Katalin Gombos

Expression of miRNA-21 and miRNA-221 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and their possible role in the development of ccRCC

AIM Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the third most common urological cancer after prostate and bladder cancer but has the highest rate of mortality affecting over 40% of patients. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that have become potential biomarkers and molecular targets for cancer treatment. Molecular markers such as miRNAs may have a role in the diagnosis of ccRCC. In this study, we examined the expressions of miRNA-21 and miRNA-221 in renal cancer patients׳ tumor and adjacent paired normal tissues investigating the possible role of these miRNAs in the development of ccRCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Renal tumors (n = 24) and paired normal renal tissue (n = 24) samples, obtained from the Department of Urology, University of Debrecen, were analyzed for miRNA-21 and miRNA-221 expressions with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS miRNA-21 and miRNA-221 expressions were significantly up-regulated in tumor specimens compared to normal tissue (P<0.05). miRNA-21 and miRNA-221 showed coexpression pattern in 19 (79.2%) cases of tumor samples and 8 (33.3%) cases of paired normal renal tissues. Increased miRNA pattern showed a positive correlation with pathological status of the patients. CONCLUSIONS Expression of oncogenic miRNA-21 and miRNA-221 in human ccRCC tumor tissue samples compared to adjacent nontumorous tissues might suggest that these miRNAs are involved in the development of ccRCC.

Alternatives for the intensive follow-up after curative resection of colorectal cancer. Potential novel biomarkers for the recommendations

Early diagnosis of recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer following surgery of curative intent is of vital importance in terms of survival and quality of life. The consistent implementation of appropriate patient follow-up strategy is therefore essential. Debates over the methodology, evaluation and strategy of follow-up have been known for many years, and continue today. By introducing several follow-up models, the present paper offers different options featuring certain individual, national and international, conceptual and financial aspects. Colorectal cancer is an important public health concern due to its destructive nature and frequency, it is therefore essential to develop new monitoring strategies, involving new biomarkers and extensive clinical validation. Since the recurrence rate is very high in high-risk patients, the improvement of individual patient risk estimates and the utilization of a corresponding follow-up model require broad international co-operation and common practice, along with the determination of optimal levels of evidence.

Impact of microRNAs on molecular epidemiology

Cancer research concerning short non-coding RNA sequences and functionally linked to RNA interference (RNAi) have reached explosive breakthrough in the past decade. Molecular technology applies microRNA in extremely wide spectrum from molecular tumor prediction, diagnostics, progression monitoring and prevention. Functional analysis of tissue miRNA and cell-free serum miRNA in posttranscription and translation regulation innovated and restructured the knowledge on the field. This review focuses on molecular epidemiology and primary prevention aspects of the small non-coding RNA sequences.

Orbitakompartment-szindróma. Arcot ért trauma következtében leggyakrabban vakságot okozó állapot

Absztrakt: Bevezetes: Az orbitakompartment-szindroma ritkan előfordulo betegseg, megis az orbitat is erintő toresek eseten ez okoz leggyakrabban vaksagot. Az orbita nem tagulo tereben kis folyadektobblet, odema, verzes jelentős nyomasfokozodast okoz, amely megszunteti a keringest az arteria centralis retinaeban es a szemideg ischaemias nekrozisat, igy vaksagot okoz. A szem kidulled es a szemhejak koze preselődik, a kotőhartya veresen, odemasan megduzzad, a pupilla tagul, fenymerev lesz. Az eszmeleten levő beteg erős fajdalomrol, feszulesről, hanyingerről, kettős latasrol, eleslatas-csokkenesről, majd megvakulasrol panaszkodik. Csak az időben tortenő felismeres es haladektalan sebeszeti nyomascsokkentes segithet lateralis canthotomiaval, cantholysissel. Ekkor a szem előrehelyeződesevel az orbita terfogata megnő, nyomasa csokken, a szemideg keringese helyreallhat, az ideg regeneralodhat es a latas visszaterhet. Celkitűzes es modszer: Korhazunkban 10 ev alatt arccsonttores mellett megvakult betegeink anyagan...

[MicroRNA expression profiles in squamous cell carcinomas of the meso- and hypopharynx].

INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs play a role in carcinogenesis through their genome regulatory function. AIM The aim of the authors was to identify and compare microRNA expression signatures of meso- and hypopharynx squamous cell cancers on the basis of the cancer field hypothesis. METHOD Using standard mapping biopsy (tumour tissue and macroscopically normal tissues obtained 1, 2 and 3 cm from margin) 13 snap frozen sample series were analysed for microRNA expression with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS MiR-221 was significantly overexpressed in mesopharynx cancers, whole miR-21, miR-143 and miR-155 showed significant overexpression in hypopharynx cancers. CONCLUSIONS Using microRNA expression profiles the authors were able to distinguish peritumoural tissues according to distance from the primary tumour site. Future application of the method may prove to be useful in early detection of the altered epigenetic regulation in tissue fields representing normal phenotype. This may be helpful in cancer risk assessment and prevention.