Julieta Teresa Aier de Oliveira

Uma tipologia dos estabelecimentos agropecuários do Brasil a partir do censo de 2006

A classification of farms in four types is proposed, according to the composition of the labour force employed: exclusively family farm; land reform settlement (“assentado”); family farm with hired labour; non-family farm. Exclusively family farms are run by the owner and employ exclusively family labour; land reform settlements are also mostly family-run units; mixed family farms are run by the owner and employ predominantly family labour, complemented by hired labour; non-family farms depend mostly on hired labour, with or without the help of the owner’s family. Aspects such as area, gross production value, productivity and revenues are analysed. One of the main results is that the family units are largely predominant in number (90% of the total) and employ 80% of the labour force in the agricultural sector, although they contribute with only 50% of the gross production, in virtue of lower productivity. Inequality in land distribution within the groups is extremely high, even among family farms. In Brazil, only 16% of the total inequality of land distribution is due to the inequality between the four categories of farms, while 84% originate from the inequality within groups.

A extensão rural na perspectiva de agricultores assentados do Pontal do Paranapanema - SP

The policy of SA£o Paulo State Government rural settlements, conducted by the Itesp Foundation, has its own technical assistance and rural extension service, brainstormed to attend its public specific demands. This article seeks to check if Itesp’s rural extension program satisfies its settled beneficiaries and if social-economic characteristics interfere in this individual judgment. The research was drawn at Santa Rosa and Rancho Grande settlements, Holy Rose and Big Ranch, respectively, both located at Paranapanema Pontal – SP, Unfortunate River Branch, according to native language. At first interviews concerning quality were conducted amongst settlers, selected intentionally to obtain evaluation parameters of ATER’s service. Elaborated with these results, a direct and objective questionnaire was applied to a larger random sample, from which individual appreciations were attained. The statistical analysis of multiple correspondences, followed by ascendant hierarchic classification, indicated the existence of seven homogenous settler groups, demonstrating the influence of social-economic traits in individual ratings. The existence of settlers both satisfied and unsatisfied with ATER’s service was noticed, which demands more flexible approaches by the Foundation towards divergent beneficiaries.

Colheita de cana-de-açúcar com auxílio mecânico

Civil society and sugarcane farmer demands indicate that harvesting technology has enough limitations to jeopardize production in large sugar cane producing areas. This work analyses the current mechanical harvesting compared to a semi-mechanical harvesting proposal, on the bases of eleven characteristics considered determinant for a quick spreading of green cane harvesting on hilly areas, with lower impact on agricultural labor and farmers investment capacity.

Work organization and technological resources in broiler production: an ergonomics approach

Ergonomic Work Analysis has made it possible to identify the main factors behind the difficulties encountered by workers in (routinely) performing their tasks. The purpose of this work was studying the relationship between the forms of work organization, the technology used in broiler production, and the impacts of both factors on this type of work from an ergonomics perspective. Both teamwork and cooperation among workers were proven to help minimizing efforts and achieving better results. If on one hand higher technological level adopted could elicit using a smaller number of workers as well as make broiler handling easier and more effective/precise, on the other hand it generated sub-tasks and made equipment operation much more dependent upon close supervision by the workers. So at the same time as the physical stress on the workers was being reduced with lighter load being carried, psychic stress was being increased with the pressure of close supervision. The analysis of production results expressed by the Production Factor (PF) indicator used in an advanced trend analysis using the Technology Utility tool, has shown that properties with a totally or partly familial workforce achieved better production results than those using a patronal workforce, possibly resulting from the fact that workers within a family-based workforce have more autonomy and, therefore, become more motivated to pursue their goals, and that facilitates achieving good results.

Agricultura familiar, multifuncionalidade da agricultura e ruralidade: interfaces de uma realidade complexa

Nas ultimas decadas, assistimos a revitalizacao do debate em torno da agricultura familiar pela incorporacao das discussoes sobre as multiplas funcoes da agricultura num rural que nao pode mais ser visto como dominio exclusivo da atividade agricola e dos agricultores. No contexto brasileiro, acreditamos que essa discussao deva ser permeada pela analise de como processos diferenciados de distribuicao fundiaria e desenvolvimento economico e o tipo de agricultura resultante geram ruralidades especificas com caracteristicas como, no caso da agricultura familiar, a manutencao de praticas sociais e de trabalho marcadas pelas relacoes de parentesco e vizinhanca presentes numa sociedade de interconhecimento. Partindo desse principio, este trabalho analisa a agricultura familiar de um bairro rural do municipio de Ouro Fino - MG, sua heranca historica e sua participacao na criacao de uma paisagem natural e humana que muito contribui para a atratividade da regiao.