Júlio Boschini Filho

Micronúcleos em células do colo uterino em mulheres HIV+ segundo sua condição de imunidade

PURPOSE to investigate the micronucleation (MN) of exfoliated cells from the uterine cervix of HIV+ women according to immunocompetence status. We investigated the clinical conditions of immunocompetence by analyzing the levels of CD4+ lymphocytes and viral count for HIV (VC). METHODS biological material was collected from 23 HIV+ patients whose cervical oncologic cytology results were negative. They were patients from the STD/AIDS-FCMS-PUCSP who underwent a cytobrush collection in the squamous columnar junction. Similar material was obtained from 19 healthy control women. The material, about 2000 cells per patient, was processed for cytology using light microscopy and an immersion objective. To analyze the immunological status of HIV+ patients we used CD4+ count and VC. Statistical analysis was performed using the Χ2 and Kolmorogov-Smirnov tests. RESULTS twenty-three patients composed the group of HIV+ women and 19 composed the control group. We found micronuclei (MN) in all HIV+ patients and in 84.2% of the control group. In 17 73.9% of the HIV+ patients and in 5.2% of the control group we found more than 7 MN cells. MN tended to occur more among women with poorer immunological status in the HIV+ group. CONCLUSIONS HIV+ patients in the AIDS phase have a higher prevalence of micronucleated cells, as opposed to a control group. Also, the frequency of MN was associated with worse conditions of immunosuppression.

Frequência de micronucleação e outras alterações nucleares em células da mucosa bucal de pacientes anêmicos

Introduction: The Micronucleus Cytogenetic Test is a biomarker that provides information to assess chromosomal damage which arises from genotoxic actions. The micronucleus frequency can be measured at situations of substances and environmental exposure with high genotoxic power. Many anemias have their genesis in nutritional deficiencies and have the consequence of an increment in DNA lesions, altogether with high oxidative stress. Folic acid and B12 vitamin determines more chromosomal instability, such cofactors deficiency or oxidative lesions in genetic material, with implications in DNA repair system. Objectives: Considering the correlation of the anemias and damage to genetic material, the present study aims to evaluate the micronucleation rate and other nuclei alterations in oral mucosal cells of anemic adults. Methods: This study was conducted with 60 patients, 30 of them were anemic and 30 were in the control group. The samples were collected and processed according to a pre-established protocol and thereafter slides were microscopically evaluated for proliferation, genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and cell death criteria. For statistical analysis, Shapiro-Wilk test, Student’s t-test, Levene test and Pearson correlation test were used to compare the variables. Results: The micronucleation rate and the others alterations were higher in anemic, while the control group showed a higher cellular proliferative capacity. Also, way of life influenced the cellular criteria assessed. Conclusions: The high frequency of micronuclei in anemia was attributed to oxidative stress, with malnutrition or other predisposing conditions such as genetic etiology of anemia or the presence of chronic disease.