Jürgen Holzinger

Drivers’ Interaction with Adaptive Cruise Control on Dry and Snowy Roads with Various Tire-Road Grip Potentials

This study investigates drivers’ interaction with Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) in different road conditions and identifies areas of improvement. Ninety-six drivers drove with the ACC in a driving simulator showing either a summer scenery and a dry road with high grip potential or a winter scenery with a snowy road and reduced grip potential. The results show that on snowy roads the drivers set in average a lower ACC speed and preferred a larger ACC time gap. Drivers’ workload and effort were higher when using the ACC on snowy as compared to dry roads. Generally, the use of a shorter ACC gap resulted in lower ratings of comfort, safety, and trust and higher ratings of mental workload and effort in both dry and snowy road conditions. The drivers judged that ACC was braking too late and maintained a too short gap to the forward vehicle, especially when the ACC was set to 1 second as compared to a 1.8-second time gap. A future adaptation of ACC’s control strategy to reduced tire-road grip potential would not only improve comfort and user acceptance of the human driver but also increase the potential to react in emergency situations with braking or evasive steering.

Virtual Concept Development on the Example of a Motorway Chauffeur

It is well known that the development of future automated driving faces big challenges regarding testing and validation. One strategy to tackle the drastically increased complex interaction of vehicle, driver, and environment is the so-called front-loading approach. This involves virtual development of new vehicle functions enabling early stage testing and validation. Within the funded project Technology Concepts for Advanced Highly Automated Driving (TECAHAD), this front-loading approach was applied for a concept development of an automated driving system (ADS)—the Motorway Chauffeur (MWC)—fully responsible for longitudinal and lateral motion of a car on motorways. In the following, we provide an insight on early stage virtual development of this ADS. Topics range from high-level requirements and functional safety investigations to software architecture and major components of the virtual implementation. Finally, first simulation results are shown for some MWC use cases, motivating the planned future real vehicle prototype implementation.