Kamilia Kamardin

Design, implementation and performance of ultra-wideband textile antenna

Communication technology is increasingly pervading everyday life. The rapid progress in wireless communication besides the increasing interest in wearable antennas and electronics in civil, medical, sport wear and military domains promises to replace wired- communication networks in the near future in which antennas are in more important role. Recently, there has been growing interest in the antenna community to merge between wearable systems technology, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology and textile technology. All these together have resulted in demand for ∞exible fabric antennas, which can be easily attached to a piece of clothing. In this paper, three difierent structures of UWB antennas using clothing materials and suitable for wearable application were fabricated and presented. The substrate of the designed antennas was made from jeans textile material, while radiating element and ground plane are made out of copper tape. The operating frequency of all three designs is between 3GHz and 12GHz. Measured results are compared with simulations and good agreement was observed.

FRACTAL KOCH MULTIBAND TEXTILE ANTENNA PERFORMANCE WITH BENDING, WET CONDITIONS AND ON THE HUMAN BODY

A multiband Fractal Koch dipole textile antenna is proposed for wearable applications. The antenna is designed to operate at 0.9GHz, 2.45GHz and 5.8GHz. Denim materials as the substrate are selected aiming to obtain robustness, ∞exibility and a lightweight textile antenna. The antenna model is designed, simulated, optimized and analyzed using Microwave Studio CST software. Two types of multiband antenna prototypes are fabricated and evaluated with difierent conducting elements (Shield It fabric and copper foil tape). Antenna performance is observed in terms of return loss, bandwidth, radiation pattern and realized gain. Three difierent comprehensive analyses are taken into consideration: measurement antenna with difierent bending sizes, on-body measurement and under wet conditions. The antenna performances are evaluated based on resonant frequency (fo) and bandwidth (BW). The antennas performance with bending on the human body (arm & forearm) is compared and investigated. A suitable placement on the body has been discovered between the chest and backside. The antennas have also been tested under wet conditions to ensure a stable characteristic under the in∞uence of water.

Textile waveguide sheet with Artificial Magnetic Conductor structures for body centric wireless communication

This paper presented a textile sheet-like waveguide that incorporates Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) structures. The aim is to investigate the possibility of a textile conformal waveguide in improving transmission between antennas when placed beneath them. Investigations were carried for small and belly size AMC waveguide sheets made of denim fabric. Both of the waveguide sheets exhibit promising results with S21 transmission of approximately -10dB at 5.8GHz resonant frequency. Transmission between two dipoles was enhanced with the introduction of AMC waveguide due to its inphase reflection characteristic. Promising results give future possibilities for practical realization of conformal AMC waveguide jacket made purely of textiles.

Wetness experiment for compact CPW-fed ultra wideband antenna using textile material

The design of coplanar waveguide-fed ultrawide-band antenna with elliptical structure is presented that will cover from 1.6GHz to 13.5 GHz frequency band. Denim material have been selected as the substrate of textile antenna due to its thickness and permittivity. Different conducting part of antenna; copper tape and Shieldit fabric are compared and analyzed to evaluate the performance of antenna with different conducting material. The wetness experiment is required to investigate the performance of antenna in wet condition. The result of return loss will describe the performance of antenna in wet condition in this experiment.

Enhancing efficiency of protein functional prediction through association network using greedy weighting method

Background: In spite of the significant data surrounding complex gene networks including gene function, the occurrence of huge redundancy affects the efficiency. Objective: This work proposes a mining method to reduce the number of redundant nodes in a composite weighted network. Method: The idea is to eliminate the redundancies of nodes via a hybrid approach, i.e. the integration of multiple functional association networks using a Greedy Algorithm. This is achieved by mining the gene function from weighted gene co-expression networks based on neighbor similarity, as per the available datasets. Subsequently, Linear Regression and Greedy Algorithm are applied simultaneously for exclusion of the redundant nodes. Then, assigning the indexing rates for the remaining nodes in the dataset further assists the process. Results and Conclusion: In comparison with other well-known algorithms, this method is 93% more efficient, as per three selected benchmarks.

Planar Textile Antenna for Body Centric Wireless Communication System

One of the most important aspects for body centric communication is the development of the textile antenna for on-body communication. Antennas for on-body environment usually suffer performance degradation caused by the human body. Apart from that, textile antenna gets easily bent, flexed, wrinkled or wet. This paper presents an investigation on three different designs and types of planar antennas, which are single band textile dipole antenna, fractal Koch multiband dipole antenna and monopole ultra wide band antennas. The performance of the antennas has been evaluated in terms of bending, wetness condition and on-body simulation. The results show that the bending effect is not critical in free space for the planar antennas, but the performance is notably degraded under wet condition while the antenna reflection coefficient is shifted when placed on the human body.

Printed dipole with slot EBG structures with Artificial Magnetic Conductor and band-notched behaviours

This paper presented a printed dipole with slot Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) that has both Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) and band-notched performances. Compared to a reference square patch EBG, printed dipole with slot EBG exhibits band-notched behaviour at the out-of-band frequency with 10dB maximum suppression. The antenna maintains a peak gain of 8dB at 2.4GHz resonance due to High Impedance Surface (HIS) feature. Initial investigation for a tunable notch band was also explored. Promising results give future possibilities for practical tuning with varactor diodes.

On-Body Transmission Single-Band Diamond Dipole Antenna with Waveguide Jacket

With the rapid growth of communications via the Internet, the need for an effective firewall system which has not badly affect the overall network performances has been increased. In this paper, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) -based firewall system with high performance has been implemented using Network FPGA (NetFPGA) with Xilinx Kintex-7 XC7K325T FPGA. Based on NetFPGA reference router project, a NetFPGA-based firewall system was implemented. The hardware module performs rule matching operation using content addressable memory (CAM) for higher speed data processing. To evaluate system performance, throughput, latency, and memory utilization were measured for different cases using different tools, also the number of rules that an incoming packet is subjected to was varied to get more readings using both software and hardware features. The results showed that the designed firewall system provides better performance than traditional firewalls. System throughput was doubled times of the one with Linux-Iptables firewalls.

A study of authentication protocols for security of mobile RFID (M-RFID) system

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) uses electromagnetic fields for wireless communication that automatically recognized target devices with no physical interaction with the purpose of information transmission. The RFID system composed of transponder or tag, interrogator and back-end host system. The services of mobile RFID (M-RFID) networks can be setup by consolidating with current wireless networking for mobile devices and RFID networks whereby these services are aiming for individual and private users using Mobile smart phone or PDA. Even though these systems have the benefits of RFID and mobile technology, it also promotes crucial security and privacy issues. M-RFID inherits all issues that exist in the traditional RFID system, for example, replay attack, denial of service, spoofing, traceability and impersonation. However the severity of these issues intensifies because M-RFID reader is used in the wireless environment with agility in movement and greater scanning zone. Therefore, many security protocols developed to support the security and privacy problems arise in M-RFID systems. Among the famous security protocol for the system is the ultralightweight authentication protocols and this survey focus on the study of these protocols. These protocols are not capable of fulfilling all the security and privacy requirements especially in the mobile wireless environments. As in most of the literatures that described and proposed for the security and privacy authentication protocol of M-RFID, they proved that designing a security and privacy authentication protocol is still a demanding and challenging activities. Although many authentication protocols have been developed over the years, none can be considered as perfect and supreme. Based on the review of the authentication protocols, the well-chosen protocol always depends on the context and scenario for the security and privacy efficiency requirements of the M-RFID system.

Energy harvesting in wireless sensor networks: A survey

With the emergence of Internet-of-Things (IoT) technologies, the application of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has become pervasive in our physical environment. These technologies rely on the WSN to capture environmental data and transmit it through the network to the specified location or storage. Given the massive data that captured by the WSN and the data transmission that happen in the process, there is a challenge for any developers and researchers in WSN in terms of a continuous operation of the WSN device. This is because WSNs are battery-powered and often deployed in a remote location that is hard to access for a battery replacement. The purpose of this paper is to survey the energy harvesting for improving the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks powered by the environmental energy. Energy harvesting takes advantages of the stray energy from the environment as the sustainable source of power.