K.R. Sankaran

Design, synthesis, computational calculation and biological evaluation of some novel 2-thiazolyl hydrazones.

In the present study a novel series of 1-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethylidene)-2-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)hydrazine 2a and its derivatives 2b-2f have been synthesized by the cyclization of 1-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide with 2-bromoacetophenone/ 4-substituted 2-bromoacetophenones. The structures of the synthesized thiazolyl hydrazones 2a-2f were characterized by FT-IR, (1)H, (13)C NMR, 2D NMR and mass spectral techniques. The molecular geometries were also investigated theoretically using B3LYP functional with 6-311G(d,p) basis set. To explain the molecular properties energy gap (Eg), electronegativity (χ), hardness (g), electrophilicity (ω) and softness (S) were computed, natural bonding orbital (NBO) analysis and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) were also performed at the same level of theory. All the synthesized thiazolyl hydrazones 2a-2f were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against selected bacterial and fungal strains. The results showed that the heterocyclic thiazolyl hydrazone derivatives exhibit a promising selective inhibitory activity against various bacterial and fungal strains.

A combined experimental and DFT study of a novel unsymmetrical azine 2-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-1-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl) ethylidene) hydrazine

A novel unsymmetrical azine 2-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-1-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl) ethylidene) hydrazine (UA) was prepared and characterized by IR, (1)H and (13)C NMR spectral studies. A 2D - potential energy scan (PES) of p-isobutylacetophenone (IBAP) was the portal to the conformational analysis of UA by density functional theory (DFT) methods using 6-31G(d,p) basis set by Gaussian 03 program. The theoretical IR frequencies were found to be in good agreement with the experimental values. The IR frequencies of UA were analyzed by means of Potential energy Distribution (PED %) calculation using Vibrational Energy Distribution Analysis (VEDA 4) program. The experimental NMR chemical shift values of UA were compared with the theoretical values obtained by DFT method. Nonlinear optical behavior of the unsymmetrical azine is also examined by the theoretically predicted values of dipole moment (μ), polarizability (α0) and first hyperpolarizability (βtot). Stability of the UA molecule has been analyzed using NBO analysis. The electrochemistry of UA studied experimentally by cyclic voltammetry is complemented by the computational analysis of the anionic form of the molecule UA. The determination of various global and local reactivity descriptors in the context of chemical reactivity is also performed and the electrophilicity at the vital atomic sites in UA is revealed. Baders Atoms in molecules (AIM) theory of UA indicated the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the molecule. The molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and HOMO-LUMO orbital analysis are also performed for the molecule UA.

Synthesis, spectral, SHG efficiency and computational studies of some newly synthesized unsymmetrical azines of 4-biphenylcarboxaldehyde.

A series of novel unsymmetrical azines 2-8 are prepared and characterized by FT-IR, (1)H, (13)C NMR, Mass and UV spectral studies. The Gaussian-03 B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) calculations on these azines are used to evaluate the heat of formation of the different conformers, identify the stable conformation, to determine dipole moment (μ), polarizability (α0), first hyperpolarizability (βtot), selected geometrical parameters, MEP surface, frontier molecular orbital energies (HOMO-LUMO) and their energy gap. The μ, α0, βtot values clearly depict that the unsymmetrical azine 8 is found to have a good NLO property compared to other azines 1-7. The SHG measurement of unsymmetrical azine 8 was performed by Kurtz and Perry powder method and the results indicated that the azine 8 is having comparable efficiency as that of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal. The natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis of the unsymmetrical azines 2-8 are also made using B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) basis set.

Steric effect is a decisive factor on the orientation preference of guest into host: evidence from 5-indanol/β-CD model

The present study evidences the role of steric effect in the orientation preference of guest into host using the 1:1 inclusion complex of 5-indanol/β-CD model. Two different orientations of guest (5-indanol) into host (β-CD) are considered for the inclusion of 5-indanol into the cavity through the 2° rim of β-CD. The energy differences in the inclusion process are calculated using PM3 semi-empirical method and HF/6-31G** basis set. By the investigation of stabilisation energies, it is found that the energy of both orientations increases to maximum value due to the increase of steric repulsive effect when the crowding of bulky group of 5-indanol occurs at 1° or 2° rim of β-CD. On comparing the fluorescence spectral data of 5-indanol:β-CD complex and 2-napthol:β-CD complex, it is observed that the steric effect is intensified due to the presence of bulky group.

Spectral and conformational studies on 3-pyridinealdazine by DFT approach

3-Pyridinealdazine was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, (1)H, (13)C NMR and mass spectroscopy. The conformations of azine was determined theoretically besides selected geometrical parameters, HOMO-LUMO energies, polarizability, hyperpolarizability, natural bond orbital (NBO), atomic charges, Mulliken charges and atom in molecule (AIM) analysis were also calculated. The optimized geometry of the symmetrical azine, HOMO-LUMO and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface were also evaluated using B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) basis set. (13)C NMR data were also computed using Gaussian-03 package and compared with the observed values according to density functional theory (DFT) method and analyzed.