Kamil Seyrek

Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharide and herbal essential oil blend supplementation on performance and oxidative stability of eggs and liver in laying hens

The role of dietary supplemental mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) and an essential oil blend (EOB) on performance of laying hens, and susceptibility of egg yolk and hen liver to lipid oxidation were examined. Four hundred and thirty-two 52-week old Lohmann laying hens were divided into three groups and fed a basal diet containing no antioxidant as control (CNT), basal diet plus 1 g/kg MOS and basal diet with 24 mg/kg EOB, for a 10-week experimental period. Supplementation of diet with MOS and EOB improved egg production rate and eggshell weight, but did not influence other performance or egg quality traits. MOS and EOB provided higher antioxidant activity in egg yolk than the control regimen at all storage time periods. EOB also retained the oxidative stability of liver by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Liver antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px), were higher in birds fed the additives. MOS and EOB tended to increase serum glucose concentration (6.2% and 8.8%, respectively) while they slightly decreased triglycerides (11.0% and 4.8%, respectively) without affecting cholesterol level. Relative weight of pancreas and spleen were not affected by dietary treatments whereas diet supplemented with EOB significantly increased liver weight. The findings of this study suggest that EOB and MOS could act as free radical scavengers that enhance performance and also increase eggshell weight.

Serum and hair levels of zinc and other elements in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

The aim of this study was to determine the zinc, iron, copper, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium levels in blood serum and zinc and copper levels in hair of dogs with canine visceral leishmaniasis. The serum zinc and iron levels were found to be significantly lower in diseased dogs than those of healthy controls. Serum copper levels were significantly higher, whereas no significant differences were observed for calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. There were no significant differences in the zinc and copper levels in hair. Our results show that the serum zinc, iron, and copper levels are altered in canine leishmaniasis.

Comparison of pre-treatment and post-treatment use of selenium in retinal ischemia reperfusion injury

AIM To investigate the effects of selenium in rat retinal ischemia reperfusion (IR) model and compare pre-treatment and post-treatment use. METHODS Selenium pre-treatment group (n=8) was treated with intraperitoneal (i.p.) selenium 0.5 mg/kg for 7d and terminated 24h after the IR injury. Selenium post-treatment group (n=8) was treated with i.p. selenium 0.5 mg/kg for 7d after the IR injury with termination at the end of the 7d period. Sham group (n=8) received i.p. saline injections identical to the selenium volume for 7d with termination 24h after the IR injury. Control group (n=8) received no intervention. Main outcome measures were retina superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA), DNA fragmentation levels, and immunohistological apoptosis evaluation. RESULTS Compared to the Sham group, selenium pre-treatment had a statistical difference in all parameters except SOD. Post-treatment selenium also resulted in statistical differences in all parameters except the MDA levels. When comparing selenium groups, the pre-treatment selenium group had a statistically higher success in reduction of markers of cell damage such as MDA and DNA fragmentation. In contrast, the post-selenium treatment group had resulted in statistically higher levels of GSH. Histologically both selenium groups succeeded to limit retinal thickening and apoptosis. Pre-treatment use was statistically more successful in decreasing apoptosis in ganglion cell layer compared to post-treatment use. CONCLUSION Selenium was successful in retinal protection in IR injuries. Pre-treatment efficacy was superior in terms of prevention of tissue damage and apoptosis.

Selenium Protects Retinal Cells from Cisplatin-Induced Alterations in Carbohydrate Residues.

BACKGROUND Investigate alterations in the expression and localization of carbohydrate units in rat retinal cells exposed to cisplatin toxicity. AIMS The aim of the study was to evaluate putative protective effects of selenium on retinal cells subjected to cisplatin. STUDY DESIGN Animal experiment. METHODS Eighteen healthy Wistar rats were divided into three equal groups: 1. Control, 2. Cisplatin and 3. Cisplatin+selenium groups. After anesthesia, the right eye of each rat was enucleated. RESULTS Histochemically, retinal cells of control groups reacted with α-2,3-bound sialic acid-specific Maackia amurensis lectin (MAA) strongly, while cisplatin reduced the staining intensity for MAA. However, selenium administration alleviated the reducing effect of cisplatin on the binding sites for MAA in retinal cells. The staining intensity for N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc residues) specific Griffonia simplicifolia-1 (GSL-1) was relatively slight in control animals and cisplatin reduced this slight staining for GSL-1 further. Selenium administration mitigated the reducing effect of cisplatin on the binding sites for GSL-1. A diffuse staining for N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) specific wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) was observed throughout the retina of the control animals. In particular, cells localized in the inner plexiform and photoreceptor layers are reacted strongly with WGA. Compared to the control animals, binding sites for WGA in the retina of rats given cisplatin were remarkably decreased. However, the retinal cells of rats given selenium reacted strongly with WGA. CONCLUSION Cisplatin reduces α-2,3-bound sialic acid, GlcNAc and GalNAc residues in certain retinal cells. However, selenium alleviates the reducing effect of cisplatin on carbohydrate residues in retinal cells.

Efficacy of Supplemental Natural Zeolite in Broiler Chickens Subjected to Dietary Calcium Deficiency

Natural zeolite, or sodium aluminosilicate, influences calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) utilisation in chicks. A 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments was used to investigate the effect of dietary Ca (recommended and below recommended levels) and zeolite (0 and 0.8%) on growth, plasma, tibia and faeces in chickens from 1 to 42 days of age. Zeolite supplementation did not affect overall body weight (BW) gain, feed intake (FI) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) of broiler chickens (P>0.05). Overall mortality of zeolite-fed chickens was lower than in untreated ones (P<0.01). Reduction of dietary Ca of approximately 10 to 18% decreased (P<0.05) BW at 14 and 42 days of age in association with reduced FI, but overall FCR was unchanged. Serum protein and sodium constituents were reduced in birds fed zeolite (P<0.05). Decreasing dietary Ca level increased (P<0.01) serum, total protein and glucose concentrations, but decreased Ca level. Zeolite decreased bone ash in birds fed a Ca-deficient diet while increased faecal excretion of ash, Ca, P and aluminum. However, zeolite increased tibia weight (P<0.05) and thickness (P<0.01). No significant response (P>0.05) in relative weight and gross lesion scores of liver or footpad lesion scores was found related to changes in dietary regimens. The results of the present study do not corroborate the hypothesis that the effectiveness of zeolite may be improved in Ca-deficient diets in association with its ion exchange capability.

Lycopene Ameliorates Experimental Colitis in Rats via Reducing Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disorder involving colitis. Lycopene is a naturally occurring carotenoid that has attracted considerable attention as a potential chemopreventive agent. The impact of lycopene on colitis is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of lycopene in a rat model of colitis induced by acetic acid. The animals were randomly divided into the following five groups: the control group, colitis group, colitis + sulfasalazine group as a positive control group, colitis + lycopene and lycopene groups. Colonic mucosal injury was assessed by biochemical and histopathological examinations. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant status (TAS), ceruloplasmin (CPN), total sialic acid and iron (Fe) levels were evaluated in blood samples. MDA, SOD, TAS and DNA fragmentation levels were also measured in colon tissues. MDA (p < 0.05), total sialic acid (p < 0.05) and DNA fragmentation levels (p < 0.01) were significantly higher, and the activity of the antioxidant enzyme were lower in the colitis group than in the control group. Treatments with lycopene in the colitis decreased MDA, total sialic acid and DNA fragmentation levels, while SOD activity (p < 0.05), TAS (in colon p < 0.05; in serum p < 0.01), CPN (p < 0.05) and Fe levels (p < 0.05) were significantly increased. The histopathological evaluation also confirmed the foregoing findings. Treatment with lycopene ameliorated the biochemical and pathological alterations caused by colitis. The results obtained in this study indicate that lycopene may exert protective effects in experimental colitis and might, therefore, be useful for treatment of IBD.

The effects of vincristine sulfate on expression of galectin-3, Bcl-2, and carbohydrate structures specific for EEL, GSL-1, and RCA-1 lectins in bitches with naturally occurring canine transmissible venereal tumor

Musa Özgür ÖZYİĞİT*, Deniz NAK, Hasan AKŞİT, Sevda İNAN ÖZTÜRKOĞLU, Gözde ŞİMŞEK, Ender UZABACI, Yavuz NAK, Kamil SEYREK Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludağ University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludağ University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludağ University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey

Expression and Localization of N acetyl glucosamine in diabetic rats

AMAC: Bu calismada diabetik ratlarda dis eti dokusu gingiva da WGA Lektinin lokalizasyonu ve ekspresyonunun arastirilmasi amaclandi. YONTEMLER: Toplam 20 adet Wistar disi sican iki gruba ayrildi ve incelendi. 10 adet sican kontrol grubu olarak secilirken kalan 10 adet sican ise diyabetik deney grubu olarak calisildi. Yirmi bir gunluk deney suresinden sonra sicanlar dekapitasyon yontemi ile olduruldu. Dis eti dokusundan 6 μm inceligindeki kriostat kesitler alindi. Gruplar N-Asetil Glikozamin’e spesifik (WGA Triticum vulgaris agglutinin) lektini kullanilarak histokimyasal olarak incelendi. BULGULAR: Calismamizda WGA kullanilarak yapilan boyamalarda, her iki gruptada boyanmanin gerceklestigi ve kontrol grubunda boyanma deney grubundakilerine oranla daha fazla oldugu gorulmustur. SONUC: Dis eti kas dokusunda bulunan glikoproteinlerin N asetil glikozamin unitelerine spesifik lektinle yapilan histokimyasal boyamalar sonucunda diabetli dokularda; kontrollere gore N asetil glikozamin unitelerine baglanmanin daha dusuk oldugu goruldu.