Kathryn Pain

The way we were: command-and-control centres in the global space-economy on the eve of the 2008 geo-economic transition

This article was published in the journal, Environment and Planning A [© Pion]. [Taylor, P.J. ... et al, 2009]. The definitive, peer-reviewed and edited version of this article is published in [Environment and Planning A], 41 (1), pp. 7-12, 2009, [10.1068/a41318].

Demystifying the Euro in European financial centre relations: London and Frankfurt, 2000-2001

The introduction of the Single European Currency, the Euro, put London and Frankfurts position as European financial centres under the spotlight at the beginning of the Twenty-First Century. Many commentators suggested that London being outside ‘Euroland’ would begin to leak capital, labour and prowess to Frankfurt as the German city out-muscled London as the pre-eminent European financial centre for the next Century. In the British and German financial national press the discourse was one of competition and rivalry with predicted winners and losers depending on whether one stood in London or Frankfurt. The London-Frankfurt rivalry is a microcosm of traditional world city research, which in this paper is turned on its head. In-depth research with financial institutions and stakeholders in each city pre-Euro indicated that Londons relationship with Frankfurt is based more on cooperation and strong network relations between the two cities than competition. In effect, the cities are bound together by firm and regulatory ties and networks, cross-border mobility and working practices and complementary, relational roles in Europes architecture of financial centres. Accordingly, we conclude in this paper that London will always be Europes premier financial centre because of its scale and relationships with New York and Tokyo, but equally note that Frankfurt and London are co-dependent on each other in a Europe of relational cities.

EXTENSIVE AND INTENSIVE GLOBALIZATIONS: EXPLICATING THE LOW CONNECTIVITY PUZZLE OF U.S. CITIES USING A CITY-DYAD ANALYSIS

ABSTRACT: This article reports an experiment in world city network analysis focusing on city-dyads. Results are derived from an unusual principal components analysis of 27,966 city-dyads across 5 advanced producer service sectors. A 2-component solution is found that identifies different forms of globalization: extensive and intensive. The latter is characterized by very high component scores and describes the more important city-dyads focused upon London-New York (NYLON). The extensive globalization component heavily features London and New York but with each linked to less important cities. U.S. cities score relatively high on the intensive globalization component and we use this finding to explain the low connectivities of U.S. cities in previous studies of the world city network. The two components are tentatively interpreted in world-systems terms: intensive globalization is the process of core-making through city-dyads; extensive globalization is the process of linking core with non-core through city-dyads.

Featured Graphic. Contemporary Mappa Mundi: American Exceptionalism in the World City Network

This article was accepted for publication in the journal, Environment and Planning A [© Pion Ltd]. The definitive, peer-reviewed and edited version of this article is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a4352