Juha Honkonen

Field theory approach in kinetic reaction: Role of random sources and sinks

In the framework of a field theory model obtained by “second quantization” of a Doi-type master equation, we investigate the effects of random sources and sinks on the reaction kinetics in the master-equation description. We show that random sources and sinks significantly affect the asymptotic behavior of the model and identify two universality classes when describing them using scaling analysis. We compare the results with the Langevin-equation description of the same process.

Field-theoretic technique for irreversible reaction processes

The single-species annihilation reaction A + A → O/ is studied in the presence of random advecting field. In order to determine possible infrared behaviour of the system all stable fixed points are presented to two-loop approximation in double (∈, Δ) expansion with the corresponding regions of stability. The main result of this paper is the calculation of all the renormalization constants and the decay exponent to the second-order precision as well as calculation of scaling function the mean particle number to the first order. Effects of random sources and sinks on reaction kinetics in the master-equation description have been investigated in the framework of a field-theoretic model, obtained by the “second quantization” a la Doi of the corresponding master equation. It has been demonstrated that random sources and sinks have a significant effect on the asymptotic behaviour of the model and two universality classes for their description have been identified by the scaling analysis. Results are compared with the Langevin-equation description of the same process.

Two-loop calculation of anomalous kinetics of the reaction A + A → Ø in randomly stirred fluid

The single-species annihilation reaction A + A → Ø is studied in the presence of a random velocity field generated by the stochastic Navier-Stokes equation. The renormalization group is used to analyze the combined influence of the density and velocity fluctuations on the long-time behavior of the system. The direct effect of velocity fluctuations on the reaction constant appears only from the two-loop order, therefore, all stable fixed points of the renormalization group and their regions of stability are calculated in the two-loop approximation in the two-parameter (ε, Δ) expansion. A renormalized integro-differential equation for the number density is put forward which takes into account the effect of density and velocity fluctuations at next-to-leading order. Solution of this equation in perturbation theory is calculated in a homogeneous system.

Study of anomalous kinetics of the annihilation reaction A + A → Ø

Using the perturbative renormalization group, we study the influence of a random velocity field on the kinetics of the single-species annihilation reaction A + A → Ø at and below its critical dimension dc = 2. We use the second-quantization formalism of Doi to bring the stochastic problem to a field theory form. We investigate the reaction in spaces of dimension d ∼ 2 using a two-parameter expansion in ε and Δ, where ε is the deviation from the Kolmogorov scaling parameter and Δ is the deviation from the space dimension d = 2. We evaluate all the necessary quantities, including fixed points with their regions of stability, up to the second order of the perturbation theory.

Numerical Solution of a Nonlinear Integro-Differential Equation

A discretization algorithm for the numerical solution of a nonlinear integrodifferential equation modeling the temporal variation of the mean number density a (t ) in the single-species annihilation reaction A + A → 0 is discussed. The proposed solution for the two-dimensional case (where the integral entering the equation is divergent) uses regularization and then finite differences for the approximation of the differential operator together with a piecewise linear approximation of a (t ) under the integral. The presented numerical results point to basic features of the behavior of the number density function a(t) and suggest further improvement of the proposed algorithm.

Effect of compressibility on the annihilation process

Using the renormalization group in the perturbation theory, we study the influence of a random velocity field on the kinetics of the single-species annihilation reaction at and below its critical dimension dc = 2. The advecting velocity field is modeled by a Gaussian variable self-similar in space with a finite-radius time correlation (the Antonov-Kraichnan model). We take the effect of the compressibility of the velocity field into account and analyze the model near its critical dimension using a three-parameter expansion in ∈, Δ, and η, where ∈ is the deviation from the Kolmogorov scaling, Δ is the deviation from the (critical) space dimension two, and η is the deviation from the parabolic dispersion law. Depending on the values of these exponents and the compressiblity parameter α, the studied model can exhibit various asymptotic (long-time) regimes corresponding to infrared fixed points of the renormalization group. We summarize the possible regimes and calculate the decay rates for the mean particle number in the leading order of the perturbation theory.

Green functions in stochastic field theory

Functional representations are reviewed for the generating function of Green functions of stochastic problems stated either with the use of the Fokker-Planck equation or the master equation. Both cases are treated in a unified manner based on the operator approach similar to quantum mechanics. Solution of a second-order stochastic differential equation in the framework of stochastic field theory is constructed. Ambiguities in the mathematical formulation of stochastic field theory are discussed. The Schwinger-Keldysh representation is constructed for the Green functions of the stochastic field theory which yields a functional-integral representation with local action but without the explicit functional Jacobi determinant or ghost fields.

Functional methods in stochastic systems

Field-theoretic construction of functional representations of solutions of stochastic differential equations and master equations is reviewed. A generic expression for the generating function of Green functions of stochastic systems is put forward. Relation of ambiguities in stochastic differential equations and in the functional representations is discussed. Ordinary differential equations for expectation values and correlation functions are inferred with the aid of a variational approach.

On the mathematical modelling of the annihilation process

Using field-theoretic approach the reaction process A+A→∅ is studied in the vicinity of space dimension dc =2 by means of the perturbative renormalization group. Dimensional regularization with the use of minimal subtraction scheme is applied and fixed points with corresponding regions of stability are calculated to the two-loop approximation in double (e,

Temperature Green’s functions in Fermi systems: The superconducting phase transition

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