Jun-Sang Lee

Strontium metaborate, SrB2O4

Single crystals of strontium metaborate, SrB2O4, were grown for the first time from the melt by the Czochralski method and a detailed structure analysis was carried out. The Sr atom is dodecahedrally coordinated by eight O atoms from the neighbouring infinite planes consisting of borate molecules so that all O atoms in the borate molecules participate in the coordination with Sr⋯O distances ranging from 2.522 (7) to 2.728 (5) A.

Sodium trans-Bis(methyliminodiacetato-O,N,O)chromate(III), Na[Cr(C5H7NO4)2]

In the title compound, Na[CrIII{RN(CH2CO2)2}2], where R is CH3, the methyliminodiacetate anions function as tridentate ligands, defining a slightly distorted octahedral coordination at the CrIII ion with the N atoms in a trans configuration. The Cr—N distance of 2.060 (2) A is slightly shorter than the values found in the complexes where R is bulkier, i,e, an isopropyl or tert-butyl group, whereas the Cr—O bond lengths vary little as the size of R is changed. The methyliminodiacetato complexes so far studied.

Novel microsatellite markers of Meretrix petechialis and cross-species amplification in related Taxa (Bivalvia: Veneroida).

The Asian hard clam, Meretrix petechialis, is an economically important bivalve, but its catch and population sizes are decreasing rapidly, owing to many factors, including large-scale reclamation of its natural habitat on the western coast of the Korean peninsula. Attempts to restore the resources and production of this species require genetic structure and diversity information. In this study, we developed 15 microsatellite markers from a partial genomic library enriched in GT repeats. Nine of these markers were polymorphic, with an average allele number of six, and six were monomorphic in 95 tested individuals. No linkage disequilibrium was found between any pair of loci (p > 0.05), and deviations from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) test showing excess of heterozygotes was observed in only one of nine loci. In addition, no null alleles or genetic differentiation between two tested populations were detected. A cross-species amplification in 12 species of four families resulted in two M. petechialis-specific loci and three possible universal markers. This information will be useful in the future development of high-quality artificial seedlings and sustainable resource management.

Five Muricid Species New to Korean Malacofauna

Five species of Muricid molluscs collected from the Korean waters were identified as Coralliophila bulbiformis (Conrad, 1837), Coralliophila erosa (Roding, 1798), Mipus arbutum (Woolacott, 1954), Vokesimurex rectirostris (Sowerby II, 1841) and Mancinella echinulata (Lamarck, 1822). This is the first record from the Korea, providing a description of the species with illustration for the shell morphology. Including the present new records, the family Muricidae contained 23 genera and 46 species in the Korean waters.

Ischaemic colitis mimicking ascending colon cancer

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Comparative analysis of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) between normal group and softness syndrome group in Halocynthia roretzi

To identify the cause of mass mortality in ascidians, we constructed cDNA libraries of both the normal and softness syndrome group in Halocynthia roretzi. To perform comparative analysis of transcripts between the two groups, we sequenced about 1,000 random clones. All the sequences obtained from the clones were processed to remove the vector region and low quality sequences through base calling and vector trimming. We collected 906 sequences with average length of 463 bp in the normal group and 1014 sequences in the softness syndrome group with an average length of 696 bp. Clustering and assembling of EST sequences using TGICL package resulted in 906 distinct sequences composed of 517 singletons and 77 contigs in 75 clusters in normal group and 1014 distinct sequences composed of 707 singletons and 120 contigs in 120 clusters in the softness syndrome group. All sequences derived from the two groups were compared against the NCBI Non-redundant database using BLASTX algorithms. As a result, 493 sequences in the normal group and 861 sequences in the softness syndrome group had significant hits within the database. In addition, we listed genes that showed differential expression in the softness syndrome group. Transcript levels of calponin increased by 11-fold and both E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MARCH3 and selenium dependent salivary glutathione peroxidase by 5-fold in the softness syndrome group. Also, the expression of four genes including muscle actin increased by 4-fold. In contrast, we observed down-regulation of genes encoding trypsinogen 1, cathepsin D protein, serine protease, and halocidin precursor, decreasing by more than 6-fold. Herein, we identified differential expression of genes involved in the contraction and regulation of muscle cells and immune reaction in H. roretzi with softness syndrome. This study is the first report on gene expression changes occurring in H. roretzi with softness syndrome and would be useful in further studies.

Delayed isolated gallbladder rupture after blunt abdominal trauma

A 49-year-old man presented to our emergency department because of lower back pain and paraplegia after a drain pipe had rolled onto him from 20 m above. His vital signs were stable and physical examination revealed abdominal bruising and distension with tenderness, and paraplegia. Laboratory tests showed elevated myoglobin (2250 mg/L) with leukocytosis (19.3 ¥ 10 cells/L), but his aspartate and alanine transaminase and bilirubin levels were normal. Initial abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed multiple vertebral fractures (Fig. 1a) and a haematoma near the third lumbar vertebra (Fig. 1b) with a normal gallbladder (Fig. 1c). On the 20th day after admission, abrupt abdominal distension was noted, and hypoxaemia, fever and shock developed. Follow-up abdominal CT showed a perihepatic fluid collection and loss of continuity of the gallbladder wall suggesting gallbladder perforation (Fig. 1d,e). Diagnostic paracentesis yielded dark bile-coloured fluid. He recovered from shock with intravenous antibiotic treatment and percutaneous drainage, and open cholecystectomy was performed. Injuries to the gallbladder are found in about only 2% of patients with blunt abdominal trauma, and delayed isolated gallbladder rupture is very much rarer. Depending on its anatomical location, isolated gallbladder

Ethyl 2-Fluoro-3-oxo-2-(p-toluoyl)-3-(p-tolyl)propanoate, C20H19O4F

The structure of the title compound was determined by single-crystal X-ray methods. The carbonyl C=O bond distances are approximately 1.20 A and van der Waals intermolecular contacts are normal. The bond distances are normal for all bonds in the molecule except for those involving C9: the C-F bond distance is 1.382 (6) A, and the C-C bond distances are 1.545 (8), 1.531 (8) and 1.529 (9) A, all approximately 0.05 A longer than normal for these bonds.

6-(2-Pyridyl)-3,5-hexadiyn-1-ol

The crystal structure of 6-(2-pyridyl)-3,5-hexadiyn-1-ol (PyHxD), C 11 H 9 NO, has been determined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. The backbone diyne chain linking the pyridyl ring and the C(10)-C(11)-O group is linear. A dimer with a centre of symmetry is formed through two O-H...N hydrogen bonds and the crystal structure indicates that solid-state polymerization is inhibited because of these hydrogen bonds.