Judith S. Rose

Ultrasonography of adrenal masses: usual features.

Gray-scale B-scan was successful in delineating adrenal masses in 40 patients, all confirmed pathologically. Two patients with extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas, two calcified cysts, and two patients with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia are demonstrated. The usual ultrasonographic features are presented in this paper; they correlated well with urographic, angiographic, CT, and pathological findings. The smallest mass demonstrated was an aldosteronoma (1.3 cm in size).

Neonatal hypermagnesemia and the meconium-plug syndrome.

THE administration of magnesium sulfate to eclamptic women may be associated with hypermagnesemia in the newborn infant, with the development of respiratory depression, lethargy, flaccidity and hyp...

Ultrasonography of adrenal masses: unusual manifestations.

Forty patients with pathologically-proved adrenal masses, and two patients with extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas, were examined with gray scale B-scan. The authors describe unusual echo patterns of adrenal masses due to necrosis or hemorrhage, variations in the effects of large adrenal masses on surrounding organs and vessels, and the differential diagnosis. The complementary role of computed tomography is also discussed.

Jugular venous ectasia in children. A report of 3 cases and review of the literature.

Three cases of jugular venous ectasia in children were diagnosed preoperatively by selective venography. These rare lesions appear to be congenital dilatations of the veins and should not properly be called aneurysms, as their histological structure is normal. A typical history and complex of physical findings are associated with this entity. It is important to include it in the differential diagnosis of neck masses in children.

Prolonged Jaundice as Presenting Sign of Massive Adrenal Hemorrhage in Newborn: Radiographic Diagnosis by IVP with Total-Body Opacification

Abstract The basis of radiographic diagnosis of massive adrenal hemorrhage in newborn infants with abdominal masses and jaundice should be the high-dose intravenous urogram with total-body opacification. This reveals sharply defined avascular adrenal masses, with or without early calcification, that flatten and shift the kidney. Three cases are presented in which jaundice representing hemolysis within a closed space was the striking clinical finding that led to radiographic studies. Differential diagnoses include renal duplication, usually with ectopic ureteroceles, neonatal neuroblastoma, and the rare Wolmans familial xanthomatosis with adrenal calcification.

Obstructive Urologic Malformations of the Fetus and Infant—Relation to Neonatal Pneumomediastinum and Pneumothorax (Air-Block)

Abstract Nine cases of newborns with pneumothorax and/or pneumomediastinum are presented. In 7 this was associated with Severe fetal urologic malformations; oligohydramnios was sometimes noted and pulmonary hypoplasia Was severe. In 2 patients there was a lag of weeks to months between the neonatal respiratory distress and the detection of urologic problems. This may reflect mild pulmonary hypoplasia with survival. The possible association of oligohydramnios and urologic abnormalities of the fetus to neonatal respiratory distress is discussed. Early urologic evaluation is recommended when “unexplained” respiratory problems are noted at birth.

Intrasplenic foreign body. The use of induced pneumoperitoneum for diagnosis.

Abstract Diagnostic pneumoperitoneum successfully defined the intrasplenic location of a sharp intra-abdominal foreign body. On the basis of this information, splenectomy was recommended and performed.

Tubular Stasis and Ectasia Due to Intrarenal Obstruction

Segmental tubular stasis and ectasia may be early signs of intrarenal obstruction. Case reports of 3 patients are presented. In arriving at a diagnosis, the possibility of significant underlying pathology such as calculi and neoplasm should be considered.