Justin G. Steele

Laparoscopic Repair of an Intrapericardial Diaphragmatic Hernia

An isolated intrapericardial diaphragmatic hernia is very rare. Only 15 cases have been reported, 2 of which are in adults. The defect in the anterior diaphragm allows abdominal contents to enter the pericardial cavity. We report the 16th case--the third in an adult--and its laparoscopic repair.

Three synchronous, sporadic and separate periampullary and pancreatic tumors: more than a coincidence?

Three sporadic, synchronous, and separate lesions in the ampulla of Vater and the head of the pancreas presented in an 81-year-old male. One was symptomatic and two were incidental. One was detected preoperatively (the ampullary lesion) and two by examination of the resected specimen (the neuroendocrine and pancreatic carcinomas). The case is summarized and the literature and the issue of commonality are reviewed.

Prevention and Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer

Preventing cancer has much to offer. Aside from plummeting health care costs, we might enjoy a healthier life free of cancer and chronic disease. Prevention requires the adoption of healthier choices and a moderate amount of exercise. The supporting evidence is observational, clinical, and partly common sense. Further investigations reveal several substances in a whole-food plant-based diet that have protective effects and an inhibitory effect on tumor development. For pancreatic cancer, the basis of cure remains a century old operation that rarely cures. With little to lose, prevention deserves center stage and additional studies.

A Tale of 2 Techniques:Preoperative Biliary Drainage and Routine Surgical Drainage with Pancreaticoduodenectomy

Preoperative drainage of an obstructed biliary tree before pancreaticoduodenal resection (PDR) and placement of intraabdominal drains following pancreatic resection have been suggested to be both unnecessary and associated with a higher complication rate. The evidence for and against that practice is presented and analyzed to highlight its risks and benefits. A selective approach on an individual basis for preoperative biliary decompression is advocated, based on multiple factors. Additionally, the evidence for routine use of surgical drains after PDR is critically reviewed and the rationale for routine drainage is made.

Cancer of the Pancreas—Actual 5, 10, and 20+Year Survival: The Lucky and Fortunate Few

Cancer of the pancreas (CaP) is a dismal, uncommon, systemic malignancy. This article updates an earlier experience of actual long-term survival of CaP in patients treated between 1991 to 2000, and reviews the literature. Survival is expressed as actual, not projected, survival.

Familial Pancreatic Cancer: The Case for Prophylactic Pancreatectomy in Lieu of Serial Screening and Shared Decision Making

At-risk family members with familial pancreatic cancer (FCaP) face uncertainty regarding the individual risk of developing pancreatic cancer (CaP) and whether to choose serial screening or prophylactic pancreatectomy to avoid CaP. We treated 2 at-risk siblings with a history of FCaP, congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF), and jaundice secondary to a bile duct stricture. In one, a pancreaticoduodenal resection was done and in the second a total pancreatectomy. Malignancy was not present, but extensive pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIn) 2 was present throughout both pancreata. The clinical course and literature review are presented along with the previously unreported association of CHF and CaP.

Laparoscopic Repair of an Intrapericardial Diaphragmatic Hernia After Convergent Maze Procedure

The convergent maze procedure (CMP) is a new minimally invasive technique for the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Recently, multiple groups have published excellent results and few adverse events with CMP. However, we now report the second case of an intrapericardial diaphragmatic hernia with small bowel obstruction that resulted from CMP. This adverse event was managed successfully by laparoscopic repair of the hernia and the use of a polytetrafluoroethylene mesh closure with hepatic buttress, achieving an excellent result. With the expanding use of CMP for the treatment of AF, awareness of this adverse event and its appropriate management are increasingly important.