Ketut Artawa

Valency Patterns in Indonesian

Every language has a verb category. Verbs can be classified in a number of different ways. For this study, the classification used is based on the number of the elements needed by a certain verb in order to build a grammatical sentence. The element which is required by a verb is termed valency. The verbs Indonesian are generally classified into: affixless and affixed verbs. For the affixed verbs, the base form can be: adjectives, nouns, ‘precategorials’ or even verbs. The focus of this study is to discuss valency patterns and their alternations in Indonesian using a list of 70 meanings proposed by Malchukov and Comrie (2010). The result of the study showed that the attachment of the suffix –i and –kan to the base form mostly produced locative-causative pattern alternations. The result of this study is relevant not only to the understanding of the theoretical aspects of the valency alternation, but it is also useful as the theoretical basis for compiling valency dictionary for Indonesian.

Aplicative Construction in Lamalera Dialect of Lamaholot Language

The applicative construction is limited as (i) the creation of a new argument of inner objects and (ii) the advancement of a peripheral constituent (locative, instrumental, benefactive, and source) occupying the position of the core argument (object). Thus, applicative constructs include the creation of new objects and the advancement of peripheral arguments occupying the core argument. Each language has a strategy in getting around the applicative construction. Agglutinative languages for example, deal with morphological applicative construction. Unlike Lamalera dialect of Lamaholot language(LDLL) which is not an agglutinative language. Lamalera dialect of Lamaholot language has a morphophonogical strategy such as sound alternation or internal modification and syntactic strategy of word order. Both LDLL applicative construction strategies will be presented in this article.