Katarina Šavikin-Fodulović

Xanthones from Swertia punctata

Isolation of 1-O-primeverosyl-3,8-dihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone and 1-O-gentiobiosyl-3,7-dimethoxy-8-hydroxyxanthone, along with five known xanthones, isobellidifolin, methylbellidifolin, isoswertianin, methylswertianin and norswertianin-1-O-beta-D-glucoside, from the roots of Swertia punctata is reported. In the aerial parts four xanthones, bellidifolin, methylbellidifolin, swertianolin and mangiferin, and flavone-C-glucoside, isoorientin were identified. The chemotaxonomic and pharmacological significance of these results is discussed.

SECOIRIDOIDS AND XANTHONES IN THE SHOOTS AND ROOTS OF CENTAURIUM PULCHELLUM CULTURED IN VITRO

SummaryThe qualitative and quantitative composition of secondary metabolites was studied in the shoots and roots of Centaurium pulchellum cultured in vitro. Secoiridoids (gentiopierin, swertiamarin, and sweroside) and xanthones (methylbellidifolin, demethyleustomin, and deccussatin) were isolated. Sweroside was found to be the major secoiridoid compound in the aerial parts of plants growing in nature. while swertiamarin dominated in plants cultured in vitro. In roots of all plants, genciopicrin was the major compound. Xanthone demethyleustomin was the major compound both in the shoots and roots of plants growing in nature and cultured in vitro. Different sugars (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) added in different concentrations in the medium affected the production of secondary compounds.

The Essential Oil of Salvia brachyodon Vandas. Lamiaceae

Abstract The essential oil of an endemic plant species Salvia brachyodon harvested at natural location in Montenegro was analyzed, and 35 compounds were identified. The fraction of hydrocarbons represented 2.7%, monoterpene hydrocarbons represented 30.5%, and oxygenated monoterpenes 51.2% of the whole oil, whereas the sesquiterpene fraction represented 4.7%, and oxygenated sesquiterpenes 3.4% of the total oil composition. The most abundant compounds were 1,8-cineole (36.9%), α- and β-pinene (6.9% and 9.7%, respectively), and camphene (6.5%).

Comparison between the essential oil of Myrtus communis L. obtained from naturally grown and in vitro plants.

Abstract The essential oil of Myrtus communis obtained from plants grown in culture in vitro as well as from plants harvested at natural location was analyzed. In the oil of in vitro grown plants 18 compounds were identified, while in the oil from the wild growing plants 35 compounds were identified. In the oil obtained from plants harvested in the wild the fraction of monoterpene hydrocarbons represented 28.9%, oxygenated monoterpenes represented 61.6% of die whole oil, whereas die sesquiterpene fraction represented 1.8% and other compounds 0.2% of the total oil composition. In the oil of cultivated plants, the fraction of monoterpene hydrocarbons represented 64.8%, oxygenated monoterpenes 6.3% and die sesquiterpene fraction represented 2.4% of the oil composition. In both cases die most abundant compounds were α-pinene (21.3% and 54.6%) and 1,8-cineole (22.0% and 7.6%).

Essential Oil of Seseli rigidum Waldst. et Kit. var. rigidum

Abstract Essential oil of Seseli rigidum, endemic plant species from Serbia, was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Twenty-six compounds were characterized representing 99.2% of the oil, with α-pinene (53.31%), limonene (10.04%) and germacrene D (9.32%) as major constituents.

Isogentisin (1,3-di­hydroxy-7-methoxy­xanthone)

The crystal structure of isogentisin, C14H10O5, a natural product isolated from Gentiana lutea, has been determined. The phenolic ring system is essentially planar and the displacement of the methoxy substituent from the mean molecular plane is very small. The structure is stabilized by a one-dimensional chain of intermolecular hydrogen bonds.

Essential Oil of Seseli peucedanoides (MB) Kos.- Pol.

Abstract Essential oil of Seseli peucedanoides, growing at in Serbia, was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Forty-six compounds were characterized representing 96.3% of the oil, with α-pinene (69.4%), β-pinene (4.9%) and limonene (4.6%) found to be dominant compounds.

Essential Oil of Achillea corabensis (Heimerl) Micevski

Abstract The essential oil of Achillea corabensis (Heimerl) Micevski collected from a natural location as well as from plants cultivated in the Sirinic valley of Sara mountain was analyzed. In the oil of collected plants 41 compounds were identified, while in the oil from the cultivated plants 36 compounds were identified. In the oil obtained from plants harvested in the wild the monoterpene fraction represented 88.0% of the whole oil, whereas the sesquiterpene fraction represented 5.9% and other compounds 3.1% of the total oil composition. In the oil of cultivated plants, the monoterpene fraction represented 74.6%, the sesquiterpene fraction 10.2% and other compounds 3.5% of the oil composition. In both cases the most abundant compounds were sabinene (33% and 25%) and p-cymene (29–4% and 17%).