Julio Soriano

Estruturas mistas em madeira-concreto: uma técnica racional para pontes de estradas vicinais

In general, the rational application of construction materials requires the development or improvement of building techniques. Thus, the use of concrete and timber, traditional materials largely accepted in rural buildings, making composite structures, constitutes a possible solution for presenting adequate structural and economical performances and durability too. In particular, the effectiveness of this structural system must be assured by a connection at the interface of the materials, and it can be of discrete (metallic elements: screws, steel bars, nails etc) or continuous types (epoxy adhesive). Several kinds of civil construction applications can be contemplated by this structural system, as in restorations or construction of new bridges. In fact, along the vicinal roads, there is a large number of timber bridges that need restorations and there is a need to construct new bridges as well. General speaking, bridges are exposed to severe weather and loading conditions, and, thus, they must be carefully studied, so that the connection mechanisms can be more precisely evaluated, as well as the composite structure behavior during its entire life. In this context, by analyzing the several aspects that involve the performance of the timber-concrete composite structures and, also the mechanical behavior of the connections in these structures, we conclude, in this article, that this construction technique is feasible for bridges in vicinal roads. Further, additional research on the long-term loading effects, temperature and moisture variations, is necessary to improve the simulation models.

Roof modular system in wood and particle board (OSB) to rural construction

Wood is a material of great applicability in construction, with advantageous properties to form various structural systems, such as walls and roof. Most of the roof structural systems follow models that have remained unchanged for a long time. A roof modular system in distinguished materials is proposed: reforested wood (Pine), oriented strand board (OSB) and roof tiles made of recycled long-life packaging material in order to be applied in rural construction. In this alternative, besides the benefit of giving destination packages with long-life thermal comfort, it also highlights the use of reforestated wood being the cultivation of such species that provides incentive for agribusiness. The structural performance of this alternative was evaluated through computer modeling and test results of two modular panels. The analysis is based on the results of vertical displacements, deformations and stresses. A positive correlation between theoretical and experimental values was observed, indicating the models feasibility for use in roof structures. Therefore, the modular system represents a solution to new architecture conceptions to rural construction, for example, storage construction, cattle handling and poultry, with benefits provided by prefabricated building systems.

Distribution of stress in greenhouses frames estimated by aerodynamic coefficients of Brazilian and European standards

Widely disseminated in both national and international scenarios, greenhouses are agribusiness solutions which are designed to allow for greater efficiency and control of the cultivation of plants. Bearing this in mind, the construction of greenhouses should take into consideration the incidence of wind, and other such aspects of comfort and safety, and ensure they are factored into the design of structural elements. In this study, we evaluated the effects of pressure coefficients established by the European standard EN 13031-1 (2001) and the Brazilian standard ABNT (1988), which are applicable to the structures of greenhouses with flat roofs, taking into account the following variables: roof slope, external and internal pressure coefficients and height-span ratio of the structure. Using the ANSYSTM computer program, zones of columns and roof were discretized by the Beam44 finite element to identify the maximum and minimum stress portions connected to the aerodynamic coefficients. With this analysis, we found that, in the smallest roof slope (a equal to 20°), the frame stress was quite similar for standards adopted. On the other hand, for the greatest inclination (a equal to 26°), the stress was consistently lower under the Brazilian standard. In view of this, we came to the conclusion that the differences between stresses when applying both standards were more significant at the higher degrees of height-span ratio and roof slope.

Aplicações do método de ensaio esclerométrico em peças de eucalipto saligna sm

In this paper the trend of correlations between compressive strength parallel and perpendicular to fibers is studied, obtained by standard destructive tests, and parameters of the esclerometer tests. For purposes of comparison with other non-destructive ultrasound tests were also carried out. Three series of specimens were taken from a log of Eucalyptus saligna and tested in wood saturated condition. Results of the esclerometer impacts for the three directions evaluated (parallel to fiber, radial and tangential) coefficients of variation less than 9% were observed. From the analysis of trend of correlations of compressive strength with the results of esclerometer and ultrasound, better adjustments for the direction parallel to the fibers were observed. Considering the results, it can be concluded that the esclerometer technique was able to identify the homogeneity of the batch tested, justifying to have possibilities of applications to the timber.