K. Amemiya

Quark Confinement Physics from Quantum Chromodynamics

We show the construction of the dual superconducting theory for the confinement mechanism from QCD in the maximally abelian (MA) gauge using the lattice QCD Monte Carlo simulation. We find that essence of infrared abelian dominance is naturally understood with the off-diagonal gluon mass moff ≈- 1.2GeV induced by the MA gauge fixing. In the MA gauge, the off-diagonal gluon amplitude is forced to be small, and the off-diagonal gluon phase tends to be random. As the mathematical origin of abelian dominance for confinement, we demonstrate that the strong randomness of the off-diagonal gluon phase leads to abelian dominance for the string tension. In the MA gauge, there appears the macroscopic network of the monopole world-line covering the whole system. We investigate the monopole-current system in the MA gauge by analyzing the dual gluon field Bμ. We evaluate the dual gluon mas as mB = 0.4 ∼ 0.5GeV in the infrared region, which is the lattice-QCD evidence of the dual Higgs mechanism by monopole condensation. Owing to infrared abelian dominance and infrared monopole condensation, QCD in the MA gauge is describable with the dual Ginzburg-Landau theory.

Strong randomness of off-diagonal gluon phases and off-diagonal gluon mass in the maximally abelian gauge in QCD

Abstract We study abelianization of QCD in the maximally abelian (MA) gauge. In the MA gauge, the off-diagonal gluon amplitude is strongly suppressed, and then the off-diagonal gluon phase shows strong randomness, which leads to a large off-diagonal gluon mass. Using lattice QCD, we find a large effective off-diagonal gluon mass in the MA gauge: M off ⋍ 1.2GeV in SU(2) QCD, M off ⋍ 1.1GeV in SU(3) QCD. Due to the large off-diagonal gluon mass in the MA gauge, infrared QCD is well abelianized like nonabelian Higgs theories. We investigate the inter-monopole potential and the dual gluon field B μ in the MA gauge, and find longitudinal magnetic screening with m B ⋍ 0.5 GeV in the infrared region, which indicates the dual Higgs mechanism by monopole condensation. We propose a gauge invariant description of the MA projection by introducing the “gluonic Higgs scalar field”.

Transport coefficients of quark gluon plasma for pure gauge models

Abstract The transport coefficients of quark gluon plasma are calculated on a lattice 16 3 × 8, with the pure gauge models. Matsubara Greens functions of energy momentum tensors have very large fluctuations and about a few million MC sweeps are needed to reduce the errors reasonably small in the case of the standard action. They are much suppressed if Iwasakis improved action is employed. Preliminary results show that the transport coefficients roughly depend on the coupling constant as a −3 ( g ).

Effective mass generation of off-diagonal gluons and abelian dominance in the maximally abelian gauge in QCD

Abstract We study the properties of gluons in QCD in the maximally abelian (MA) gauge. In the MA gauge, the off-diagonal gluon behaves as the massive vector boson with the mass M off ≅ 1.2 GeV, and therefore the off-diagonal gluon cannot carry the long-range interaction for r ⪢ M off −1 ≅ 0.2 fm. The essence of the infrared abelian dominance in the MA gauge is physically explained with the generation of the off-diagonal gluon mass M off ≅ 1.2 GeV induced by the MA gauge fixing, and the off-diagonal gluon mass generation would predict general infrared abelian dominance in QCD in the MA gauge. We report also the off-diagonal gluon propagator at finite temperature.

Infrared abelian dominance and dual Higgs mechanisms in MA gauge

Abstract We study infrared abelian dominance and the dual Higgs mechanism in the maximally abelian (MA) gauge using the lattice QCD Monte Carlo simulation. In the MA gauge, the off-diagonal gluon phase tends to be random, and the off-diagonal gluon A μ ± acquires the effective mass as M off ≅ 1.2 GeV. From the monopole current in the MA gauge, we extract the dual gluon field B μ and estimate the dual gluon mass as m B ≅ 0.5 GeV. The QCD-monopole structure is also investigated in terms of off-diagonal gluons. From the lattice QCD in the MA gauge, the dual Ginzburg-Landau (DGL) theory can be constructed as a realistic infrared effective theory based on QCD