of alternative industrial materials from the mining waste in the form of tailings, this study was made with the tailings of Dos Carlos, establishing 4 sampling zones, dividing them into three strata in the bottom, middle and top. The sampling method used is quartering, to homogenize the material and anticipate the possible use of it as a building material, having for this purpose 12 ceramic mixtures for subsequent treatment. Chemical composition was determined as 70.43% SiO2, 7.032% Al2O3, 2.69% Fe2O3, 0.46% MnO2, 3.98% K2O, 3.34% CaO, 2.50% Na2O, 56 grams per tonne of Ag y 0.6 grams per tonne of Au. In the mineralogical characterization the tailings presents silica, albite, berlinite, orthoclase and potassium jarosite as the main mineral phases, among other mineral phases in lesser concentration such as gypsum, calcite, anorthoclase, pyrite, sphalerite and galena. The determinations of the tailing material granulometry in the range of 60% in a size less than 270 mesh (53 μm). Afterwards, the alternative industrial materials were produced by using the tailings and heavy clay in order to give the composite a good green strength and plasticity during development, but above all to give it a compressive strength similar or higher than that of products derived from conventional processes. Keywords: Tailings, green strength, compressive strength, plasticity, heavy clays, alternative industrial materials.