Jun Nakauchi

Novel Ferroelectric Liquid Crystalline δ-Valerolactone Derivatives with Very Large Spontaneous Polarization

Abstract A series of new chiral compounds with a δ-valerolactone ring were synthesized and the physical properties of these compounds as well as the electrical properties of their ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) mixtures were investigated. The magnitude of spontaneous polarization (Ps) in the chiral smectic C phase (SmC*) was found to be as high as 384 nC/cm2 for (2R, 5R)-2-(4′-octyloxybiphenyl-4-carboxy)-5-butyl-δ-valerolactone at ΔT = Tc - T = 5°C, where Tc is the temperature of transition from the isotropic phase to the SmC* phase and T is the temperature at which the experiments were carried out. An FLC mixture containing 2% by weight of the optical isomer, (2S, 5R)-2-(4′-octyloxy-biphenyl-4-carboxy)-5-hexyl-δx-valerolactone exhibited a response time as fast as 96 μ seconds at 25°C, for an applied square-wave voltage of ± 10 volts. The relationship between the structural properties and the thermal properties, magnitude and polarity of Ps as well as the response times for their FLC mixtures are disc...

Effect of end group structures of methacrylate polymers on ArF photoresist performances

The relationship between the sensitivity of ArF photoresist and the end group structures of copolymers consisting of (beta) -hydroxy-(gamma) -butyrolactone methacrylate (HGBMA) and 2-methyl-2-adamantyl methacrylate (MadMA) was investigated. The sensitivity is strongly dependent on the kind and amount of end groups. It has been found that the copolymer with relatively non-polar end group structure has higher sensitivity than that with polar end group structure, and that the sensitivity of copolymer with end groups of methylisobutyrate and 1-octhylthio moieties showed approximately three times higher than that of copolymer with end groups of isobutyronitrile and 2-hydroxyethylthio moieties. The difference of sensitivity among these copolymers has been discussed from the view point of the change of development rate attributed to the amount of carboxylic acid groups formed in the resist film by exposure of 193nm light.

Mesomorphic and ferroelectric properties of novel optically active compounds derived from (R)-3-hydroxynonanoic acid

Abstract Novel optically active compounds derived from (R)-3-hydroxynonanoic acid as shown in a general formula (I) have been synthesized and their mesomorphic and ferroelectric properties have been investigated. The kind of mesophases and the transition temperatures depend strongly on the linkage groups and the substituents in the core. The compounds with an unsubstituted core show non-titled smectic mesophases (smectic A or B). The chiral smectic C phase appears in the compounds having a central ester linkage and a chloro-substituent as the A 1 or B 1 position and in the compound having a central -OCH2- linkage and a chloro-substituent at the A 1 position. The maximum spontaneous polarization (500 μC/m2) was observed in 4-dodecyloxy-3-chlorobenzoyl-oxyphenyl (R)-3-hydroxynonanoate. The thermal stability of each mesophase and the ferroelectric properties have been discussed from the structural point of view.