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Dive into the research topics where Kenneth P. Mathews is active.

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Featured researches published by Kenneth P. Mathews.


The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology | 1974

Epidemiology of asthma and allergic rhinitis in a total community, Tecumseh, Michigan: IV. Natural history☆

Irvin Broder; Millicent Higgins; Kenneth P. Mathews; Jacob B. Keller

Abstract The incidence and remission of allergic rhinitis and asthma were studied in 6,563 residents of Tecumseh, Michigan, who were examined on two occasions separated by an average interval of 4 years. The 4 year incidence of probable allergic rhinitis was 2 per cent for males and females, and the 4 year incidence of probable asthma was 1 per cent for both sexes. During this time interval the incidence of allergic rhinitis among males and females who previously had asthma was 3 per cent and 5 per cent, respectively. The incidence of asthma in persons who previously had allergic rhinitis was 1 per cent in males and 3 per cent in females. Remission occured in approximately 20 per cent of persons with asthma and 8 per cent with allergic rhinitis over a 2 year period. Either disease was as likely to remit if the other disease was present or not. Allergic rhinitis was more likely to remit when the duration was shorter than 5 years, while asthma remissions were not clearly influenced by duration. Persons with perennial allergic rhinitis were less likely to remit than those with seasonal symptoms.


Journal of Allergy | 1954

The vexing urticaria problem: Present concepts of etiology and management

John M. Sheldon; Kenneth P. Mathews; Robert G. Lovell

Abstract The recognition and symptomatic management of urticaria and angioneurotic edema usually are quite simple. Good long-range results, however, in the treatment of such cases require the physician to exert every effort to determine the etiology of the hives in each individual case. The recent literature (since 1945) has been reviewed in an attempt to find new, helpful information which might be of aid in evaluating the more difficult cases. A procedure for the management of these patients has been described.


The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology | 1997

Evaluation of a school-based asthma education program for inner-city children

Sandra C. Christiansen; Stephen B. Martin; Nina C. Schleicher; James A. Koziol; Kenneth P. Mathews; Bruce L. Zuraw

BACKGROUND We have previously reported a high prevalence of current asthma-related symptoms affecting predominantly Hispanic, socioeconomically disadvantaged schoolchildren in Southeast San Diego. OBJECTIVE We sought to assess the impact of a school-based education program on asthma outcomes. METHODS In cooperation with the San Diego Unified Schools, we developed and implemented a school-based asthma education program. Based on the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute consensus guidelines for asthma, the five-session bilingual, interactive curriculum was conducted in 20-minute segments. Asthma knowledge was tested before and after the education program, and asthma severity was prospectively assessed at monthly intervals. Outcome parameters were compared in educated and control (noneducated) fourth grade students with asthma by using nonparametric techniques. RESULTS After asthma education, students demonstrated improvement with increases in mean scores for: asthma knowledge quiz from 9.9 (SEM = 0.44, n = 34) to 13.7 (SEM = 0.30); peak flowmeter technique from 3.9 (SEM = 0.33, n = 32) to 6.4 (SEM = 0.29); and inhaler technique from 2.3 (SEM = 0.26, n = 32) to 4.3 (SEM = 0.26). All changes were highly significant (p < or = 0.00001 as determined by Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test). Mean score comparisons for asthmatic control students given paired examinations after a time interval matched with the educated students, did not reach statistical significance: quiz score of 11.3 (SEM = 0.80, n = 11) versus 10.9 (SEM = 0.68), peak flowmeter technique score of 2.6 (SEM = 0.50, n = 18) versus 3.1 (SEM = 0.37) , and inhaler technique score of 2.5 (SEM = 0.37, n = 18) versus 2.2 (SEM = 0.31). Prospective monthly data were collected on 27 educated and 15 control asthmatic subjects. Severity of asthma was not significantly different between groups at entry to the study. Symptom questionnaires, validated for functional asthma severity, revealed a significant reduction in mean symptom scores at 180 days for the educated (2.87, SEM = 0.447) versus the control (4.36, SEM = 0.573) groups (p = 0.0188 as determined by the Mann-Whitney U test). CONCLUSION Child-centered asthma education can be successfully conducted in the school setting, resulting in increased asthma knowledge, improved skills for peak flowmeter and inhaler use, and a reduction in the severity of asthma symptoms.


Annals of Internal Medicine | 1980

Familial carboxypeptidase N deficiency.

Kenneth P. Mathews; Pauline M. Pan; Neven J. Gardner; Tony E. Hugli

Carboxypeptidase N is a serum metalloenzyme that inactivates C3a, C4a, C5a, bradykinin, kalladin, and fibrinopeptides. Of 172 sera from patients with chronic urticaria or angioedema, one had a remarkably depressed carboxypeptidase N level (21% of normal). Of sera from 103 patients with other diseases, elevated levels were observed in cases of neoplasms, and one abnormally low value was detected in a patient with cirrhosis. The patient with a remarkably low carboxypeptidase N level was a 65-year-old man with an 11-year history of episodic angioedema occurring about 40 times per year. Inactivation of C3a and lysyl-bradykinin by his serum was markedly prolonged. Plasma histamine was elevated during attacks, but serotonin and kinin activity were not. The probands sister had an equally depressed serum carboxypeptidase N level, and studies of other family members suggested an autosomal recessive inheritance of the enzyme deficiency.


The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology | 1983

Urticaria and angioedema

Kenneth P. Mathews

Because their common occurrence has led to familiarity with the disease by the general public, patients themselves often make a correct diagnosis of urticaria. The lesions consist of circumscribed, slightly elevated swellings that usually are multiple #and vary in size from 1 to 2 mm to many centimeters in diameter. Of particular diagnostic significance is that individual lesions seldom last longer than 24 to 48 hr, although new lesions commonly arise as older ones fade away. Also, hives almost always itch. Angioedema is frequently discussed along with urticaria because the two conditions often occur together; for example, in Champion’s experience in referral practice, 40% of patients with either or both conditions had urticaria alone, 11% had angioedema alone, and 49% had both.’ However, a much smaller percentage of children is reported to have both types of lesions.’ Since angioedematous swellings develop in the subcutaneous tissues where there are fewer sensory nerve endings, these lesions present clinically as diffuse swellings with little or no pruritus. They are especially apt to develop in areas with loose subcutaneous tissue, such as the eyelids and lips. In contrast to other


The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology | 1980

Dose-response studies of the suppression of whole blood histamine and basophil counts by prednisone

Ana Maria P. Saavedra-Delgado; Kenneth P. Mathews; Pauline M. Pan; Donald R. Kay; Michael L. Muilenberg

If some clinical problems (e.g., radiographic contrast media reactions) arise from mediator release by circulating basophils, prednisones capacity to prevent such is likely to be at least partly related to its suppressive effects on whole blood histamine and basophil levels. To establish an optimal dosage schedule, 15 healthy male volunteers entered a two-phased study to determine (1) the single dose of prednisone required to produce maximal suppression of histamine and basophil levels and (2) the effects of repeated prednisone doses. Parameters monitored were whole blood histamine, quantitative basophil counts, white blood cell (WBC) and differential counts, and plasma prednisone, prednisolone, and cortisol levels. Fifty milligrams prednisone suppressed whole blood histamine levels as much as a larger dose and also showed a marked effect on circulating basophils and other leukocytes. Three 50-mg prednisone doses given at 6-hr intervals had a greater effect on whole blood histamine and circulating leukocytes than fewer doses. Thus, the commonly used empirical prednisone dosage regimen is supported. One implication of the results of this study is that greater suppression of blood basophils and histamine levels might be obtained by administering the last prednisone dose about 6 hr before procedures in which a very rapid release of mediators from basophils is anticipated.


The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology | 1977

Effect of histamine and methacholine on nasal airway resistance in atopic and nonatopic subjects: Comparison with bronchial challenge and skin test responses

James A. McLean; Kenneth P. Mathews; William R. Solomon; Peter R. Brayton; Arthur A. Ciarkowski

Serial nasal, intracutaneous, or bronchial challenges were carried out with solutions containing 2- or 3-fold increments in histamine (H) or methacholine (Meth) concentration until nasal airway resistance (NAR) increased by more than 100%, a large intracutaneous reaction was elicited, or FEV1 decreased by 20% or more. Thirty nonatopic and 48 asymptomatic atopic subjects were studied, the latter group divided into rhinitic patients with and without asthma. Several types of data analysis demonstrated there was no significant difference in the nasal or cutaneous effects of H or Meth between the atopic and nonatopic groups. Comparable results were obtained in a subgroup of 39 subjects (13 normal, 13 atopic, and 13 atopic with asthma) who underwent all six test sequences (i.e., nasal, cutaneous, and bronchial with both drugs). As expected, the asthmatics showed significantly increased bronchial reactivity to both agents. In comparison with Meth, H had a much greater effect on the nasal mucosa and skin than on the bronchi. It is concluded that, contrary to bronchial responses, but in accord with cutaneous reactivity, the nasal responses of nonatopic subjects, atopic persons with allergic rhinitis alone, and subjects with both allergic rhinitis and asthma show no intergroup differences on testing with H or Meth.


Journal of Asthma | 1996

Current prevalence of asthma-related symptoms in San Diego's predominantly hispanic inner-city children

Sandra C. Christiansen; Stephen B. Martin; Nina C. Schleicher; James A. Koziol; Kenneth P. Mathews; Bruce L. Zuraw

Ethnic minorities of low socioeconomic status are disproportionately represented in the trends of increasing asthma prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. We surveyed a cohort of 998 fourth-grade students in an impoverished area of southeast San Diego with a high percentage of Hispanic Mexican-Americans. Of the 654 Hispanic 9-12-year-olds, 14.4% were categorized as probable current asthma (within the past year), based on symptom of wheezing or physician diagnosis of asthma [with respiratory symptom(s) or medication]. An additional 13.5% had respiratory symptoms indicating possible asthma. Differences by ethnic group in the percentage of probable asthma or related symptoms were highly significant (p < 0.0001). Among Hispanics with a category of probable asthma, only 57.4% had a physician diagnosis versus 80.6% of black and 85.7% of white students. The frequency of health insurance coverage differed significantly between ethnic groups (p < 0.0001), with Hispanics among the lowest (37.2%).


The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology | 1981

Priming of the nasal mucosa by ragweed extract or by an irritant (ammonia)

J.R. Bacon; James A. McLean; Kenneth P. Mathews; J.M. Banas

Confirming previous work by Connell, it was shown that challenging nine subjects intranasally on successive days with short ragweed extract (SRW) resulted in a priming effect manifested by significantly augmented increases in nasal airways resistance as well as in increasing subjective symptoms. Priming was reproducible and transient. In contrast, significant priming to an irritant, ammonia gas (NH3), could not be unequivocally demonstrated over a similar period of time in these same subjects under the conditions employed. Also, priming these subjects with SRW extract failed to enhance responsiveness to NH3.


The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology | 1975

Comparative nasal absorption of allergens in atopic and nonatopic subjects

Kalliopi Kontou-Karakitsos; John E. Salvaggio; Kenneth P. Mathews

Based on sensitization following intranasal antigen administration, previous investigations have suggested greater absorption of allergens through the nasal mucous membranes of atopic than of nonatopic subjects. In this study mucosal absorption was assessed more directly by determining the capacity of allergens applied intranasally to elicit cutaneous Prausnitz-Küstner (P-K) reactions in nonatopic persons as compared with asymptomatic atopic subjects sensitive to other allergens. Two series of reaginic human serum dilutions were injected intracutaneously in recipients backs, and 48 hours later one series was challenged intracutaneously with test allergen. After the responses had been recorded, concentrated allergenic extract was sprayed into the nose and the second series of P-K sites observed for reactivity. Sometimes these P-K sites were rechallenged intracutaneously the following day to determine passive transfer neutralization. Two allergens were studied: bovine ribonuclease (RNase) and peanut extract. Two sera containing peanut reagins and one with RNase antibodies were each used in 10 to 11 atopic and 9 to 11 nonatopic recipients. The atopic group failed to show greater or more rapid absorption of either allergen through the nose based on the highest serum dilution reacting after nasal challenge. the speed of the reaction, the ratio of the titer by nasal challenge to the intracutaneous titer, or passive transfer neutralization. Controls showed that the results were not influenced by systemic absorption of allergen employed for intracutaneous tests. Drinking the amount of peanut extract applied intranasally did not elicit P-K reactions.

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Bruce L. Zuraw

University of California

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J.M. Banas

University of Michigan

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J.R. Bacon

University of Michigan

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