Junyoung Kim

Integration of marketing domain and R&D domain in NPD design process

Purpose – To solve the trade‐offs between marketing and R&D domains and to minimize information loss in new product development (NPD), this study proposes an integrated design process as a new solution to the interface system between the two domains.Design/methodology/approach – House of Quality integrated with multivariate statistical analysis is used for determining important design features. These design features are used as parameters for conjoint analysis and Taguchi method, and then the results of analyses are compared. Sequential application of conjoint analysis and Taguchi method, depending on the differences in utilities and signal to noise ratios, is applied for the integrated design process. An automotive interior design is illustrated for the validation of the integrated design process.Findings – The integrated design process determines a point of compromise between the optimums of conjoint analysis and Taguchi method. Sequential application of two methods ensures full utilization of both meth...

Study of the Cesium Carbonate (Cs2CO3) Inter Layer Fabricated by Solution Process on P3HT:PCBM Solar Cells

In this paper, we studied the effect of the electron injection layer, Cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3), thickness on the performance of organic solar cell (OSC) based on blends of poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester fullerene derivative (PCBM). The polymer solar cell consists of molybdenum-oxide (MoO3) as a hole injection layer, P3HT and PCBM bulk hetero junction as an active layer, and Cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3) as an electron injection layer. We measured each device by current-voltage measurement and impedance spectroscopy which is widely used for equivalent circuit analysis of solid state structures. The device with the Cs2CO3 layer showed about 8–10% higher JSC and about 6–8% higher power conversion efficiency compared with the devices without the Cs2CO3 layer.

Optical absorption of Co2+ ions in In2S3 thin films

Abstract Polycrystalline thin films of undoped and Co-doped In 2 S 3 have been grown by the spray pyrolysis method and the flash evaporation method. The optical absorption spectra of these thin films have been investigated in the wavelength region from 500 to 2500 nm at 298 K. From the optical absorption measurements, the optical energy gaps of the thin films have been determined and the optical absorption of Co 2+ ions in In 2 S 3 thin films has been studied. In particular, the effects of cobalt doping on the optical properties of In 2 S 3 thin films have been presented.

Ultrasound-guided mesenteric lymph node iohexol injection for thoracic duct computed tomographic lymphography in cats.

Computed tomographic (CT) lymphography was performed in cats using percutaneous ultrasound-guided injection of contrast medium into a mesenteric lymph node. The thoracic duct and its branches were clearly delineated in CT images of seven cats studied. The thoracic duct was characterized by anatomic variation and appeared as single or multiple branches. The thoracic duct and the cisterna chyli were identified along the ventral or left ventral aspect of the vertebrae from the level of the cranial lumbar to the caudal cervical vertebrae. The thoracic duct was identified in the central caudal mediastinum, deviated to the left in the cranial mediastinum, and finally moved toward the venous system. Small volumes of extranodal contrast medium leakage were identified in all cats. After injection, the mesenteric lymph nodes were cytologically normal. Ultrasound-guided CT lymphography via percutaneous mesenteric lymph node injection appears safe and effective in cats.

CT THORACIC DUCT LYMPHOGRAPHY IN CATS BY POPLITEAL LYMPH NODE IOHEXOL INJECTION

Three different doses (1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 ml) of iohexol (300 mgl/ml) were injected percutaneously into the popliteal lymph node of eight adult cats under ultrasound guidance. Serial transverse CT images of five regions of interest (L3, T13, T8, T4, and T1 level) were performed at 2-min intervals, and the attenuation in Hounsfield Units (HU) of the lymphatic vessels was measured for determination of the optimal dose of iohexol and CT scan parameters. The optimal dose was 1.5 ml and helical CT acquisition is recommended to be performed as soon as possible after iohexol injection. In helical scans, the thoracic duct was characterized by variable branch numbers that formed a single trunk and entered the venous system at variable levels. CT lymphography using this protocol was performed in a cat with chylothorax. The thoracic duct was tortuous and focally dilated, and leakage of contrast medium was observed. Percutaneous CT lymphography using ultrasound-guided administration of iohexol into the popliteal lymph node appears reliable for delineation of the thoracic duct in cats.

Cranial epidural spread of contrast medium and new methylene blue dye in sternally recumbent anaesthetized dogs

OBJECTIVEnTo examine the spread of solution in the epidural space of sternally recumbent dogs.nnnSTUDY DESIGNnProspective experimental trial. Animalsu2002 Ten healthy adult Beagle dogs weighing 7.6u2003±u20031.1u2003kg.nnnMETHODSnDogs were anaesthetized with total intravenous propofol infusion, and placed in sternal recumbency. A volume of 0.2 mL kg(-1) contrast medium (CM) containing 1% new methylene blue (MB) dye was administered into the lumbosacral epidural space. Left to right lateral radiographs using a horizontal beam were taken every 5 minutes for 45 minutes. The perpendicular height (PH) between floor of the epidural canal of the highest vertebra and that of lumbosacral spinal canal was measured on radiographs. The angle of slope from the injection point toward the highest vertebral floor was measured. Immediately after taking the last radiographic image, dogs were euthanized and a laminectomy was performed from the cervical to lumbar vertebrae for visual evaluation of MB spread. The spread of CM and of MB as counted in number of stained vertebra were compared, and each of these data sets were further compared to PH and angle, using linear regression analyses.nnnRESULTSnThe PH and angle were (meanu2003±u2003SD) 3.8u2003±u20030.8u2003cm and 14.8u2003±u20032.8° respectively. The most cranial spread of CM was at 12.7u2003±u20035.7 (range: C6-L3) vertebrae, and at 14.0u2003±u20035.4 (range: C6-L2) vertebrae for MB staining. There were no significant correlations between PH and spread of CM (R(2) u2003=u20030.08) or MB (R(2) u2003=u20030.13), between angle and spread of CM (R(2) u2003=u20030.05) or MB (R(2) u2003=u20030.02), respectively. CM and MB demonstrated proportional relationship (R(2) u2003=u20030.82, pu2003<u20030.001).nnnCONCLUSIONSnNo significant inhibitory effect of upward slope on cranial epidural spread of the solution was observed. Other factors may have greater effect on epidural spread in sternally recumbent dogs.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound analysis of renal perfusion in normal micropigs.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is one of method for evaluating renal perfusion. The purpose of this project was to assess perfusion patterns and dynamics in normal micropig kidney using ultrasonographic contrast media. Eight young healthy micropigs were included in this study. Micropigs were anesthetized with propofol and received an intravenous bolus of microbubble contrast media through an ear vein. Time/mean pixel value (MPV) curves were generated for selected regions in the right renal cortex and medulla. The parenchyma was enhanced in two phases. The cortex was first enhanced followed by a more gradual enhancement of the medulla. A significant difference in perfusion was detected between the cortex and medulla. Following the bolus injection, the average upslope was 0.68 ± 0.27 MPV/sec, downslope was -0.27 ± 0.13 MPV/sec, baseline was 73.9 ± 16.5 MPV, peak was 84.6 ± 17.2 MPV, and time-to-peak (from injection) was 17.5 ± 6.6 sec for the cortex. For the medulla, the average upslope was 0.50 ± 0.24 MPV/sec, downslope was -0.12 ± 0.06 MPV/sec, baseline was 52.7 ± 7.0 MPV, peak was 65.2 ± 9.3 MPV, and time-to-peak (from injection) was 27.5 ± 5.0 sec. These data can be used as normal reference values for studying young micropigs.

A Retrospective study on the association between vitreous degeneration and cataract in dogs

OBJECTIVEnThis study was performed to evaluate the relationship between cataract and vitreous degeneration on ultrasonography (VDU) in dogs.nnnMATERIALS AND METHODSnMedical records of dogs were retrospectively reviewed. The dogs presented at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University from January 2009 to December 2011 for ocular ultrasonography to investigate the suitability of the patient for cataract surgery. A total of 97 dogs (179 eyes) were included in this study. Data collected included age, gender, ophthalmic examination, and ultrasonographic examination. Cataract was classified into five grades by ophthalmic examination (0: normal, 1: incipient, 2: immature, 3: mature, and 4: hypermature). VDU was classified into 4 grades (0: no degeneration, 1: mild vitreous degeneration, 2: moderate vitreous degeneration, and 3: marked vitreous degeneration).nnnRESULTSnThe mean rank of VDU grades increased with the progression of cataracts, and statistical significant differences were shown between cataracts grade 0 and 2 (P = 0.010), between 0 and 3 (P < 0.001), between 0 and 4 (P = 0.010), between 1 and 3 (P = 0.03), between 1 and 4 (P = 0.02), and between 2 and 4 (P = 0.04). There were no significant differences in age and gender according to the cataract grades. There was no statistical significant difference in the mean rank of VDU grades between cataractous eyes with lens-induced uveitis (LIU) and those without LIU.nnnCONCLUSIONSnThe results indicated that increased VDU was associated with more severe cataract grades in dogs.

RADIOGRAPHIC LIVER SIZE IN PEKINGESE DOGS VERSUS OTHER DOG BREEDS

Differential diagnoses for canine liver disease are commonly based on radiographic estimates of liver size, however little has been published on breed variations. Aims of this study were to describe normal radiographic liver size in Pekingese dogs and to compare normal measurements for this breed with other dog breeds and Pekingese dogs with liver disease. Liver measurements were compared for clinically normal Pekingese (n = 61), normal non-Pekingese brachycephalic (n = 45), normal nonbrachycephalic (n = 71), and Pekingese breed dogs with liver disease (n = 22). For each dog, body weight, liver length, T11 vertebral length, thoracic depth, and thoracic width were measured on right lateral and ventrodorsal abdominal radiographs. Liver volume was calculated using a formula and ratios of liver length/T11 vertebral length and liver volume/body weight ratio were determined. Normal Pekingese dogs had a significantly smaller liver volume/body weight ratio (16.73 ± 5.67, P < 0.05) than normal non-Pekingese brachycephalic breed dogs (19.54 ± 5.03) and normal nonbrachycephalic breed dogs (18.72 ± 6.52). The liver length/T11 vertebral length ratio in normal Pekingese (4.64 ± 0.65) was significantly smaller than normal non-Pekingese brachycephalic breed dogs (5.16 ± 0.74) and normal nonbrachycephalic breed dogs (5.40 ± 0.74). Ratios of liver volume/body weight and liver length/T11 vertebral length in normal Pekingese were significantly different from Pekingese with liver diseases (P < 0.05). Findings supported our hypothesis that Pekingese dogs have a smaller normal radiographic liver size than other breeds. We recommend using 4.64× the length of the T11 vertebra as a radiographic criterion for normal liver length in Pekingese dogs.

Actionable topological mapping for navigation using nearby objects

In this paper, we propose a mapping and navigation method for mobile robots with low computational resources and limited memory capacity. The proposed navigation method is based on topological mapping of visual features for its compact representation and robustness in localization. In order to improve the localization accuracy and minimize the memory requirement, we propose the use of visual features from nearby objects. This paper presents a new topological map, called an actionable topological map, which is constructed using visual features from nearby objects and motion information between places in the map. By incorporating motion information, we make it easier for a robot to navigate using the compact representation of a topological map. The proposed method is suitable for light-weight, low-cost robotic platforms due to its low computational and space requirements. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in experiments using an inexpensive, off-the-shelf robotic platform.