Juliana M. Juárez

Novel Preparation of Titania-Modified CMK-3 Nanostructured Material as Support for Ir Catalyst Applied in Hydrodenitrogenation of Indole

Iridium catalyst was prepared using a novel titanium oxide-CMK-3 support synthesized as a replica of Ti-SBA-15. The catalyst was applied in the hydrodenitrogenation of indole. The activity was compared with an iridium catalyst supported over a grafted titanium-CMK-3. Structural and textural characterization of the catalysts was performed by means of N2 adsorption, XRD, UV–Vis–DRS, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, TEM and H2 Chemisorption. Ir-Ti-CMK-3 was the most active catalyst for the hydrodenitrogenation reaction at mild conditions. Titanium oxide contained in carbon ordered mesoporous CMK-3 promotes a very good anchorage of iridium metallic clusters in the carbon framework reaching high active site distribution and more stable nanoclusters.Graphical Abstract

Anatase–CMK-3 nanocomposite development for hydrogen uptake and storage

The nanometric carbon CMK-3 modified with TiO2 in anatase phase was synthesized and applied to energy uptake and storage. TiO2 nanoclusters are important for hydrogen energy harvesting. The creation of porous structures or large surface with TiO2 nanoclusters inside can potentially face the challenge of improving their efficiency. In the present work, we report the synthesis and characterization of TiO2–CMK-3 material assembled from anatase nanoparticles dispersed in the nanometric carbon CMK-3. The resulting nanocomposite was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and N2 adsorption–desorption analysis. The newly synthesized hybrid composites exhibited significantly enhanced H2 storage, in which CMK-3-ordered porous carbon modified with anatase nanoclusters proved to be a material for hydrogen uptake. The nanoparticles of anatase (∼5 nm) incorporated onto CMK-3 showed higher hydrogen uptake at low and high pressures (2.9 wt% of H2 sorption at 10 bar and 77 K) than CMK-3. The approach includes a discussion of H2 adsorption process and storage properties.

Nanostructured SBA-15 host applied in ketorolac tromethamine release system

The ordered mesoporous silica SBA-15 has been applied in studies of ketorolac tromethamine adsorption and release. The SBA-15 materials with hexagonal and regular structure were obtained using a triblock copolymer Pluronic P123 as a template and TEOS as a silica source. Ketorolac tromethamine was adsorbed into SBA-15 silica nanochannels using ethanol as solvent. The physicochemical and textural properties of SBA-15 and ketorolac tromethamine/SBA-15 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and BET surface studies. Drug release was evaluated by soaking the loaded silica mesoporous material into a solution of HCl (0.1 N) at initial time (0–2 h) and buffer pH 7 at high times at 37 °C under continuous stirring. Oral commercial Keto tablets (Dolten®) and Keto solution (Keto power) were study for the contrast. Release studies were performed in order to evaluate the required therapeutic efficacy. SBA-15 provides significant improvement in the controlled release of ketorolac tromethamine.Graphical AbstractRelease profile of KETO from SBA-15/KETO and control releases.

Synthesis and Characterization of CMK Porous Carbons Modified with Metals Applied to Hydrogen Uptake and Storage

In this chapter, we have shown that hopeful hydrogen storage material can be obtained by ordered mesoporous carbons (carbons mesostructured from Korea, CMK-1 and CMK-3) and modified with metal/cations species. The pristine CMK-1 and CMK-3 were synthesized by replication using MCM-48 and SBA-15 as hard templates and sucrose as a carbon source. Incorporation of metal species was carried out by wetness impregnation. The mesoporous materials modified were character‐ ized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), RAMAN, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and adsorption/desorption N2 isotherms. Carbon modified with metal/cations shows a better capacity for hydrogen uptake than that of the mesoporous carbons. The evolution of high-pressure hydrogen adsorption measured at 77 K shows that composites can significantly enhance hydrogen adsorption capacity and hydrogen storage performance of carbon materials, proving to be prospective candidates for application in hydrogen storage. The improved activity and the larger performance of composite materials are attributed to improved dispersion of uniform metal/cations nanoparticles as well as to efficient use of the support, which may originate a high-surface area and pore volume, allowing a large dispersion of clusters.

Composites of Polyindole nanowires within Silicate and Aluminosilicate hosts with distinct conductive properties

Nanostructured silicate SBA-15 and aluminosilicate AlSBA-15 were synthesized in order to prepare polyindole composites. The Silica mesoporous materials were prepared by sol- gel method and alumination using post-synthesis technique and analysed by different methods (XRD, BET, TEM, and FTIR). Polyindole/host composites were prepared by in situ oxidative polymerization of pre-adsorbed indole, employing Cl3Fe as oxidant. TG, FTIR, BET, XRD, SEM and TEM were used to characterize the resulting composites. These studies show that the porous structures of the materials are preserved after polymerization, and polyindole is found within the porous channels. The composites have an electrical conductivity range between values higher than those of the pure chemically synthesized polyindole, close to those of the pure electrochemically synthesized polymer and lower than those of the pure chemically synthesized polymer, in the order of 10-8 S/cm.