Jungjai Lee

Gravity from quantum information

We suggest that the Einstein equation can be derived from Landauer’s principle applied to an information erasing process at a local Rindler horizon and Jacobson’s idea linking the Einstein equation with thermodynamics. When matter crosses the horizon, information on the matter disappears, and the horizon entanglement entropy increases to compensate for the entropy reduction. The Einstein equation describes an information-energy relation during this process, which implies that entropic gravity is related to the quantum entanglement of the vacuum and has a quantuminformation theoretic origin.

Quantum gravity from noncommutative spacetime

We review a novel and authentic way to quantize gravity. This novel approach is based on the fact that Einstein gravity can be formulated in terms of a symplectic geometry rather than a Riemannian geometry in the context of emergent gravity. An essential step for emergent gravity is to realize the equivalence principle, the most important property in the theory of gravity (general relativity), from U(1) gauge theory on a symplectic or Poisson manifold. Through the realization of the equivalence principle, which is an intrinsic property in symplectic geometry known as the Darboux theorem or the Moser lemma, one can understand how diffeomorphism symmetry arises from noncommutative U(1) gauge theory; thus, gravity can emerge from the noncommutative electromagnetism, which is also an interacting theory. As a consequence, a background-independent quantum gravity in which the prior existence of any spacetime structure is not a priori assumed but is defined by using the fundamental ingredients in quantum gravity theory can be formulated. This scheme for quantum gravity can be used to resolve many notorious problems in theoretical physics, such as the cosmological constant problem, to understand the nature of dark energy, and to explain why gravity is so weak compared to other forces. In particular, it leads to a remarkable picture of what matter is. A matter field, such as leptons and quarks, simply arises as a stable localized geometry, which is a topological object in the defining algebra (noncommutative ★-algebra) of quantum gravity.

Dark energy from forgetting

In this chapter, we present classification models based on mathematical programming approaches. We first provide an overview on various mathematical programming approaches, including linear programming, mixed integer programming, nonlinear programming and support vector machines. Next, we present our effort of novel optimization‐based classification models that are general purpose and suitable for developing predictive rules for large heterogeneous biological and medical data sets. Our predictive model simultaneously incorporates (1) the ability to classify any number of distinct groups; (2) the ability to incorporate heterogeneous types of attributes as input; (3) a high‐dimensional data transformation that eliminates noise and errors in biological data; (4) the ability to incorporate constraints to limit the rate of misclassification, and a reserved‐judgment region that provides a safeguard against over‐training (which tends to lead to high misclassification rates from the resulting predictive rule); an...We suggest that dark energy has a quantum informational origin. Landauers principle associated with the erasure of quantum information at a cosmic horizon implies the non-zero vacuum energy having effective negative pressure. Assuming the holographic principle, the minimum free energy condition, and the Gibbons-Hawking temperature for the cosmic event horizon we obtain the holographic dark energy with the parameter

Global and local D-vortices

d\simeq 1

Classical stability of black D3-branes

, which is consistent with the current observational data. It is also shown that both the entanglement energy and the horizon energy can be related to Landauers principle.

An efficient representation of Euclidean gravity I

Codimension-two objects on a system of brane-antibrane are studied in the context of Born-Infeld type effective field theory with a complex tachyon and U(1) × U(1) gauge fields. When the radial electric field is turned on in D2 ¯ D2, we find static regular global and local D-vortex solutions which could be candidates of straight cosmic D-strings in a superstring theory. A natural extension to DF-strings is briefly discussed.

Gravity as a quantum entanglement force

Classical stability behaviors of various static black brane backgrounds under small perturbations have been summarized briefly. They include cases of black strings in AdS

Cosmological Imprint of the Second Law of Thermodynamics

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Extraordinary vacuum black string solutions

space, charged black

Causality problem in a holographic-dark-energy model

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