Khrystyna Zhurakivska

Post-orthodontic position of lower incisors and gingival recession: A retrospective study

Background To evaluate if changes in lower incisor position following orthodontic treatment are correlated with development of gingival recessions. Material and Methods Pre- and post-treatment digital models and lateral cephalograms of 22 subjects were collected retrospectively. The clinical crown length, gingival scallop, and papilla height of the central lower incisor were measured along with the cephalometric incisor’s inclination, the distance from the mandibular plane, and the distance between the Infradentale and Menton points. Statistical correlations between gingival and cephalometric variables were studied. In addition, two groups were defined based on the post-treatment incisor inclination value (‘normal’ or ‘proclined’) and compared. Results The incisor inclination was correlated with the change in gingival scallop and papilla height. Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference in clinical crown height and gingival scallop between the ‘normal’ group and the ‘proclined’ group. Conclusions Changes in lower incisor position, especially an excessive proclination, after orthodontic treatment may play a role in the development of gingival recession. Key words:Orthodontic treatment, Incisor inclination, IMPA, Gingival recession, Alveolar bone.

Comparison of Two Routes of Administration of Dexamethasone to Reduce the Postoperative Sequelae After Third Molar Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the clinical efficacy of two routes of dexamethasone administration in reducing the postoperative sequelae after third molar extraction. Electronic databases (PUBMED, SCOPUS and EBSCO library) were screened in order to find both randomized and non-randomized clinical trials that directly compare the submucosal intraoral or the intramuscular extraoral administration of dexamethasone. No restriction about year of publication was imposed. About 340 titles and abstracts were screened independently by two authors. Of these [340 titles], only 4 randomized clinical trials met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. No statistical differences in postoperative pain, swelling and trismus were recorded comparing the intraoral submucosal and the extraoral intramuscular injection of dexamethasone in an extra-oral site.

Orthopedic‐orthodontic treatment of the patient with Turner's syndrome: Review of the literature and case report

AIMS Turner syndrome (TS) patients have phenotypical variable presentations and they are more susceptible to endocrine, auto-immune, and structural anomalies. Typical clinical characteristics are short stature and premature ovarian insufficiency. Patients with TS show a typical cranial-facial morphology with bi-maxillary bi-retrusion, high-arched palate, micrognathia, and class II malocclusion. Aim of our study is to present the orthopedic-orthodontic treatment approach of a young TS patient and data of stability after 7 years. METHODS AND RESULTS A careful analysis of anamnestic data was performed. After extraoral and intraoral examination, cephalometric measurements and examination of models, appropriate orthopedic-orthodontic appliances were positioned in order to correct skeletal alterations due to primary pathology as much as possible. Consistent improvements were observed after the treatment. Clinical and radiographic follow-up at 7 years showed a net improvement of head posture and stability of the occlusal results. CONCLUSIONS An early diagnosis and appropriate orthopedic-orthodontic intervention allow to simplify the management of TS patients and provide satisfactory and stable results.

Primary hyperoxaluria: Orthodontic management in a pediatric patient: A case report

AIMS The aim of this study is to report the case of the orthodontic treatment in a patient affected by primary hyperoxaluria type 1 and subjected to a combinate liver-kidney transplant. METHODS AND RESULTS The 9-year patient was admitted to our department for the presence of facial dysmorphism. The patient was affected by primary hyperoxaluria type 1 and has undergone a combined liver-kidney transplantation. At the time of the visit, he was in treatment with immunosuppressive drugs and received a corticosteroid and an antibiotic therapy monthly. An intraoral and extraoral examination, as well as radiographic and model analysis, was performed in order to define an accurate diagnosis and a proper rehabilitation planning. An orthopedic-orthodontic treatment was performed and satisfactory final results obtained. A laser gingivectomy was also realized for eliminate the gengival hyperplasia probably induced by cyclosporine assumption. Both skeletal and dental relationships were improved by the treatment, reaching a good dental arches alignment. CONCLUSION An early diagnosis, as well as a multidisciplinary approach, is very important in patients with rare diseases. An appropriate treatment allowed us to achieve acceptable results and improve the patient quality of life.

Effects of crown movement on periodontal biotype: a digital analysis

Orthodontic treatment has important correlations with periodontal changes. Various mechanical and biological factors are involved in determining such changes, but anatomical and morphological variables, generally addressed as periodontal biotype, play a key role. In measurement of such modifications, digital and non-contact reverse engineering technologies may be of tremendous advantage. The aim of this study is to retrospectively evaluate, in a series of digitized dental casts, some of the parameters addressing periodontal biotype and correlate them to extent and direction of tooth movement. Pre- (T0) and post-treatment (T1) dental casts of 22 patients were scanned by 3Shape TRIOS 3® scanner. A number of variables (crown ratio, gingival margin position, gingival contour, papillae position, gingival scallop) were investigated and their variations calculated after digital measurements on single casts at T0 and T1, or after direct measurement (T1 vs T0) on the superimposition and alignment of digital models. Univariate and multivariate statistics were then performed. No significant correlation was detected between the sagittal or vertical movement of dental crown and displacement of the gingival margin. On the other hand, vestibular gingival contour resulted significantly altered by vestibular and extrusion movements. Further studies are needed to ascertain the differential effect of bone and soft tissue on such modifications. The relationship between orthodontic treatment and the periodontium overcomes the consideration of gingival recession and includes all the concepts of periodontal biotype with its characteristics. Digital technologies and non-contact reverse engineering techniques now available have the potential to allow a more precise definition of such a relationship.

The Effects of Adjuvant Fermented Wheat Germ Extract on Cancer Cell Lines: A Systematic Review

Fermented wheat germ extract (FWGE; trade name AVEMAR) is a natural compound derived from industrial fermentation of wheat germ. Its potential anticancer properties has emerged from recent studies. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the data available in the scientific literature concerning the in vitro activity of FWGE on malignant cells. A systematic review of English articles in electronic databases has been performed. The primary outcomes of the review regarded types of cancer cell lines subjected to the investigation and the main results concerning cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis observed within the studies. Sixteen articles were included in the final qualitative analysis. Various types of cancer cells treated with FWGE have been analyzed, showing mainly cytotoxic effects, alteration of the cell cycle, antiproliferative effects, and induction of apoptosis. FWGE can be a promising drug component in cancer treatment; however, further in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary to prove its effectiveness and safety in humans.

Increase the glyde path diameter improves the centering ability of F6 Skytaper

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of glide path preparation, performed with PathGlider 0.15 (Komet Brasseler GmbH & Co., Lemgo, Germany) and PathGlider 0.20 (Komet Brasseler GmbH & Co., Lemgo, Germany), on the centering ability of 25-size F6 Skytaper in J-shape simulated root canals, compared with no glide path executed. Materials and Methods: Sixty J-shaped ISO 15 0.02 taper endo training blocks (Dentsply Maillefer) were assigned to three groups (n = 20 for each group). Photographic images were taken on endoblocks before and after shaping procedures. After superimposition, the software AutoCAD 2013 (Autodesk Inc., San Rafael, USA) was used for record the centering and shaping ability at 9 different levels from the apex. Results: Shaping procedures including the using of PathGlider 0.20 resulted in a lower amount of resin removed and in a clear improvement of centering ability of the Skytaper 0.25 at almost all reference point levels. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it could be concluded that the glide path procedure, performed with the PathGlider 0.20 before the shaping with 25-size F6 Skytaper, might determine a lower amount of resin removed and a better centering ability compared with the groups without glide path procedure and those treated with PathGlider 0.15.