Juan Manuel García González

Contributions of Cardiovascular Mortality to Spanish Life Expectancy From 1980 to 2009

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES This article describes the contribution of the decrease in cardiovascular mortality to the increase in life expectancy at birth in Spain from 1980 to 2009. We explain the demographic factors underlying the decrease in mortality from cardiovascular diseases at older ages and the effect of this decrease on lifespan. METHODS The contribution of these decreases to Spanish life expectancy at birth was calculated using decomposition methods for life expectancy. We calculated standardized mortality rates by sex and 3 causes of death (cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, and other heart disease) for 3 age groups: 65 to 79 years, 80 to 89 years, and ≥ 90 years. RESULTS From 1980 to 2009, life expectancy at birth in Spain increased by more than 6 years for both sexes. The contribution of the decrease in cardiovascular mortality to the total increase in life expectancy at birth was 63% among women and 53% among men. Among the ≥ 65-year-old age group, this contribution was 93% among women and 87% among men. CONCLUSIONS The decrease in cardiovascular mortality, mainly at older ages, has been the main contributor to increased Spanish life expectancy at birth during the last 3 decades.

BACTERIEMIA POR STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS Y MASA EN LA AURICULA DERECHA EN UN PACIENTE PORTADOR DE UNA VIA CENTRAL

Un paciente heroinomano ingreso por una endoftalmitispor Candida. Se coloco una via centralpermanente para tratamiento ambulatorio. A los3 meses reingreso comprobandose en el cultivo dela punta del cateter y en los hemocultivos seriadosla existencia de Staphylococcus aureus. Medianteeco transtoracico, eco transesofagico y resonanciamagnetica se objetivo la existencia de una masa enla auricula derecha. Se decidio tratamiento antibioticoy seguimiento clinico y ecocardiografico. A las6 semanas, el eco transesofagico revelo una reduccionen el tamano de la masa y el paciente fue dadode alta asintomatico sin tratamiento. Tres mesesdespues continuaba asintomatico y un nuevo ecotransesofagico demostro una reduccion y organizacionde la masa auricular. La evolucion apoya lasospecha clinica de trombo en auricula derechaasociado a via central y bacteriemia por Staphylococcusaureus.

Potencialidad y viabilidades de los procesos de evaluación por pares abierto: el caso de "Encrucijadas. Revista Crítica de Ciencias Sociales"

Evaluation processes of scientific and academic journals have been transformed in recent years due to the increase in both the number of journals and the volume of papers received. Furthermore, the use of Internet has generated a strong openness of science, with more and more open access journals. Editorial teams have had to adapt to this new setting and decide on an evaluation model. In this context, this paper presents the case of the evaluation system of the Spanish journal Encrucijadas. Revista Critica de Ciencias Sociales . This journal proposes an open peer review in which both authors and reviewers are known each other during all the evaluation process. We use a precoded semi-open questionnaire in order to analyze the opinion of both authors and reviewers about this type of evaluation. We conclude that there is an acceptance of the model of review by the two groups, although there are some slight differences by age, sex, and type of contribution.