Jung-Woo Chae

Inhibitory Effects of Various Mulberry Fruits (Morus alba L.) on Related Enzymes to Adult Disease

The objective of this research was to develop the functional material of water and 60% ethanol extracts from nine kinds of mulberry fruits (Morus alba L.) that influence the inhibitory activity on angiotensin-converting enzyme, xanthine oxidase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase. The total phenolic contents in the water extracts were over 2 mg/g in two species (Cheongilppong and Kangwon Ⅲ) and five species (Daeyoupchosaeng, Cheongilppong, Kangwon Ⅲ, Hihak, and Cataneo) of 60% ethanol extracts. The inhibitory activity against the angiotensin-converting enzyme was determined with them. Baekwoon Ⅲ was 90.9±4.5% in the water extracts, and Hihak was 81.8±4.5% in the 60% ethanol extracts. The inhibitory activity of Kuksang 20 against xanthin oxidase was about 10% in the water extracts, and Cataneo was 21.4±2.3% in the 60% ethanol extracts. Six of the species (Daeyoupchosaeng, Suwonppong, Cheongilppong, Kangwon Ⅲ, Hihak, and Kuksang 20) in the water extracts showed inhibitory activities against α-amylase, as 100%, respectively. The inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase was determined for these nine species. Four species (Baekwoon Ⅲ, Daeyoupchosaeng, Cheongilppong, Kangwon Ⅲ, Hihak, and Kuksang 20) in the water extracts and three species (Daechoukmyeun, Kangwon Ⅲ, and Kuksang 20) in the 60% ethanol extracts showed inhibition of over 20%. The results revealed strong biological activity in spite of little total phenolic contents. These water and 60% ethanol extracts with high-quality biological activity from various mulberry fruits (Morus alba L.) are expected to represent good candidates for the development of antihypertentive and antidiabetes sources.

Anti-inflammatory Effects of Amelanchier asiatica Fruits Ethanol Extract

This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activities and cell viability of Amelanchier asiatica (A. asiatica) 70% ethanol extracts against RAW 264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cell toxicity test on macrophage cells (RAW 264.7) was performed by 3-[4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay and results showed 96% cell viability at 1,000 μg/mL concentration. Anti-inflammatory activity was examined via the inhibitory tests on the production of LPS induced NO in RAW 264.7 cells by Griess assay. The result showed that the extract inhibited NO production in concentration dependent manner. The iNOS and COX-2 protein expression inhibitory effects were confirmed by western blot and by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). From the former they were decreased by 84.3%, 56.2% at 500 μg/mL concentration, respectively, and from the latter decreased by 89.8%, 84.9% at 500 μg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, this study showed the anti-inflammatory effects of A. asiatica extracts. Thus, this could be applied to an anti-inflammatory agent.

Anti-inflammatory Activities Verification of Vaccinum oldhami Fruit Ethanol Extracts on RAW 264.7

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the Vaccinum oldhami fruit extract as a cosmetic additive. As a result of having macrophage (RAW 264.7) measured a cell toxicity effects of 70% ethanol extract from Vaccinum oldhami fruit, it shown 118% with toxicity at 500 μg/ml concentration. In nitric oxide synthesis inhibition effect, 70% ethanol extracts from Vaccinum oldhami fruit shown 47.3% at 1,000 μg/ml concentration. The iNOS, COX-2 protein expression inhibitory effect by western blot of 70% ethanol extract from Vaccinum oldhami fruit was decreased by 36.13%, 29.61% at 500 μg/ml concentration. And iNOS, COX-2 mRNA expression inhibitory effect by reverse-transcription-PCR of 70% ethanol extract from Vaccinum oldhami fruit was decreased by 62.25%, 90.07% at 500 μg/ml concentration. All these finding that extract from Vaccinum oldhami fruit could prove that their have effects anti-inflammatory efficacy. And extract from Vaccinum oldhami fruit has potential as a cosmetic ingredients.

Production of Inhibitory Compounds against Helicobacter pylori by Culture Condition of Morus alba cv. Cheongmoknosang Callus

The optimal condition for Morus alba cv was an MS culture medium at for 20 days. Cheongmoknosang callus showed inhibitory activity against Helicobacter pylori at 1.05 g of wet weight of the cultured callus. The callus formation of Morus alba cv. Cheongmoknosang was influenced by naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and kinetin at concentrations of 2 mg/l. The growth rate of callus was higher than it was when these hormones were mixed with a single hormone. Thus, the optimal condition for direct callogenesis was to incubate with mixture (2,4-D/NAA) of 2 mg/l concentration at for 20 days. Moreover, the optimal culture condition of the biomass in the mass production of inhibitory compounds against Helicobacter pylori from Morus alba cv. Cheongmoknosang callus was to incubate in an MS broth (each concentration 1 mg/l of 2,4-D and BA). When Morus alba cv. Cheongmoknosang callus were incubated for 20 days in a bioreactor, Helicobacter pylori inhibition of callus extracts was the highest at a clear zone of 16 mm.