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Advances in Pharmacological Sciences | 2012

Sedative and Hypnotic Activities of the Methanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Lavandula officinalis from Morocco

Katim Alaoui; El Houcine Bouidida; Abdelaziz Benjouad; Yahia Cherrah

We evaluate the sedative and hypnotic activities of the methanolic and aqueous extract of Lavandula officinalis L. on central nervous system (CNS). In this study, the effect of the methanolic and aqueous extracts of this plant was investigated in a battery of behavioural models in mice. Stems and flowers of Lavandula officinalis L. have several therapeutic applications in folk medicine in curing or managing a wide range of diseases, including insomnia. The methanolic extract produced significant sedative effect at the doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg (by oral route), compared to reference substance diazepam (DZP), and an hypnotic effect at the doses of 800 and 1000 mg/kg while the treatment of mice with the aqueous extract at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg via oral pathway significantly reduced in both the reestablishment time and number of head dips during the traction and hole-board tests. In conclusion, these results suggest that the methanolic and aqueous extracts of Lavandula officinalis possess potent sedative and hypnotic activities, which supported its therapeutic use for insomnia.


Sozial-und Praventivmedizin | 2007

Activité antifongique de l’acide oléique et des huiles essentielles de Thymus saturejoides L. et de Mentha pulegium L., comparée aux antifongiques dans les dermatoses mycosiques

D. Ouraïni; A. Agoumi; M. Ismaïli-Alaoui; Katim Alaoui; Yahia Cherrah; M. A. Alaoui; M.-A. Belabbas

RésuméL’activité antifongique in vitro de deux huiles essentielles (HE) de plantes aromatiques et médicinales (PAM) (thym et menthe pouliot) et de l’acide oléique a été évaluée contre 15 souches de différentes espèces de dermatophytes isolées de diverses dermatophyties traitées à l’Hôpital d’enfants de Rabat dont Trichophyton rubrum (5 isolats), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (4 isolats) et Microsporum canis (4 isolats) (Microsporum gypseum et Epidermophyton floccosum sont issues de notre collection mycologique) et 7 levures dont 4 de Candida albicans et 3 de Malassezia sp. Cette activité a été comparée à celle de la griséofulvine, le kétoconazole, l’isoconazole nitrate et le sulfate de polymyxine B. Les CMI obtenues avec les HE sur les agents responsables de mycoses sont similaires à celles qui sont obtenus avec les imidazolés. L’acide oléique exerce une action fongistatique sur les dermatophytes sensibles tels T. rubrum, E. floccosum à des concentrations allant de 150–200 μg/ml. Cependant, les dermatophytes telluriques et zoophiles sont résistants. Les levures ne sont pas inhibées par l’acide oléique. La polymyxine B exerce une action fongitoxique importante sur Malassezia sp. et plusieurs dermatophytes. Pour le C. albicans, la sensibilité est variable.Ces résultats permettent d’entrevoir que les HE des PAM et l’acide oléique peuvent constituer une solution alternative valable aux agents antifongique dans la lutte contre les dermatoses mycosiques.AbstractThe antifungal activity in vitro of two essential oils of Medicinal Aromatic Plants (PAM’s) (thyme and mint pouliot) and oleic acid was evaluated against 15 stumps of different species of isolated dermatophytes in a variety of dermatophytosis affections among different consultants at the children’s hospital of Rabat including Trichophyton rubrum (5 isolates), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (4 isolates) and Microsporum canis (4 isolates), (Microsporum gypseum and Epidermophyton floccosum were taken from our mycological collection) and 7 yeasts among which are 4 Candida albicans as well as 3 of Malassezia spp. This activity was compared with that of the griseofulvin, the ketoconazole, the isoconazole nitrate and the sulfate polymyxine B.MIC obtained in essential oil on agents responsible for mycoses are almost similar to those obtained with imidazoles. Oleic acid exerts fungistatic action on sensitive dermatophytes such as (T. rubrum, E. floccosum) with concentrations between 150–200 μg/ml. However, telluric and zoophilic dermatophytes are resistant. Yeasts are not inhibited by oleic acid. The polymyxine B exerts an important fungitoxic action on Malassezia spp. and several dermatophytes. For Candida albicans, sensitivity is variable. These results allow to foresee that in essential oil of MAP and oleic acid can constitute a valid alternative to antifungal agents in the fight against mycotic dermatoses.


Journal of biologically active products from nature | 2011

Toxicity and Psychotropic Activity of Essential Oils of Rosmarinus officinalis and Lavandula officinalis from Morocco

Katim Alaoui; El Houcine Bouidida; Abdelaziz Benjouad; Yahia Cherrah

Abstract Leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis and the flowers of Lavandula officinalis have been used as medicine for treatment of nervous disorders, in traditional Moroccan medicine. We evaluate the central nervous system psychotropic effects of the essential oil from the leaves of R. officinalis and the flowers of L. officinalis using a battery of comportamental psychopharmacology tests. The essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation were characterized by means of GC-MS. R. officinalis contained α-pinene (15.82 %), camphene (6.80 %), β-pinene (4.75 %), myrcene (1.70 %), p-cymene (2.16 %), 1,8-cineole (50.49 %), camphor (11.61 %), borneol (2.58 %), and borneol acetate (2.08 %). However, lavender oil contains nine constituents, among which 1,8-cineole (5.30 %), linalool (44.67 %), camphor (6.02 %) and linalyl acetate (42.00 %) were identified. The intraperitonial administration in mice of essential oil from L. officinalis at 300 and 600 mg/kg i.p. induces strong sedative effects compared to reference substance diazepam in mice, and an hypnotic effects at doses 1000 and 1500 mg/kg. However, the essential oil extracted from R. officinalis at the doses 50 and 100 mg/kg, produced no sedative activity significant on the central nervous system.


Sozial-und Praventivmedizin | 2006

Activité antiinflammatoire deZygophyllum gaetulum

Y. Khabbal; M. Ait El Cadi; Katim Alaoui; Mg. A. Faouzi; Yahia Cherrah

RésuméZygophyllumgaetulum Emberger & Maire est un sous-arbrisseau des steppes désertiques du sud du Maroc. Utilisé traditionnellement comme anti-inflammatoire antidiabétique et antispasmodique, il est proposé dans la présente étude d’en évaluer et d’en confirmer l’activité anti-inflammatoire chez l’animal. L’extrait a été préparé selon les méthodes traditionnelles, l’étude a été réalisée sur des rats Wistar des deux sexes âgés de 2 à 3 mois et pesant 200–300 grammes. Le lot essai traité oralement par l’extrait deZygophyllum gaetulum (50 mg/kg) a montré une inhibition de l’œdème induit par la carragénine selon la méthode de Winteret al. [16].AbstractZygophyllumgaetulum Emberger & Maire grows in southern Morocco. It has been used as an anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antispasmodic medicinal plant. The present study was carried out to confirm the anti-inflammatory effect ofZygophyllum gaetulum. Airdried and powdered aerial parts were extracted following the methods of traditional healers. Wistar albino rats of both sexes, weighing 200–300g and aged 2–3 months, were used. The rats were housed under standard environmental conditions. Animals treated withZygophyllum gaetulum extract (500 mg/kg by mouth) showed oedema inhibition in all phases of the experiment, especially the final phase. The percentage of inhibition at 1 hr 30 min and 3 hrs was significant.


Sozial-und Praventivmedizin | 2005

Étude de l’activité des huiles essentielles de plantes aromatiques à propriétés antifongiques sur les différentes étapes du développement des dermatophytes

D. Ouraïni; A. Agoumi; M. Ismaïli-Alaoui; Katim Alaoui; Yahia Cherrah; M. Amrani; M.-A. Belabbas

Résumé:Le travail que nous avons réalisé a été consacré à l’étude de l’activité fongitoxique (action fongistatique et fongicide) des huiles essentielles sur la germination, la croissance mycélienne et la sporulation des dermatophytes responsables de multiples mycoses chez l’homme.Dans l’ensemble, les trois huiles essentielles testées de plantes aromatiques et médicinales: thym (Thymus saturejoïdes L.), menthe pouliot (Menthe pulegium L.) et romarin (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) présentent des activités inhibitrices sur la germination des spores ou des arthrospores de tous les dermatophytes testés à des concentrations allant de 0,001 à 4 %. Cette action a été plus forte sur les souches fongiques anthropophiles et avec de moindres concentrations.Le degré d’inhibition des huiles essentielles testées sur la croissance mycélienne est différent que celui qui est exercé sur la germination. En effet, avec les proportions d’huiles essentielles correspondant aux concentrations minimales d’inhibition sur le développement mycélien, il suffit de 1/10 à 1/100 de cette concentration pour inhiber la germination. Néanmoins, leur action sur la sporulation est plutôt favorisante. Dans tous les cas, l’inhibition est liée à une inhibition de la croissance mycélienne notamment avec les concentrations élevées en huile essentielle. Ainsi, selon leurs activités sur les dermatophytes, nos essences ont été classées dans l’ordre décroissant suivant: thym > menthe pouliot > romarin. Selon leur sensibilité, les dermatophytes étudiés peuvent être classés selon l’ordre décroissant suivant: M. gypseum > M. nanum > M. canis > T. mentagrophytes > T. concentricum > T. rubrum > T. schoenleinii > E. floccosum.Abstract:The present work is dedicated to the study of fungitoxic activity (fungistatic and fungicidal action) of essential oils on the germination, mycelial growth and sporulation of dermatophytes responsible for different cases of mycoses among humans. On the whole, the essential oil of aromatic and medicinal plants such as thyme (Thymus saturejoïdes L.), European pennyroyal (Menthe pulegium L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), show inhibitory activities on the germination of spore or arthrospores of all the dermatophytes tested with concentrations ranging from 0.001 to 4%. This action was stronger on anthropophilic fungal strains and at lower concentrations. The degree of inhibition of the essential oils tested on mycelial growth was different from the one exerted on germination. In fact, with proportions of essential oils corresponding to MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) on mycelial development, only 1/10 to 1/100 of this concentration was sufficient to inhibit germination. Nevertheless, their action on sporulation was rather encouraging. According to their activities on dermatophytes, essences tested were arranged in decreasing order, as follows: thyme > European pennyroyal > rosemary. According to their sensitivity, the studied dermatophytes could be classified in the following decreasing order: M. gypseum > M. nanum > M. canis > T. mentagrophytes > T. concentricum > T. rubrum > T. schoenléinii > E. floccosum.


Sozial-und Praventivmedizin | 2004

Toxicité aiguë et action analgésique des huiles essentielles de Nepeta atlantica Ball et Nepeta tuberosa L. ssp. reticulata (Desf.) Maire

Houssine Bouidida; Katim Alaoui; Yahia Cherrah; Souad Fkih-Tetouani; A. Il Idrissi

Résumé:Les huiles essentielles de Nepeta tuberosa L. ssp. reticulata (Desf.) Maire et Nepeta atlantica Ball, ont été étudiées. Le constituant majoritaire est commun aux deux espèces à des taux respectivement de 75 % et 50 %. Il est identifié comme étant le stérioisomère 4aα, 7α, 7aβ-nepétalactone et pourrait être responsable de la toxicité à fortes doses de ces HE, les DL 50 évaluées étant de 0,680 ± 0,070 ml/kg (680,1 ± 70,3 mg/kg), avec des limites de confiance de [0,456-0,904] ml/kg pour Nepeta tuberosa L. ssp. reticulata et 0,936 ± 0,015 ml/kg (936,7 ± 15,46 mg/kg) avec des limites de confiance de [0,888 - 0,986] ml/kg pour Nepeta atlantica. Les huiles essentielles des espèces étudiées sont toutes deux fortement analgésiques périphériques avec un pouvoir de protection vis-à-vis des crampes abdominales important de 67,49 % et 62,53 % à 0,015ml/kg IP pour respectivement Nepeta tuberosa L. ssp. reticulata et Nepeta atlantica, atteignant 90,82 % et 84,53 % à 0,030 ml/kg IP. Par ailleurs, un pouvoir analgésique central morphine-like est enregistré à 0,030 ml/kg IP pour les deux espèces.Abstract:The essential oils of Nepeta tuberosa L. ssp. reticulata (Desf ) Maire and Nepeta atlantica Ball have been studied. The main and common constituent to both species is present rates respectively of 75 % and 50 %. It is identified as the stérioisomère 4aα, 7α, 7ab-nepetalactone and could be responsible for the essential oils toxicity at high doses, the DL50 value is 0.68 ± 0.07 ml/kg (680.1 ± 70.3 mg/kg) with limits of confidences [0.456-0.904] ml/g for Nepeta tuberosa L ssp. retuculata and 0,936 ± 0,015 ml/kg (936,7 ± 15,46 mg/kg), with limits of confidences [0,888 - 0,986] ml/kg for Nepeta atlantica. The essential oils of the studied species are all strong peripheral analgesic with an important protection against abdominal cramp 67.49 % and 62.53 % for 0.015 ml/kg IP respectively for Nepeta tuberosa L ssp. reticulata and Nepeta atlantica, wich rise up to 90.82 % and 84.53 % for 0.030 ml/kg IP. On the other hand power central analgesic activity morphin like appears to 0.030 ml/kg IP for the two species.


Sozial-und Praventivmedizin | 2015

Les plantes anxiolytiques au Maroc. Études ethnobotanique et ethno-pharmacologique

Z. Doukkali; H. Bouidida; A. Srifi; K. Taghzouti; Yahya Cherrah; Katim Alaoui

RésuméUne étude ethnobotanique a été menée au Maroc en vue de recenser à l’échelle nationale les plantes médicinales utilisées en médecine traditionnelle marocaine dans le traitement de l’anxiété. 70 herboristes ont été interrogés individuellement et ont livré chacun les espèces végétales utilisées pour combattre les troubles anxieux. 77 espèces médicinales réparties sur 43 familles ont été ainsi signalées et identifiées. L’analyse statistique des données de l’enquête ethnobotanique a permis d’inventorier une vingtaine de plantes citées majoritairement. Les feuilles constituent la partie la plus utilisée, généralement sous forme d’infusion. Ont été également analysées les données concernant le niveau de connaissances des herboristes, qui ont une de moyenne d’âge entre 35 et 55 ans. 69% d’entre eux ont accepté de discuter de leur profil, 79% ont une expérience de plus d’une décennie, 46% sont bacheliers, 65% suivent des formations continues et 37% se soignent et soignent leurs familles uniquement par les plantes.AbstractAn ethnobotanical study was conducted in Morocco in order to identify at the national level medicinal plants used in traditional Moroccan medicine in the treatment of anxiety. Seventy (70) herbalists were interviewed individually and each delivered the plants used to combat anxiety disorders. Sixty-seven (77) medicinal species spread over 43 families have been reported and identified. Statistical analysis of data from the ethnobotanical investigation has inventory twenty priority plants. The leaves are the most used part, usually in the form of infusion. Were also analyzed data on the profile of herbalists whose average age of between 35 and 55 years, 69% of them have agreed to discuss their profile, 79% have an experience of over a decade, 46% are graduate, 65% undergo continuous training, and 37 treat and care for their families only by plants.


Annales pharmaceutiques françaises | 2012

Activité anti-inflammatoire des extraits aqueux et éthanolique de Zygophyllum gaetulum

M. Ait El Cadi; S. Makram; M. Ansar; Y. Khabbal; Katim Alaoui; Mg. A. Faouzi; Yahia Cherrah; J. Taoufik

Zygophylle or Zygophyllum gaetulum Emberger and. Maire is a Moroccan medicinal plant which has been used as an anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antispasmodic and antidiarrheic. The present study was carried out to study and compare the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract with aqueous extract of Z. gaetulum. Organic extract of Z. gaetulum was obtained in soxhlet apparatus. Aqueous extract was obtained by infusion. The Wistar albinos rats of either sex weighing 200-300 g aged 2-3 months were used for this experiment. The rats were housed under standard environmental conditions. The anti-inflammatory activity was estimated by measuring the oedema induced by carragenin according to the method of Winter and al. Ethanolic extract of Z. gaetulum reduced the increase of the paw volume with a percentage of inhibition of 46% (p<0.01), this percentage was 47.48% (p<0.01) with aqueous extract. The inhibition decrease in time, it arrived to 39% (p<0.01) at the sixth hour while the activity of aqueous extract decrease a lot. In conclusion, Z. gaetulum is an interesting plant which the aqueous and éthanolic extracts could be used scientifically in the treatment of inflammation.


Sozial-und Praventivmedizin | 2008

Activité antidiarrhéique de Zygophyllum gaetulum

M. Ait El Cadi; Y. Khabbal; Katim Alaoui; Mg. A. Faouzi; E. Bruno; Lahcen Mahraoui; Yahia Cherrah

RésuméLa diarrhée représente un problème de santé publique dont la fréquence de la mortalitéet de la morbidité est très élevée, spécialement chez les enfants dans les pays en voie de développement. Au Maroc, la médecine traditionnelle décrit plusieurs plantes, dans le traitement des troubles digestifs comme la diarrhée, dont Zygophyllum gaetulum. Cette plante est utilisée traditionnellement comme antiinflammatoire, antidiabétique, antispasmodique et antidiar-rhéique, il est propos’e dans la présente étude d’en évaluer et d’en confirmer l’activitéantidiarrhéique chez l’animal. L’extrait a été préparé selon les méthodes traditionnelles, l’étude a été réalisée in vitro a` l’aide de la chambre d’Ussing.AbstractDiarrhoea is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, especially in children in developing countries resulting in a major public health care problem. In Morocco, traditional medicine describes several plants in the treatment of digestive disorders such as diarrhoea, including Zygophyllum gaetulum. This plant is used traditionally as an antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antispasmodic and antidiarrhoeal drug, it is proposed in the present study to evaluate and to confirm its anti-diarrhoeal activity in animals. The extract was prepared according to traditional methods; the study was carried out in vitro using Ussing chamber.


Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine | 2017

Chemical composition, acute toxicity, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Moroccan Tetraclinis articulata L.

Meryem El Jemli; Rabie Kamal; Ilias Marmouzi; Zouhra Doukkali; El Houcine Bouidida; Driss Touati; Rachid Nejjari; Lahcen El Guessabi; Yahia Cherrah; Katim Alaoui

Hydro-distilled essential oil (EO) from the leaves of the western Mediterranean and Moroccan endemic plant Tetraclinis articulata was analyzed by GC/MS and examined for its acute toxicity on mice, in order to establish the safe doses. Furthermore, the anti-Inflammatory activity was evaluated based on carrageenan and trauma induced rats paw edema and the antioxidant potential has been investigated using different methods including DPPH radical-scavenging assay, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and Ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP). The major identified compounds in GC/MS analysis were bornyl acetate (26.81%), camphor (22.40%) and α-pinene (7.16%), with 25 other minor constituents. No mortalities in acute toxicity were observed, indicating that the LD50 of T. articulata essential oil is highest than 5 g/kg. In the anti-inflammatory test based on chemical and mechanical induced trauma, the EO demonstrated an effective reduce swelling by 64.71 ± 9.38% and 69.09 ± 6.02% respectively obtained 6 h after administration at the dose of 200 mg/kg when compared to the control groups. Moreover in the antioxidant testing battery, T. articulata essential oil showed a promising scavenging effect measured by DPPH, TEAC and ferric-reducing power assays with IC50 values of 12.05 ± 0.24 mg/mL, 8.90 ± 0.17 mg/mL and 0.15 ± 0.01 mg/mL respectively. These results suggest that, the EO from the leaves of T. articulata constitutes a valuable source of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant metabolites. These findings argue for the possible integration of this oil in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries.

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Mourad Kharbach

Vrije Universiteit Brussel

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