Ki-Sik Kong

A PMIPv6-Based Auxiliary Mobility Management Considering Traffic Locality

Proxy mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6), which is a centralized mobility management protocol, is dependent on a local mobility anchor (LMA) to process all the data and control traffics. Therefore, it has serious problems such as the tremendous traffic concentration into the core network and the triangle routing that causes inefficient and non-optimized routing path. In this paper, therefore, in order to alleviate these drawbacks, we propose a PMIPv6-based auxiliary distributed mobility management scheme considering each mobile node (MN)’s traffic locality. Performance evaluation results indicate that in most cases, except for when the MN’s mobility rate is relatively very higher than the traffic rate, the proposed scheme shows better performance result than that of PMIPv6. Besides, it is demonstrated that the proposed scheme can be an effective alternative that can distribute significant loads on the LMA of the core networks to the MAGs of the edge networks.

An Enhanced Signal-Driven PMIPv6 for Distributed Mobility Control

The existing IP mobility management protocols such as mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) and proxy mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) are based on a centralized mobility entity, which processes all control and data traffic together. However, these centralized mobility management protocols have some limitations such as traffic concentration into the core network and serious service degradation by a single point of failure, etc. Therefore, in this paper, in order to overcome these limitations, we propose an enhanced signal-driven PMIPv6 for distributed mobility control. Numerical results indicate that the proposed scheme has apparent potentials to alleviate serious limitations of a related distributed mobility management protocol (i.e., signal-driven PMIPv6 (S-PMIP)) as well as PMIPv6, while reducing the total mobility management cost.

TTL-Based UDP Hole Punching Scheme in SIP Network

In this paper, we propose the low Time-To-Live (TTL)-based UDP hole punching scheme to reduce the load on the SIP registrar for Network Address Translator (NAT) traversal. For this purpose, the low TTL value is determined by executing ‘traceroute’ for the server reflexive IP address obtained through the SIP registration. In the proposed scheme, since the UDP hole punching request with low TTL value will never reach the registrar, the load on the registrar can be significantly alleviated. We analyze the proposed scheme using the Markov chain model. Numerical results indicate that the proposed scheme can significantly alleviate the load on the registrar, compared to the existing SIP scheme.

P2P-Based Home Monitoring System Architecture Using a Vacuum Robot with an IP Camera

We propose Peer-to-Peer-based (P2P-based) home monitoring system architecture to exploit a vacuum robot with an IP camera, a movable IP camera, without requiring a number of cameras for the whole monitoring at home. The key implementation issues for the proposed home monitoring system are (1) the easy configuration of a vacuum robot to connect to Wi-Fi networks, (2) the session management between a vacuum robot and a home monitoring server, and (3) the support of the Network Address Translator (NAT) traversal between a vacuum robot and a user terminal. In order to solve these issues, we use and extend the Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS), the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), and the UDP hole punching. For easy configuration of a vacuum robot, we also propose the GENERATE method which is an extension to the SIP that allows for the generation of a SIP URI. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed system, we have implemented the prototype and conducted the performance test using the authoritative call generator.

Exploiting Mobility/Traffic Characteristics for PMIPv6-Based Distributed Mobility Management

The centralized mobility management protocols such as mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) and proxy mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) may result in significant amount of data and control traffic being pushed into the central mobility anchor of core network. Moreover, the use of such a central mobility anchor may be vulnerable to a single point of failure and degrade overall system performance. Therefore, in order to overcome the limitations of centralized IPv6 mobility management protocols, signal-driven PMIPv6 (S-PMIP) [3] was proposed. However, it cannot solve the problems of the potential bottleneck at local mobility anchor (LMA) and long handover delay. Therefore, FS-PMIP, which is our previous work in [4], was proposed to alleviate the problems of S-PMIP. By exploiting a user’s movement locality, FS-PMIP effectively reduces both the access to LMA and the handover latency. However, even if FS-PMIP is an efficient PMIPv6-based distributed mobility management scheme, it still requires the access to LMA whenever the correspondent node (CN) sends the data packets to the mobile node (MN). Therefore, in this paper, we propose an Enhanced FS-PMIP (EFS-PMIP) to enhance FS-PMIP by exploiting a user’s traffic locality as well as movement locality, which adopt both the pointer-forwarding concept and the working set concept in communications. The proposed EFS-PMIP is expected to have apparent potential to effectively reduce the access to LMA and distribute the binding and routing functionalities at mobile access gateways (MAGs).

On Location Management Techniques for Future Wireless Mobile Networks: Fundamental Conceptual Perspective

Location management is one of the most challenging issues in future wireless mobile networks. In this paper, from the viewpoint of fundamental principles underlying location management schemes regardless of network types, we review and analyze a variety of existing location management schemes which have been reported for wireless cellular networks and Mobile IP-based networks, and derive common key conceptual ideas, their main design goals and common performance considerations on them, which can provide a useful guidance for understanding location management schemes regardless of network types. The goal of this paper is not to propose a new location management scheme, but to highlight various key design features involved in the existing location management schemes and enhance an insight into the common underlying principles and techniques for designing more efficient and optimized location management scheme in future wireless mobile networks.

EPMIP: enhanced paging extensions for mobile IP

IP paging makes it possible to support heterogeneous wireless access technologies, providing energy-saving and reduced signaling overhead over IP-based mobile networks. However, IP paging may rather cause adverse effects under active communication environments because of significant paging signaling overhead and frequent paging delay. In this paper, a lightweight, but cost-effective IP paging scheme, which enables a mobile node to perform selective registration and paging based on its profile information, is proposed and analyzed. Numerical results indicate that the proposed scheme has apparent potential to mitigate considerable paging signaling overhead and frequent paging delay in IP-based mobile networks.