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Dive into the research topics where Kenneth W. Knutson is active.

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Featured researches published by Kenneth W. Knutson.


American Journal of Potato Research | 1968

Greenhouse study of early potato growth response to soil temperature, bulk density and nitrogen fertilizer

Theron G. Sommerfeldt; Kenneth W. Knutson

SummaryA greenhouse study was conducted to determine the effects of soil temperature (10.0. 12.8, 15.6, 17.2, 17.8, 19.4, and 21.1 C), soil compaction (1.00, 1.15, and 1.20 g/cm3), and nitrogen fertilization (0, 60, 120, and 240 lbs/acre-ft) on emergence and growth of Russet Burbank potatoes.Both soil temperature and compaction affected emergence. At 12.8 C and a soil bulk density of 1.20, plant emergence was delayed as much as 2 weeks as compared with that at 21.1 C and a soil bulk density of 1.00. Following emergence the rate of elongation of the delayed plants was accelerated sufficiently that differences in plant height were not apparent at termination of the experiments. However, vigor and growth were greatly impaired.Nitrogen fertilizer enhanced top and root growth but tended to reduce the number of tubers per plant and their weight, especially at the higher rates. Also, at the lower temperatures and higher bulk densities nitrogen tended to delay plant emergence.Apparently, mechanical impedance to roots because of soil compaction had a modifying effect on root development, which in turn restricted plant growth.ResumenSe llevó a cabo un estudio de invernadero para determinar el efecto de la temperature del suelo (10.0, 12.8, 15.6, 17.2, 17.8, 19.4 y 21.1 °C), compactación del suelo (1.00, 1.15 y 1.20 g/cm3) y abonamiento con nitrógeno (0, 60, 120, y 240 libras acre-piés) sobre el brote y crecimiento de papas Russet Burbank.Tanto la temperatura como la compactación del suelo influenciaron el brote. A la temperatura de 12.8° C y densidad sel suelo de 1.20, el mrote de plantas se retrasó hasta 2 semanas en comparación con el brote a la temperatura de 21.1 ° C y densidad de suelo de 1.00. Después del brote la tasa de elongation de las plantas retrasadas se aceleró de tal manera que no se pudo observar diferencia alguna en la altura de las plantas al terminar el experimento.El abono de nitrógeno promovió el crecimiento de las matas y de las raices pero tendió a reducir el número de tubérculos por planta y también su peso, especialmente cuando la proportión de nitrógeno era muy alta. También, cuando las temperaturas eran más bajas y la densidad del suelo era más alta, el nitrógeno tendia a retardar el brote de las plantas.


American Journal of Potato Research | 1986

Effect of transplant container volume and growing season length on field performance of micropropagated potatoes

Michael K. Thornton; Kenneth W. Knutson

Micropropagation is a tissue culture technique adapted for the rapid multiplication of disease-free seed stocks. Procedures for propagating potatoes in the laboratory and acclimating plantlets in the greenhouse are available, but information on cultural practices for maximizing tuber yield of plantlets when transplanted to the field is lacking. Centennial Russet and Russet Burbank plantlets were transferred from culture jars to three sizes of transplant containers for establishment under greenhouse conditions before transplanting to the field. Length of field growing season was varied by using two transplant dates and two vine kill dates. Survival of field transplanted plantlets was above 95 percent in both 1983 and 1984. Cultural practices significantly affected the tuber yield of plantlets of both cultivars. Total yield and yield of tubers larger than 35 mm in diameter increased with increasing transplant container volume. Transplant container volume had no effect on the yield of tubers less than 35 mm in diameter. Highest total yields and tuber production per plantlet for both Centennial Russet and Russet Burbank were obtained from the longest growing season (early transplant date with late vine kill). Yield of Russet Burbank plantlets increased more in response to a longer growing season than did Centennial Russet.ResumenLa micropropagación es una técnica de cultivo de tejidos adaptada para la multiplicación rápida de existencias de semillas libres de enfermedades. Actualmente se dispone de procedimientos para propagar papas en el laboratorio y para aclimatación de las plántulas en el invernadero, pero no existe información sobre prácticas culturales para maximizar el rendimiento en tubérculos de las plántulas, cuando éstas son transplantadas al campo.Plántulas de los cultivares Centennial Russet y Russet Burbank fueron transferidas de potes de cultivo, a tres tamaños de recipientes de transplante, para su establecimiento bajo condiciones de invernadero antes de ser transplantadas al campo. Se varió la longitud de la estación de cultivo en el campo, utilizando dos fechas de transplante y dos fechas para la defoliación o eliminación del follaje. La supervivencia de las plántulas transplantadas al campo, tanto en 1983 como en 1984, fue mayor de 95 por ciento. Las prácticas culturales afectaron significativamente el rendimiento en tubérculos de las plántulas de ambos cultivares.El rendimiento total, y el rendimiento en tubérculos más grandes de 35 mm de diámetro, se incrementó con el mayor volumen del recipiente de transplante. El volumen del recipiente de transplante, no tuvo efecto sobre el rendimiento de tubérculos de menos de 35 mm de diámetro. Los rendimientos totales más altos, así como la producción de tubérculos por plántula, tanto para Centennial Russet como para Russet Burbank, se obtuvieron en la estación más larga de cultivo (fecha temprana de transplante y defoliación tardía). El rendimiento de las plántulas de Russet Burbank, en respuesta a una estación de cultivo más larga, se incrementó más que el rendimiento observado para el cultivar Centennial Russet.


American Journal of Potato Research | 1965

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth and development of russet burbank potatoes grown in southeastern Idaho

Theron G. Sommerfeldt; Kenneth W. Knutson

SummaryField and greenhouse trials supplemented with laboratory analyses were used to study the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth and development of Russet Burbank potatoes in southeastern Idaho.Based on the results of this study, it appears that both nitrogen and phosphorus had direct effects on the growth and development of the potatoes. Both affected the concentration of different elements in the plant tissue (indicating the physiology of the plant had been affected) and tuber size. In the field, reduction in tuber size as a result of nitrogen alone was not evident, but it was evident in the greenhouse. Reduced tuber size as a result of phosphorus was evident in both the field and greenhouse studies. In the greenhouse, excess nitrogen reduced the tuber set; excess phosphorus delayed plant emergence; growth rate, primarily top growth, was increased by both nitrogen and phosphorus.Sumario en españolExperimentos de campo e invernadero y análisis de laboratorio fueron llevados a cabo para es tudiar el efecto del nitrógeno y el fósforo sobre el crecimiento y desarrolo de la papa en el sureste de Idaho.Los resultados demostraron que tanto el nitrógeno como el fósforo tienen efecto firecto sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo de la papa. Ambos elementos afectaron la concentración de diferentes componentes del tejido de la planta y tamaño del tubérculo. El tamaño del tubérculo no fué reducido en los experimentos de campo como resultado del nitrogeno solo, pero fué afectado en los experimentos de invernadero. El tamaño del tubérculo fué reducido con el uso del fosforo en los experimentos de campo e invernadero. En el invernadero el exceso de nitrógeno redujo el número de tubérculos; el exceso de fosforo retrasó la emergencia de la planta; tanto el nitrógeno como el fósforo aceleraron el crecimiento de la planta, especialmente las ramas.


American Journal of Potato Research | 1968

Effects of soil conditions in the field on growth of Russet Burbank potatoes in southeastern Idaho

Theron G. Sommerfeldt; Kenneth W. Knutson

SummaryA field study was conducted to determine the effects of different methods of seedbed preparation and flattening hills and of cultivation practices on soil conditions and subsequent effects on growth and yield of Russet Burbank potatoes.Soil bulk density at the 9- to 12-inch depth was 1.43, 1.52. and 1.50 for single discing, triple discing, and triple discing plus cultipacking, respectively. The moisture content of the surface foot of soil was greater with the single-cultivation regime than with three cultivations. Oxygen content of the soil atmosphere at the 6- and 12-inch depths was greatest where the hills had been flattened with harrows followed by the three-cultivation regime.Plant growth, nutrient uptake, and potato yields were affected by the different tillage regimes. Where the hills were flattened with harrows the total yield was 265 cwt per acre and the yield of U.S. No. 1 potatoes over 10 oz was 27 cwt per acre as compared with 236 and 20 cwt per acre where the hills were flattened with a plank. With the three-cultivation regime the total yield, yield of U.S. No. 1 potatoes over 10 oz, and yield of U.S. No. 1 potatoes under 10 oz was 260, 28, and 108 cwt per acre compared with 241, 19, and 122 cwt per acre with the one-cultivation regime.The various effects of tillage on soil conditions and the subsequent effects on the potato are discussed.ResumenSe condujo un estudio de campo para determinar los efectos de diferentes métodos de preparar el semillero, de aplanar los montones y para averiguar el efecto de las varias de labrar el suelo sobre el suelo mismo, y finalmente sobre el crecimiento y rendimiento de papas Russet Burbank.La densidad del suelo a la profundidad de 9 a 12 pulgadas era 1.43, 1.52, y 1.50 con los tratamientos siguientes: labrado con disco una vez, tres veces, y tres veces seguido por rodillado respectivamente. El contenido en humedad del primer pié de suelo era más alto cuando se empleó una sola labranza más bien que tres. El contenido en oxígeno a las profundidades de 6 y 12 pulgadas fué más alto donde los montones habian sido agradados y triple labranza habia sido aplicada.El crecimiento de plantas, la absorcion de minérales, y el rendimiento de papas fueron influenciados por las tres maneras de labrar. Donde los montones fueron aplanados per la grada el rendimiento total fué de 265 cwt por acre y el rendimiento de papas U.S. No. 1 de más de 10 onzas fué de 27 cwt por acre mientras cuando los montones fueron aplanados con un tablón el rendimiento fué de 236 y 20 cwt por acre. Con la triple labranza, el rendimiento total, el rendimiento de papas U.S. No. 1 de más de 10 onzas, y el rendimiento de U.S. No. 1 de menos de 10 onzas, fué de 260, 28, y 108 cwt por acre en comparación con 241, 19, y 122 cwt por acre con una sola labranza.Se discuten, además, varios efectos de labranza sobre las condiciones del suelo y los efectos subsecuentes sobre las papas.


American Journal of Potato Research | 1982

Pre-harvest chemical applications for control of tuber infection byAlternaria solani

L. K. Lahman; M. D. Harrison; Kenneth W. Knutson

Pre-harvest chemical applications significantly reduced populations of viableAlternaria solani spores on the soil surface in the laboratory and field and the infection of potato tubers in the field. Only formaldehyde consistently reduced spore germination and tuber infection in the laboratory and the field but Difolatan 4F, Difolatan 4F + DMSO (dimethyl-sulfoxide), Manzate D, Manzate D + DMSO and sodium hypochlorite often reduced fungus populations significantly. More work is necessary before pre-harvest chemical applications can be recommended for control of early blight tuber decay due to the variable performance of many chemicals and the relatively high cost and corrosiveness of formaldehyde, the most effective chemical in the study.ResumenAplicaciones químicas antes de la cosecha redujeron significativamente las poblaciones de esporas viables de Alternaria solani en la superficie del suelo en laboratorio y campo y también la infección de los tubérculos de papa en el campo. Sólo el formaldehido redujo la germinación de las esporas consistentemente y la infección de los tubérculos en laboratorio y campo. Difolatan 4F, Difolatan 4F + DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide), Manzate D, Manzate D + DMSO e hypoclorito de sodio, redujeron a menudo la población del hongo significativamente. Más trabajo es necesario antes de que la aplicación quimica pre-cosecha pueda ser recomendada para controlar la pudrición de los tubérculos por tizón tardio debido a la performance variable de varios quimicos y el costo relativamente alto y corrosividad del formaldehido, el quimico más efectivo en este estudio.


American Journal of Potato Research | 1976

Effects of soil fumigation with Telone-C on the field inoculum potential of tobacco rattle virus and potato yields

Clark H. Livingston; R. Lambert; M. Kaufmann; Kenneth W. Knutson

Two Julesburg sandy-loam fields in Weld County, Colorado, with a history of Corky Ringspot (CRS) caused by tobacco rattle virus (TRV) were injected with Telone-C as fall or spring applications and planted to potatoes. Deep soil sample cores taken from the experimental fields were planted toNicotiana tabacum L. var. Samsun serving as TRV bait and indicator plants. Systemic infection of bait plants and assay of the bait plant roots for TRV indicate that potential TRV inoculum was present which escaped the effects of fumigation treatments. TRV was found to be widely but erratically distributed throughout the experimental fields. The low incidence of CRS in tubers harvested from the treated fields suggests that fumigation may have short term benefits but potential inoculum exists which could lead to infection after the effects of fumigation have dissipated. The total yield of tubers was increased in the two cultivars planted (Norgold and Norland) in the fumigated fields receiving spring or fall applications. The yield of U.S. No 1 Grade potatoes in the Norland cultivar was increased significantly by both fall and spring fumigation. These yield increases were directly related to the reduced incidence ofVerticillium wilt observed in the fumigated soils and reported as a personal communication from unpublished data.


American Journal of Potato Research | 1968

Oromonte, a chipping potato for Colorado

J. A. Twomey; R. V. Akeley; Kenneth W. Knutson; M. Workman

SummaryOromonte is a chipping potato which has produced very well in Colorado. It has consistently exceeded Kennebec in specific gravity and chip color. It is resistant to potato virus Y and to internal discoloration caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. tuberosi. It is more resistant to storage diseases and mechanical harvesting injury than Kennebec.ResumenOromonte es una papa para freir que ha dado una buena cosecha en Colorado. Esta papa ha excedido consistentemente la papa Kennebec en gravedad especifíca y en el color de la papa frita. Es resistente al virus Y de la papa y también a la decoloración interna causada por Fusarium oxysporum f. tuberosi. Es más resistente que la Kennebec a las enfemedades del almacenamiento y al daño causado por la maquinaria de cosecha.


American Journal of Potato Research | 1988

Implications of new technologies for seed potato certification programs and seed growers

Kenneth W. Knutson


American Journal of Potato Research | 1976

Sources of financial support for seed potato certification programs and official foundation seed potato farms in the United States and Canada

E. D. Jones; Kenneth W. Knutson


Soil Science Society of America Journal | 1965

A Semimicro Technique for Studying the Oxygen Content of Gases 1

Theron G. Sommerfeldt; Kenneth W. Knutson

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J. A. Twomey

Colorado State University

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Jerry N. Cash

Michigan State University

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L. K. Lahman

Colorado State University

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M. D. Harrison

Colorado State University

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M. Workman

Colorado State University

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R. Lambert

University of Louisville

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R. V. Akeley

United States Department of Agriculture

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