K. Chitra

Security based energy efficient routing protocol for Adhoc network

AdHoc network plays an important role for critical scenario such as military services, law enforcement as well as in emergency rescue operation. In such type of request, it requires security and privacy for the underlying routing protocol. As it is a communications less and source limit network, it is very important to propose secure based energy efficient routing protocol. In order to provide a secure and energy efficient routing protocol, a Privacy Protecting Secure and Energy Efficient Routing Protocol (PPSEER) is proposed. In this protocol, first the classifications of network node take place based on their energy level. After that encryption is done based on group signature. It includes additional secure parameter such as secret key and maximum transmission power which is known only to the sender and recipient node. The advantage of the proposed routing protocol is that it increases privacy of the message as well as it maintains the energy efficiency of the node.

Hidden Markov model based lightpath establishment technique for improving QoS in optical WDM networks

This paper discusses the issue of providing basic QoS in optical burst-switched WDM networks. As in WDM networks, end-to-end connection demands are dynamic routes, it changes the state according to the current network traffic status. In order to improve the basic QoS, load balancing technique for lightpath establishment in Optical WDM Networks has been proposed. This approach contains three phases; initially the networks traffic is predicted with Hidden Markov Model (HMM). In the second phase wavelength ordering technique is implemented where the crosstalk in the network is reduced. In the final phase an objective function based on GRASP is considered for the predicted traffic load from phase-1. Through this approach, it is shown in this paper that the Quality of service (QoS) in the optical WDM network can be improved in terms of delay, throughput and blocking probability.

Study on fundamental soliton propagation and their interaction in Enhanced-Large Effective Area Fiber (E-LEAF)

In this work, the effect of soliton propagation due to interplay between Self-Phase Modulation (SPM) and Group Velocity Dispersion (GVD) is demonstrated in anomalous regime (ß2<;0 ar D>0). The telecommunication system of bitrate 10 and 40Gbps is implemented with Enhanced Large Effective Area Fiber (E-LEAF) as a data transmitting fiber. The combined effect of GVD and SPM is noted by matching the dispersion length (LD) and non-linear length (LNL) with soliton period of 247.7206Km and 15.48I£m for bitrate of 10Gbps and 40Gbps respectively. The interaction between two soliton propagating in phase to each other in same direction are found to be at 49108.59I£m for 10Gbps system and 3069.15I£m for 40Gbps system for the relative spacing (q0) of 529. It is seen that the collision can be avoided by increasing the soliton separation which is evident from 10 Gbps system, such that the collision length (Lcoll) is much greater than transmission length (LT).

Study on fundamental and higher order soliton with and without third-order dispersion near zero dispersion point of single mode fiber

In this work, we study the effect of fundamental and higher order soliton with and without the presence of third-order dispersion (TOD, β3). The effect is studied near the zero dispersion wavelength of 1270 nm with second-order dispersion (β2) value of 0.22 ps2/km for various third-order dispersion parameter sweeps from 0.01 to 0.1 ps3/km. The theme of temporal pulse displacement due to TOD is studied for 10 and 20 soliton periods for fundamental soliton and 10 soliton period for higher order soliton (N = 2). The effective pulse width of 1 ps (FWHM) is displaced from its original position to adjacent position depending upon the TOD value. It is found in both fundamental and higher order soliton, that the displacement in higher for TOD value of 0.1 ps3/km than 0.01 ps3/km. The effect of displaced fundamental soliton pulse is pictured with respect to the transmitted distance (different soliton period) and TOD. The spectral characteristics of higher order soliton is also analyzed which is one of the characteristic mechanisms for supercontinuum generation.

Combined influence of intrapulse Raman scattering and self-steepening effect on soliton interaction in 160 Gbps system

Here, we study the influence of Intra pulse Raman Scattering (IRS) and Self-Steepening (SS) effects on in-phase soliton pulses in 160 Gbps telecommunication system. With the initial spacing between soliton pulses chosen to be qo=5.28, the characteristics feature of soliton interaction is studied numerically by Perturbation theory. Secondly, the effect of higher order effects in shifting the soliton temporally is studied using Method of Moments. Finally the temporal shift caused by these higher order effects (Intrapulse Raman Scattering and Self Steepening) in preventing the soliton interaction at respective Interaction point (Ip) is realized in 160 Gbps telecommunication system and the results are characterized in terms of Q-factor.

Role of negative-third order dispersion, intrapulse Raman scattering and self steepening effect on soliton intra-channel interaction

Here, we demonstrate the combined influence of Intrapulse Raman Scattering (IRS), Self-Steepening (SS) and negative Third Order Dispersion (n-TOD) on soliton interaction. The peculiar particle nature of soliton results in interaction of in-phase adjacent pulses while helps in deviation of out-of phase pulses. We show how the interaction of the soliton can be avoided due to combined effect of IRS, SS and negative TOD as these effects apart from various nonlinear dynamics results in shifting of pulses. The interaction point of solitons in 160 Gbps system is found to be at 24.22Km for an initial relative spacing of qo=5.28 using Perturbation theory. This in-phase soliton pair tracing inside the fiber in noted using Split-Step Fourier Transform. Further, impact of interaction is realized in 160 Gbps telecommunication model which yielded Q=0 at Ip depicting perfect interaction resulting in bit error without influence while yielded fair Quality facto of 112.375, 124.59, 93.57, 75.12, 63.23 and 46.97 with influence for various TOD values of -0.03, -0.04, -0.05, -0.06, -0.07 and -0.09 ps3/Km and TR=4fs demonstrating no interaction.

Adaptive MAC Protocol with Effective TDMA Time-slot Assignment and CSMA Contention Window Adaptation for WSN

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have emerged to meet the multimedia requirements in new emerging applications. So it’s important for WSN to have an adaptive and energy-efficient TDMA-CSMA based MAC protocol which significantly reduces energy consumption of the network. Here, this study proposes an Adaptive MAC protocol with effective TDMA time-slot assignment and CSMA contention window adaptation for WSN. This approach mainly consists of two parts which are TDMA time-slot assignment and CSMA contention window adaptation. Through TDMA time-slot assignment it is possible for the receiver nodes to re-organize the timeslots among the sender nodes according to their accessible traffic load. Through CSMA contention window, the network can reduce the latency occurring between the nodes during the transmission.

Role of positive and negative third order dispersion (TOD) on soliton interaction in 160Gbps telecommunication system

In this paper, we analyze the influence of positive and negative third order dispersion (TOD) on soliton interaction. The peculiar nature of soliton as massive particle results in interaction of in-phase soliton, which has resulted in perfect collision in 160Gbps system at the interaction point, Ip = 2202.6Km within one collision period of Lcoll = 4405.2Km. The TOD normally helps in soliton shift from its initial position. We demonstrate how this shifting of TOD helps in preventing the interaction at 2202.6Km with an initial relative spacing and pulse width of in-phase soliton qo = 5.28 and 1.77ps, respectively. As the TOD has its influence near zero dispersion point of fiber, we choose the dispersion parameter of fiber as β2 = 0.22ps2/Km. On considering the positive and negative TOD, the interaction was prevented at Ip, which is characterized in terms of Q-value in a single channel telecommunication system. It is seen that for positive TOD with the values of β3 = 0.05 and 0.07ps3/Km, the system yielded the Q-value of 88.33 and 54.81, respectively, while for negative TOD with the values of β3 = −0.05 and β − 0.07ps3/Km, the Q was 84.47 and 38.25, respectively.

S-transform and ANFIS for detecting and classifying the vibration signals of induction motor

In this paper, a hybrid approach is proposed for detecting and classifying the vibration signal of induction motor. The proposed hybrid technique is the combination of S-transformation algorithm and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) method. Here, the proposed hybrid method contains two processes, such as, fault detection and classification process. Initially, the pre-processing is applied in the electric motor vibration signal. In the fault detection process, significant features from vibration signals are extracted through the S-transformation algorithm. Consequently, the ANFIS classification technique is employed to classify the signal into the faulty or the normal. The proposed hybrid technique is implemented in MATLAB working platform. The performance of the proposed hybrid technique is evaluated with five types of faulty vibration signals. The performance of the proposed hybrid method is compared with the existing method such as S-transform-RBFNN and S-transform-FFBNN. Analyze these methods with the help of statistical measures such as, accuracy, sensitivity and specificity value.

Performance Analysis of Wavelet Packet Transform Based De-Noising Receiver for Visible Light Communication by Using Single Source

In this paper, wavelet packet transform (WPT) based de-noising receiver for visible-light communication (VLC) using a white light-emitting diode (LED) is studied for indoor applications such as short distance wireless connectivity, optical wireless local area network, and optical wireless input / output control devise (remote control). Previously, reported discrete wavelet transform based de-noising for indoor optical wireless communication; here we considered wavelet packet transform based de-noising technique. The process starts with the evaluation of the performance of de-noising receiver by calculating the received optical power, signal noise ratio (SNR), path loss and bit error rate (BER). Throughout the simulation results, the SNR performance is inversely proportional to the distance. Analytical study of SNR for VLC system without de-noising for indoor applications has been studied. In this paper de-noising technique is considered for reduction of noise. The DWPT based de-noising receiver, with a single source improves the SNR performance approximately by 2% compared to the one without de-noising receiver.