Jyotsna Suri

Extramedullary hematopoiesis in thyroid gland: A rare case report

Background: Extramedullary hematopoiesis is known to occur mainly in the organs of reticuloendothelial system. It is very rare for EMH to occur in thyroid nodule without any haematological abnormality. Case: A 71 year healthy male presented with 3 month history of dysphagia to solids. Clinical examination revealed thyroid nodule measuring 1 cm in diameter in right lobe of thyroid gland. FNAC was performed and microscopic examination showed presence of hematopoietic elements of all the three lineages in the background of benign thyroid follicular epithelial cells. We are reporting this case because of it’s rarity as, no case of EMH with thyroid nodule causing only dysphagia with no haematological abnormality has ever been reported till date. Conclusion: EMH can present as thyroid nodule with only complaint of difficulty in swallowing with normal haematological parameters. Identification of giant cells as megakaryocyte helps in diagnosis of EMH.

Frequency and distribution of ABO and Rhesus blood groups in blood donors in a provincial hospital of Jammu

Background: The ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood group systems are genetically inherited and play very vital role in blood transfusions, parental and genetic testing and addressing medico legal issues. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups among blood donors in provincial Hospital at Gandhi Nagar, Jammu, India. Materials and Methods: An observational descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at Blood bank of Government Hospital Gandhi Nagar over a period of one year from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2015. ABO and Rh typing was done using slide agglutination method with antisera ABO and Rh. Tube agglutination method was done in doubtful cases and they were further confirmed by reverse grouping using known pooled A and B cells. Results were reported in percentages and proportions. Results & conclusion: Out of 2808 donors, 2360 (84%) were males and 448 (16%) were females. Majority of donors belonged to age group 26-35 years. The commonest ABO blood group present was B (37%) followed by O (26.3%), A (25.6%) and AB (11.1%) while 2606 (92.8%) donors were Rh-positive and 202(7.2%) donors were Rh negative. Replacement donors (83.1%) were much more than voluntary donors (16.9%). Conclusion: Distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups has important role to play in management and functioning of blood banks.

Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of salivary gland lesions with histopathological correlation in a district hospital of Jammu region

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a simple, rapid, cost effective and useful method for diagnostic evaluation of salivary gland lesions due to their superficial nature and easy accessibility. Aim: To study the cytomorphological patterns of the salivary gland lesions and to perform histopathological correlation in suspicious cases in Government District Hospital, Gandhi Nagar, Jammu, India. Material and Methods: In the present study 74 cases were included. FNAC was performed using 22 gauge needle and 10 ml plastic syringe with a detachable syringe holder (Franzen Handle). In each case, three alcohol fixed smears were prepared ,first smear was stained with Papanicolaou stain, second with Giemsa stain and third one was kept unstained for any further required stain. Cytohistological correlation was made in 47 cases only. Results: Parotid gland was the most commonly involved salivary gland. Maximum cases were seen among age group of 21 to 30 years. Most common non neoplastic lesion was chronic sialadenitis while pleomorphic adenoma was commonest benign lesion and adenoid cystic carcinoma was more frequent malignant lesion. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was 66.6%, 95.8% and 93% in case of neoplastic lesions and 100% in non neoplastic lesions. Conclusion: The high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of FNAC makes it a useful and reliable screening and diagnostic procedure in case of salivary gland lesions especially in District Hospitals with limited infrastructure.