K. El Rhazi

Prevalence of obesity and associated sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in Morocco

OBJECTIVE In Morocco, the association between obesity/overweight and socio-demographic and lifestyle factors is poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate this association in a representative sample of the Moroccan population aged 18 years and above. DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire including demographic, socio-economic and physical activity items. Height and weight were measured and BMI was computed. The association between obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) or overweight (25.0 ≤ BMI < 29.9 kg/m2) and the other variables was analysed using multiple binomial logistic regression, separately in men and women. SETTING The whole Moroccan territory. SUBJECTS A total of 2891 subjects took part in the survey (1430 men and 1461 women). RESULTS The prevalence of obesity was 20.9 % in women and 6.0 % in men (P < 0.0001). The prevalence of overweight was 32.9 % in women v. 26.8 % in men (P < 0.0001). In women, the risk of obesity and overweight increased with age, with the highest risk being in individuals aged 45-54 years (OR = 3.02, 95 % CI 2.06, 4.44) compared to individuals <35 years old. Married women were more prone to obesity and overweight (OR = 2.42, 95 % CI 1.50, 3.91) than single women. In men, the risk of obesity and overweight increased with average family income (OR = 2.62, 95 % CI 1.40, 4.87 for family income ≥5000 MAD/month compared to <2000 MAD/month) and in married persons (OR = 3.75, 95 % CI 1.78, 7.81) compared to single individuals. CONCLUSIONS These results contribute to target groups in whom prevention programmes could be implemented.

Difficultés de l'adaptation transculturelle des échelles de mesure en santé dans les pays du sud: exemple de la validation du St-George Respiratory Questionnaire au Maroc

BACKGROUND In developing countries, quality of life (QoL) is becoming an increasingly relevant question. The use, in these countries, of the validated English scales could resolve an important problem of a lack of QoL tools noted in southern countries. However, this approach raises methodological problems of cross-cultural adaptation. This paper underlines the principal difficulties related to cross-cultural adaptation of QoL measurement scales based on the example of St-George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) translation from English to the Moroccan Arabic language. METHODS The SGRQ, initially designed in English, was translated into dialectical Arabic by four translators following the recommended stages of translation and cultural adaptation: translation with conceptual and linguistic evaluation, back translation, comparison of the source and target versions and verification of the new instrument. RESULTS During this cross-cultural adaptation process, some items were modified to adapt the original questionnaire to the Moroccan culture. Because of the great diversity of the Moroccan dialectal language, some words were, sometimes, translated into two or more equivalents which were put in the brackets in the final version of the SGRQ(m). Some questions were not applicable to all the Moroccan population such as a question about sports that did not concern women. On the other hand, some questions involving the same items posed differently in different dimensions, gave rise to confusion or the impression of repetition in the Moroccan Arabic version. CONCLUSION The cross-cultural adaptation process, even if carried out in a rigorous way, does not always lead to the best target version and suggests it would be useful to develop new scales specific to each culture and at the same time, to think about the Trans cultural adaptation.

Évaluation de la qualité du dossier du patient au CHU Hassan-II de Fès : cas d’un service de médecine

The objective of this study was to assess the quality of patient records in the department of respiratory diseases in Hassan II university hospital. A retrospective audit based on a grid of 47 criteria was applied on a random sample of 50 hospitalizations between the first June and the 31 November 2008. A third of records have not been found. The global quality varied between 3% and 96%. The socio-demographic information has been documented in more than half of cases, except for the address, telephone number and health insurance found in respectively 15%, 35% and 32% of cases. The clinical information was noted in all cases audited. In conclusion, this audit shows that the medical records can synthesize partially the during hospitalization but did not respond to its role as a monitoring tool and support for research.

Profil épidémiologique des patients adultes diabétiques type 2 pris en charge en consultation de médecine générale

50 centres de médecine générale, appariés aux cas sur l’âge, le sexe, la région t la date index. Les données sur l’exposition médicamenteuse, les facteurs e risque sociodémographiques et comportementaux et les comorbidités sont ecueillis grâce à une interview structurée et standardisée et aux dossiers des édecins traitants. Des odds ratios ajustés sur les comorbidités, facteurs de isque et utilisation du système de santé ont été calculés. ésultats.– Sept cent cinq cas de 21 à 75 ans de primo-IDM non traités par antigrégants plaquettaires (aspirine inclus) et 1479 témoins appariés recrutés entre ars 2007 et novembre 2008 ont été analysés. Le diclofenac et le piroxicam sont ssociés à un OR ajusté de 1,4 (0,7 ; 2,8) et 1,7 (0,7 ; 3,7) respectivement en utiisation récente, ce qui est cohérent avec la littérature ; leur utilisation chronique st associée à une apparente augmentation du risque cardiaque (OR = 1,7 [0,8 ; ,8] et 1,7 [0,7 ; 3,7] respectivement). Le kétoprofène semble avoir un effet proecteur en utilisation récente (0,8 [0,4 ; 1,6]) ou chronique (0,7 [0,3 ; 1,6]) et le isque semble augmenter à son arrêt (1,1 [0,7 ; 1,7]). Les autres AINS montrent es OR proches de l’unité dans toutes les analyses. onclusion.– Les AINS traditionnels se comportent différemment sur le risque ardiaque. Arrêter le kétoprofène chez un utilisateur chronique peut résulter en ne augmentation du risque d’IDM.