Khanita Kamwilaisak

Acid Hydrolysis from Corn Stover for Reducing Sugar

The aim of this study is to extract the reducing sugar by acid hydrolysis of corn stover. The corn stover was hydrolyzed by using H2SO4 at different concentrations (0-6%, v/v),reaction times (15-180 min) at temperature 122 C with ratio of 1 g of corn stover to 20 ml of H2SO4 solution. The samples were analyzed the reducing sugar by HPLC. The optimal conditions of acid hydrolysis was at 1% H2SO4 (v/v), 122 C for 60 min, which produced 24.96 g/L of reducing sugar. The hydrolysed sample composed of 12.4 g/L of xylose, 2.9 g/l of glucose and 3.2 g/L of arabinose. Also, the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was analyzed the morphology of untreated and treated corn stover which showed the breakdown fibril of treated sample.

The Acid Hydrolysis of Sugarcane Leaves as a Biofeedstook for Bioethanol Production

The sugarcane is the one of economic agricultural product in Thailand. The sugarcane leaf is a residual waste from post-harvest process. Conversion of the residual waste to a value material is quite a challenge. The aim of this research work is to extract sugar from the sugarcane leaf by the acid hydrolysis reaction. The hydrolysis conditions were varied in terms of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) concentration (04%, v/v), reaction time (15180 minutes), amount of sugar cane leaves (50-125g/l) with constant incubation temperature at 122 °C. The identification and quantitation analysis of hydrolysed sample was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The result was shown the best hydrolysis condition was at 1% v/v of H2SO4, reaction time 60 min and the sugarcane leaves 100 g / L with ca 17 g/L of xylose, ca 3 g/L of glucose and ca 2 g/L of arabinose. Also, the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was analysed the morphology of untreated and treated sugarcane leaf which the surface of treated sample showed the broken fibril.

The Fixed Bed Reaction of Residual Natural Rubber for Oil Production by Pyrolysis Process

The aim of this study is to use pyrolysis reaction to produce oil product as a fuel or chemical feedstock. The fixed bed reactor was used as a pyrolysis system. The pyrolysis reaction of residual para rubber was operated in the absence of catalyse. The operating conditions such as particle size (0.5 and 1.0 cm3) and pyrolysis temperature (500, 550 and 600 OC) were studied under N2 conditions and retention time 90 min. The result shows the para rubber size 1.0 cm3 can be produced liquid phase more than of para rubber size of 0.5 cm3. The optimised condition with the highest oil yield was at 550OC with rubber size of 1.0 cm3. The percentage of the product was 60% of liquid, 35% of gas and 5% of solid (char). Furthermore, the FTIR result can be presented the supported evidence that the transformation of aliphatic contents to be aromatic contents was increased with increased temperature. Also, GCMS analysis was used for the identification and quantification of the product. It was found 5 major products that can be used as a chemical feedstock. The maximum amount of component was 2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester (Isooctyl phthalate) with 22.08%. This is a plasticizer with higher cost than fuel.

Acid Hydrolysis Sorghum Straw for Bioethanol Fermentation of Saccharomycescerevisiae TISTR 5596

In previous work, Saccharomycescerevisiae TISTR 5596 could produce bioethanol in the strength condition. Thus, this work was examined to understand effect of sulfuric acid on hydrolysis of synthetic cellulose and sorghum straw. The ethanol fermentation of S.cerevisiae TISTR 5596 of the products from the hydrolysis was also determined. The results showed the maximum amount of sugar from hydrolysis reaction of synthetic cellulose in 5%v/v sulfuric acid which are analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography which has yield 28 g/L and 25.46 g/L for the maximum amount of sugar form hydrolysis of sorghum straw in 3%v/v sulfuric acid. Furthermore, the ethanol fermentation at 30°C for 25 hrs with hydrolysis of the synthetic cellulose and sorghum straw was determined by gas chromatography. S.cerevisiae TISTR 5596 can produce 9.021 g/L of ethanol or 32.89% of initial sugar concentration at 28 g/L for fermented at 30°C for 25 hrs. and 1.8 g/L or 22.52% of initial sugar concentration at 25.46 g/L at 30°C for 40 hrs, for extracted samples from synthetic cellulose and sorghum straw, respectively.