Kalyani Prusty

Nano CaCO3 imprinted starch hybrid polyethylhexylacrylate\polyvinylalcohol nanocomposite thin films

Starch hybrid polyethylhexylacrylate (PEHA)/polyvinylalcohol (PVA) nanocomposite thin films are prepared by different composition of nano CaCO3 in aqueous medium. The chemical interaction of nano CaCO3 with PEHA in presence of starch and PVA is investigated by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used in order to study the change in crystallite size and d-spacing during the formation of nanocomposite thin film. The surface morphology of nanofilms is studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The topology and surface roughness of the films is noticed by atomic force microscope (AFM). The tensile strength, thermal stability and thermal conductivity of films are increased with increase in concentrations of CaCO3 nanopowder. The chemical resistance and biodegradable properties of the nanocomposite thin films are also investigated. The growth of bacteria and fungi in starch hybrid PEHA film is reduced substantially with imprint of nano CaCO3.

Nano silver decorated polyacrylamide/dextran nanohydrogels hybrid composites for drug delivery applications

Herein, novel biodegradable, stimuli responsive, chemically cross-linked and porous polyacrylamide/dextran (PAM/D) nanohydrogels hybrid composites are synthesized by in situ polymerization technique with incorporation of reduced nano silver. The interaction of nano silver with PAM in presence of dextran is investigated by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The elemental composition of the hybrid nanohydrogels is studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) whereas; the surface morphology of nanohydrogels hybrid composites is studied by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) by which, it is observed that, the silver nanoparticles are homogeneously dispersed throughout the nanohydrogel network. From high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), the average size of silver nanoparticles is found to be 20nm. The swelling, deswelling and water retention properties of nanohydrogels hybrid composites are measured in order to investigate the release rate of the ornidazole drugs. The in vitro release rate of ornidazole drugs is found to be 98.5% in 6h. The antibacterial activities and the cytotoxicity tests along with positive and negative control of hybrid nanohydrogels are investigated. The loss modulus, gain modulus and complex viscosities are determined from rheological behaviour of the nanohydrogels. It is found that, the value of tanδ varies from 0.1 to 0.8. Nano silver decorated PAM/D nanohydrogels are stable, nontoxic with antibacterial behaviour may be suitable for drugs delivery vehicle.

Chitosan-Based Bionanocomposite for Packaging Applications

Concerns on environmental waste problems caused by non-biodegradable petrochemical-based plastic packaging materials as well as the consumers demand for high-quality food products have caused an increasing interest in developing biodegradable packaging materials like polysaccharides. Out of these polysaccharides, Chitosan has created its greater interest due to non-toxic, antibacterial behaviour, film-forming abilities and low permeability to oxygen, poor thermal and mechanical properties restricted its wide spread applications for packaging. However, reinforcement of various nanostructured materials shall increase the mechanical, thermal and gas barrier properties of chitosan without disturbing the biodegradable behaviour. This chapter summarizes different characterization techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of chitosan-based bionanocomposites. For keeping on the packaging applications of the materials, the important properties such as thermal and mechanical gas barrier and antimicrobial properties of chitosan-based bionanocomposites are discussed. The main focus of this chapter is to establish the packaging applications of chitosan-based bionanocomposites.

Biomedical applications of acrylic-based nanohydrogels

AbstractMaterials having the ability to hold water within the voids of acrylic-based polymeric chain are special class materials used for biomedical applications. In the present review, the different therapeutic applications such as drug diffusivity, tissue engineering, gene delivery and pharmaceutical applications of various poly (acrylic acid) hydrogels and nanohydrogels are discussed. Several techniques for the preparation of different nanohydrogels are compared. The Fourier Transform Infrared, X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy, 1H-NMR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are discussed for the characterization of nanohydrogels. The swelling, mechanical, and rheological properties of nanohydrogels are also described. The combined accounts of preparation, characterization and properties of nanohydrogels along with the description of various biomedical applications may explore an emerging idea in the area of material sciences.

Nanostructured chitosan composites for cancer therapy: A review

ABSTRACT The unique characteristics of nanostructured chitosan composites provide a higher affinity for negatively charged biological site-specific targeting in delivery of drugs. The therapeutic applications of nanostructured chitosan composites in various types of cancers such as melanoma cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, metastatic cancer, and prostate cancer are focused. Herein, nanostructured chitosan composites are potential vehicles for controlled drug release of drug. The therapeutic applications of nanostructured chitosan in safe delivery of cancer drugs in the present review may explore a new dimension in the area of biomedical applications of chitosan derivatives. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Starch Based Rubber Nanocomposites

Starch is a popular natural biodegradable polymer which has created a special feature for rubber nanocomposite due to their biodegradable, renewable and biocompatible nature. In this chapter, we focus the various techniques for preparation of rubber nanocomposite are compared. The characterization techniques of starch based rubber are discussed. He thermal, biodegradation rheology and mechanical properties of starch based rubber are explained from existing literature. This chapter may open a window to explore the idea of starch based bio-rubbers in various industrial applications.

Nanocellulose as a template for the production of advanced nanostructured material

Cellulose is a well-known natural biopolymer that has created a special interest for production of nanomaterials through biotemplating. This technique has promising applications because of achieving better control over nanostructured materials. Metal, metal oxide, and metal chloride nanoparticles are prepared in cellulose templates with control particle size by surfactants. In this chapter, we focus on techniques of preparation of various nanoparticles with the help of cellulosic template through biomineralization. Different characterization methods are included in order to identify and grow nanoparticles with cellulose template. The study of the present chapter may explore a versatile support for production of nanomaterials from cellulose.