Juliano Lino Ferreira

Melhoramento do feijoeiro comum com grão tipo carioca, visando resistência à antracnose e à mancha angular

Aiming to select common bean lines with high grain yield, Carioca grain type, upright plant habit and resistant to anthracnose and angular leaf spot, 143 lines were selected from three families of the cross F1:4RC2 {[(G2333 X ESAL 696) X ESAL 696] X CI 140}. The promising lines were selected based on the agronomical traits in four field experiments, set up in three places in Southern MG State using the square lattice design. The reaction of each line to the anthracnose was evaluated by inoculating the seedlings using the races 1545 and 2047, and kept in humid chamber during three days, and then moved to greenhouse with sprinkle irrigation every four hours. Four lines with high grain yield, upright plant habit, Carioca grain type, and resistance to angular leaf spot (score up to 4) were selected. Among them one of the lines has the Co-42 allele for anthracnose resistance, two lines have the Co-7 allele, and the last one, although susceptible do anthracnose, presented the highest grain yield and angular leaf spot resistance (score 3,97).

Quantificação de açúcares solúveis totais, açúcares redutores e amido nos grãos verdes de cultivares de milho na colheita

O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar os teores de acucares soluveis totais (AST), acucares redutores (AR) e amido em nove cultivares de milho colhidos no estadio verde, uma vez que estes influenciam diretamente o sabor, o aroma e a aceitacao do consumidor. O experimento foi conduzido em Ponte Nova, MG, no ano agricola 2002/2003. Para a determinacao das caracteristicas, foi retirada uma amostra de tres espigas de cada unidade experimental. O ponto de colheita foi identificado por metodo empirico, quando o estilo-estigma se desprendia da espiga com facilidade. As cultivares apresentaram umidades diferentes no momento da colheita, variando de 56 a 64%. Nao foi detectada diferenca entre as cultivares quanto aos teores de AR, porem, P3232 e AG4051 apresentaram boa relacao entre AR e AST, destacando-se para esta finalidade.

Outcrossing rate in olive assessed by microsatellite and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers

Olive is known to be an allogamous species. The aim of this study was to estimate the magnitude of cross-pollination rate using microsatellite simple sequence repeats (SSR) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) molecular markers in olive genotypes. The DNA from maternal plants and 23 progenies of two different accessions, Ascolano USA and MGS GRAP541 were extracted and screened with two microsatellite and ten ISSR markers. The outcrossing rate and other related parameters were analyzed using the MLTR application. The set of estimates, individually and collectively, support the hypothesis of frequent allogamy in both olive genotypes evaluated, with high rates of outcrossing in both markers. Keywords: Olea europaea L., outcrossing rate, zygotic embryos, mating system, molecular markers

Biosafety and Detection of Genetically Modified Organisms

Transgenic organisms, or GMOs, are organisms in which genetic material has been altered by recombinant DNA technology. Biotechnology allows the insertion of one or more genes into the genome of an organism from a different organism or species (e.g., animals, plants, viruses, bacteria); the expression of the introduced gene results in a new feature in the phenotype of the modified organism. A shortened definition of genes is that they are DNA sequences that contain the necessary information to affect phenotypic expression in an organism, such as the shape of a seed or resistance to a specific pest. The information encoded by the gene is expressed through two principal steps: transcription, in which the coding region of the DNA is copied into single-stranded RNA; and translation, in which the amino acid sequence encoded by mRNA is assembled and translated into protein. Thus, for the creation of a GMO, it is necessary to introduce the gene responsible for a particular trait into the genome of the target organism through recombinant DNA techniques.