Juhani Heljo

Heat Loss Rate of the Finnish Building Stock

Abstract This paper presents a bottom-up model for studying the heat loss rateof the building stock.The model is a step towards more complex building-stock power modeling,whose goal is topredictthe sources and the amount of demand response potentialunderdifferent conditions. The heat loss rateisthefractionof thermal power needed to compensate for the heat loss via exterior walls, windows, roofs, floors and ventilation in the buildings. The heat loss rate depends on the physical characteristics of the building envelope and ventilation andon weather conditions. We first examine the current state of power and energy modeling. We then describe the research object of this studyand the calculation method. The calculation results presented in the third section are illustrated at the hourly level, sorted by the main source of the heating energy of the building. In addition to the analysis of the building stock level, the heat loss ratewas calculated on a building level using some typicalbuilding information models for validation purposes. The validation indicated that the results obtained with the two methods were consistent and that the order of magnitude was reasonable. The Finnish building stock was used as a research objectin the demonstration of the model.Finally,some further needs for research are discussed.