Katsunori Nakatani

Additive effects of cepharanthin in CDDP/hyperthermia combination therapy against transplantable human esophageal cancer in nude mice

PURPOSE Additive effects of cepharanthin in CDDP/hyperthermia combination therapy were evaluated. METHODS AND MATERIALS Nude mice bearing a transplantable human esophageal cancer (ES0-2), classified histologically as a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, were treated with cepharanthin (20 mg/kg IP) in addition to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP; 4 mg/kg IP) and/or hyperthermia at 42 degrees C for 30 min, to determine the additive effects of cepharanthin. Furthermore, effects of cepharanthin on intratumoral concentration of CDDP were evaluated. RESULTS Cepharanthin itself did not have an anti-tumor effect. This agent did not enhance the anti-tumor effect of CDDP alone, but enhanced the anti-tumor effects of both 42 degrees C hyperthermia alone, and combination therapy with CDDP and 42 degrees C hyperthermia. The concentration of CDDP in the tumors treated by 42 degrees C hyperthermia was slightly higher than in nonheated tumors. Cepharanthin did not affect the intratumoral concentration of CDDP, irrespective of whether hyperthermia was applied. CONCLUSION Cepharanthin enhanced the effect of CDDP/hyperthermia combination therapy through thermoenhancing effect.

Expression of E-cadherin in human gastric carcinomas

E-cadherin is a member of the cadherin family, which plays a crucial role in cellcell adhesion in normal epithelial tissues and some tumors ~)a. We reported here the expression of this adhesion molecule in human gastric carcinomas. Forty-six cases of human gastric carcinomas were employed. Cancerous and non-cancerous areas of surgical specimens were stained immunohistochemically with the ABC method in frozen sections. Monoclonal antibody for human E-cadherin was kindly donated by Dr. M. Takeichi (Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University). The samples were examined using a light microscope. In the mucosa of the non-cancerous area, epithelial cells, including intestinal metaplasia, were positively stained in the plasma membrane. In 27 of 46 cases the plasma membrane of cancer cell populations was positively stained (Fig.a), and in 14 cases the staining showed heterogeneity. In 5 cases, which were observed frequently in Borrmanns type 4 and scirrhous type (P < o.01), no cancer cell was stained (Fig.b). In 12 (75.0%) of 16 cases without lymphatic metastasis, all cancer cells were positively stained, while in 5 (62.5%) of 8 cases with lymphatic metastasis involving Group 3 lymph nodes 3) or more, none of the cancer cells were stained(P < o.01). These results indicate that the expression of E-cadherin correlates with invasiveness and lymphatic metastasis in human gastric carcinomas. (This work was supported in part by the Grant-in-Aid for Cancer Research(63-2) from the Ministry of Health and Welfare.)

Enhanced Liver Metastatic Potential of Alpha-fetoprotein-producing Human Gastric Carcinoma after Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Liver Damage in Nude Mice

The liver metastatic potential of alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP)‐producing human gastric carcinoma (NSC‐3) was examined in male, BALB/c, nude mice. Metastatic nodules in the liver were produced by intrasplenic (IS) injection of tumor cell suspension prepared by trypsinization from subcutaneous NSC‐3 tumor. The serum AFP level increased exponentially after IS injection along with the growth of metastatic nodules in the liver, and a positive correlation was observed between the estimated weight of metastatic nodules and serum AFP level. To investigate the effect of liver damage by carbon tetrachloride (CCI4) on the metastatic potential of NSC‐3 cells injected intrasplenlcally, the mice were divided into 4 groups: Group 1 received IS injection of 1×106 of NSC‐3 cells without CCI4, treatment; Groups 2, 3 and 4 received IS injection 7 days, 2 days and 1 day after CCI4 treatment, respectively. All mice were killed 64 days after IS injection. The incidence of liver metastasis was 80% in Group 1, but 100% in Groups 2, 3 and 4. The mean numbers of metastatic nodules per liver were 4.2 in Group 1, 16.8 in Group 2, 18.0 in Group 3 and 44.5 in Group 4. Significant differences in the mean numbers of metastatic nodules were observed between Group 4 and the other groups. It was clearly demonstrated that the metastatic potential of AFP‐producing human gastric carcinoma cells (NSC‐3) is enhanced in the situation prevailing after liver parenchymal cells are damaged by CCI4.

Pylorus Preserving Subtotal Esophagogastrectomy with Replacement of Right Hemicolon Treated in a Case of Synchronous Double Cancers of the Esophagus and Stomach.

食道胃同時性重複癌に対し, 幽門保存食道胃亜全摘兼有茎右半結腸間置術を施行した1例を経験したので報告する. 症例は60歳の男性で, 主訴は心窩部痛である. 上部消化管透視および内視鏡検査で, 食道Im領域の潰瘍限局型食道癌, 胃体下部前壁にBorrmann 2型, 胃体下部後壁にBorrmann 3型の胃癌 (多発癌) の診断を得た.手術は右開胸により食道亜全摘を行い, 上腹部正中切開にて開腹し, 幽門輪より1.5cm離れた部位で噴門側胃亜全摘を行った. 再建は右半結腸を用い, 胸骨後経路により行い, 頸部食道回腸端端吻合, 結腸残胃端端吻合を行った. 幽門輪温存により, 代用胃の貯留能が増加し, ダンピング症候群の予防となり, さらには生理的な再建法で消化管ホルモンの分泌が良好であるという利点があり, 有用な術式であると考えられる.

Proceedings of the 19th autumn meeting from October 18 to 20, 1977-Nara, Japan

The first step in the formation of bile acids is 7uhydroxylation of cholesterol. Subsequently 7ahydroxycholest-4-en-3-one is formed, which is a common precursor of the two primary bile acids, cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid. 5,BCholestane-3~t , 7a -d io l , a p recursor of chenodeoxycholic acid is formed from the A4-3-keto intermediate by a pathway which involves the reduction of the keto group and the saturation of the double bond but not a hydroxylation at C-12, while a pathway involving the 12a-hydroxylation of the A4-3-keto intermediate leads to the formation of 5flcholestane-3~, 7a, 12a-triol, which is a precursor of cholic acid. The C2~-bile alcohol intermediates , 5flcholestane-3a, 7t~-diol and 5,g-cholestane-3tz, 7t~, 1 2 ~ t r i o l , a r e t h e n t r a n s f o r m e d i n t o chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid by the degradation of the side chain which entails an moxidation followed by fl-oxidation. Chenodeoxycholic acid is also formed by a number of different pathways differing only with respect to the stage of nuclear transformation at which oxidation of the side chain is initiated. A number of cholestanepolyols such as 5flcholestane-3ct, 70t, 12ct, 25-tetrol are accumulated in the bile and feces of patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. No 26-hydroxylated bile alcohols are accumulated. The results suggest that there exists an alternative pathway of cholic acid biosynthesis involving the 25-hydroxylated bile alcohol as an intermediate. (2) Analytical methods of bile acids in biological materials

Clinical study of a family of familial non-hemolytic jaundice (Rotor) III. with special reference to 3 autopsy findings

ConclusionThe variety in the results of BSP retention test and cholecystography may partly be attributed to pathologic state of individuals or to technique of examination, but it may also suggest the possibility of transition between familial non-hemolytic jaundice (Rotor) and Dubin-Johnson’s syndrome. Anyway, no abnormal pigmentation in the liver cells of 3 autopsy cases may suggest that familial non-hemolytic jaundice (Rotor) are separated in entity from Dubin-Johnson’s syndrome.