Kamil Joszko

Statistical Analysis of Cranial Measurements - Determination of Indices for Assessing Skull Shape in Patients with Isolated Craniosynostosis

This paper presents a morphological analysis of the skull shape in infants under one year of age. Three-dimensional measurements were performed on models generated from images in Mimics software. Subsequently, a multivariate statistical analysis of the measured dimensions was performed to determine key indicators of the skull shape. Eventually it was developed the norms of skull indices for children up to one year of age. Regular values of these indices were compared with abnormal values measured in patients with isolated craniosynostosis. With the use of these indices it is possible to perform a quantitative evaluation of head deformity.

Biomechanical analysis of injuries of rally driver with head supporting device

PURPOSE The aim of the study was to develop and verify a model of rally driver with a safety system HANS (head supporting device), which will enable biomechanical analysis of injuries in rally accident. METHODS Simulations were carried out in Madymo® software, the results of which were verified based on sled test performed in the Automotive Industry Institute (PIMOT) in Warsaw. The model being verified allowed us to perform a multivariate simulation of rally accident in terms of assessing effectiveness of protection and usefulness of HANS system. RESULTS Acceleration waveforms of the head and chest were obtained from numerical experiment and also forces and moments occurring in the upper cervical spine. The results obtained allowed driver injuries to be analyzed based on injury criteria of the head and neck: HIC15, NTE, NTF, NCE and NCF. CONCLUSIONS The analysis enabled assessment of the driver safety while using 4 and 5 point harness with HANS system. In further studies the model developed was used to identify factors affecting the safety of a rally driver.

Numerical Analysis of Blood Flow Through Artery with Elastic Wall of a Vessel

The main objective of the work was to prepare the analysis of blood flow through the arteries taking into account the mechanical properties of the vessel wall. The mechanical properties of the specimens were determined using a testing machine MTS Insight 2, and digital image correlation (DIC). The developed numerical model allowed the assessment of the state of stress and deformation of the walls while the blood flow through the physiologically correct aorta.

Development of New Testing Method of Mechanical Properties of Porcine Coronary Arteries

This study aims to develop a testing methodology enabling the determination of mechanical properties of coronary arteries based on the example of porcine arteries using the MTS Insight 2 strength testing machine and digital image correlation (DIC). The conducted ballooning strength tests and static tensile tests revealed linear dependence between longitudinal and transverse strain of the arteries. The test results presented enable the evaluation and identification of the mechanical properties of porcine coronary arteries as well as prediction of the risk of the coronary artery rupture in the planned angioplasty and stent implantation procedures.

Risk Factors Influencing Lower Limbs Injuries During IED Blast

Improvised explosive device IED attack becomes main reason of casualties among coalition soldiers during military missions in Afghanistan and Iraq. In under-belly explosion scenario the most exposed on blast effects body part is leg. The aim of studies presented in this paper has been indication of factors enhancing lower leg injury risk during IDE attack. Model of soldier in KTO Rosomak (Polish army wheeled armoured vehicle) crew compartment created in Madymo software has been used for research. Results of simulations has been analysed and injury criteria has been determined.

Analysis of Various Factors Impact on Safety of Armored Vehicle Crew During an IED Explosion

Numerical modeling of an IED explosion under an armored vehicle is one of the primary methods of the evaluation of the vehicle crew safety. In the presented paper the authors use numerical models to assess the influence of acceleration pulse on the soldier’s body. This work focuses on the ergonomic aspects of the crew compartment. Simulations show the differences in injury levels depending on various factors e.g. the location of an explosion which changes the direction of load. The simulations results include the injury criteria and kinematics of the soldier’s body. The outcomes enabled the determination of factors and elements of the compartment which can be dangerous for soldiers.

Comparison of Rally Car and Passenger Car Safety Systems

Safety systems in rally car are quite different than systems in passenger car. Differences arise from various factors including usage specifics and vehicles construction. In this paper authors presents comparison of conventional and rally safety systems. The basis parameters for evaluation were injury criteria determined for driver during frontal crash. For research authors used models developed in Madymo software. Results allowed to identify differences between common car and rally safety systems.

Impact of Vessel Mechanical Properties on Hemodynamic Parameters of Blood Flow

The main purpose of this work was the analysis of the impact of mechanical properties of blood vessels on the alteration of hemodynamic parameters of blood. Within the framework of this research strength tests of blood vessels were conducted, which aimed to determine mechanical properties by means of a static tensile test and a system of Digital Image Correlation (mDIC). The tests were performed using static strength testing machine MTS Insight 2. Subsequently, on the basis of computer tomography (CT) images, two numerical models of blood vessels were formulated in the Ansys CFX software programme. The first model does not take into consideration the changes of the artery geometry, while in the second model the vessel walls were modelled as deformable elements having preset mechanical properties. The developed numerical models enabled the assessment of the hemodynamic parameters as well as the state of stress and deformation of the walls during the blood flow through the vessel.

Determination of the number and frequency of the steps for gait with elbow crutches based on a crutch acceleration

Gait is one of the basic and most important forms of human locomotion. Gait can be described by parameters such as: speed, step length, stepping rate, ground reaction force values. One way to determine these parameters is analysis of acceleration of selected body segments. There are not many algorithms in the literature that could be used to analyze gait with the elbow crutches. Accordingly, an algorithm should be developed to determine, for example, the frequency and number of steps based on the crutch acceleration. In the following study, signal from IMU sensor located on elbow crutch was used to determine the parameters. The algorithm based on double filtration of recorded acceleration and peak detections from obtained signal. Results were compared and correlated with MVN Biomech motion capture system (high accuracy system). The discussion chapter considers uncertainty of the measuring methodology and the possibilities of using the designed system.