Ki-Sun Choi

Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Recycled Aggregate Concrete Beams

Building Structure & Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Construction Technology, Goyang 411-712, KoreaABSTRACT These days the amount of demolished concrete waste has been increasing due to reconstruction and redevelopmentof aged buildings. So the use of recycled aggregates is recommended to solve environmental problems. Some investigations havebeen carried out to study the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams with recycled aggregates. But these have some lim-itation due to the use of low quality recycled aggregates and small-scale specimens in the laboratory. The purpose of this exper-imental study is to evaluate the flexural behavior of simply supported RC beams subjected to four-point monotonic loading andmade with recycled aggregates. Seven full-scale RC beams were manufactured with different replacement level of recycled aggre-gates. The main parameters of the study are combination of aggregates. From the test results, the flexural behavior of the beamis described in terms of crack patterns and failure modes. And the flexural strength of RC beam with different types of recycledcoarse aggregates and recycled fine aggregates is compared with the provision of KCI code.Keywords: recycled coarse aggregate, recycled fine aggregate, strength properties, replacement level, construction and demolition waste

An Experimental Study to Prevent Debonding Failure of RC Beams Strengthened with GFRP Sheets

This study investigates the failure mechanism of RC beams strengthened with GFRP (glass fiber reinforced polymer) sheets. After analyzing failure mechanisms, the various methods to prevent the debonding failures, such as increasing bonded length of GFRP sheets, U-shape wrappings and epoxy shear keys are examined. The bonded length of GFRP sheets are calculated based on the assumed bond strengths of epoxy resin. The U-shape wrappings are either adopted at the end or center of the CFRP sheets bonded to the beam soft. The epoxy shear keys are embedded to the beam soft to provide sufficient bond strength. The end U-wrappings and the center U-wrappings are conventional, while epoxy shear keys are new details developed in this study. A total six half-scale RC beams have been constructed and tested to investigate the effectiveness of each methods to prevent debonding failure of GFRP sheets. From the experimental results, it was found that increasing bonded length or end U-wrappings do not prevent debonding failure. On the other hand, the beams with center U-wrappings and shear keys reached an ultimate state with their sufficient performance. The center U-wrappings tended to control debonding of the longitudinal GFRP sheets because the growth of the longitudinal cracks along the edges of the composites was delayed. In the case of shear keys, it was sufficient to prevent debonding and the beam was failed by GFRP sheets rupture.

Effect of Multi-Layer Carbon Fiber Sheet Used for Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Beams

The purpose of this study is to investigate the flexural strengthening effects of CF(Carbon Fiber) sheet for the full-scale RC beams with multi-layer CF sheets. The partial strength reduction factors of CF sheets are suggested from the full-scale RC beams tests strengthened with multi-layer CF sheets up to six layers as well as material tests. From the material tensile tests, it was observed that the average tensile strengths of CF sheets per layer are decreased as the number of CF sheets is increased. Also the steep strength reductions of CF sheets in material test results at rupture are observed compared with the structural tests results for the full-scale RC beams strengthened with multi-layer CF sheets. Finally, the partial strength reduction factors far CF sheets up to six layers are suggested considering the effects of multi-layer and unit weight of CF sheets.

Effect of Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) Replacement Level on the Bond Behaviour between RCA Concrete and Deformed Rebars

In this study, mixed recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) was produced by mixing RCA from waste concrete in order to evaluate a new method of RCA production. Bond strength between reinforcing bars and RCA concrete was qualitatively evaluated as a part of continuous studies to establish design code of reinforced concrete structural members using recycled aggregate. For practical application, specimens were manufactured with the ready mix RCA concrete. Parameters investigated include: concrete compressive strength (i.e 21, 27 and 40 MPa), replacement levels (i.e 0, 30, 60 and 100%), bar position (i.e vertical and horizontal) and bar location (75 and 225 mm). For the pull-out test, each specimen was in the form of a cube, with each side of 150 mm in length and a deformed bar, 16 mm in diameter, was embedded in the center of each specimen. From the test results, the most of HT type specimen with compressive strength of 21 and 27 MPa showed lower bond strength than the ones provided in CEB-FIP and considered in reinforcement location factor (

Long-Term Behavior of CFRP Strips under Sustained Loads

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Research on the Non-linear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Walls Considering Different Macroscopic Models

Experimental study was performed to evaluate the long-term behavior of CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced polymer) strips under sustained loads including prestressing force in strengthening RC members with post-tensioned CFRP strips. Two types of CFRP strip such as unidirectional CFRP strip and hybrid CFRP strip which is composed of carbon fiber and steel plate were considered. Also two types of loading scheme were included in this study. Direct sustained loading test had been carried out to estimate the creep deformation and relaxation of CFRP strips including slip deformation at both mechanical anchorages for over 700 days. Also, flexural sustained loading test had been conducted to estimate the initial prestress losses on clamping the CFRP strips at jacking anchorages for over 90 days. From the sustained loading tests, it was observed that stress losses of unidirectional CFRP strips due to the creep deformation and relaxation of material itself and slip deformation at mechanical anchorage were ignor- able. On the other hand, significant stress losses caused by the yielding of steel embedded in CFRP strips were found in case of hybrid CFRP strips due to the initial jacking force over steel yielding stress. Also, initial prestress losses during setting of CFRP strips on mechanical anchorage were about 10% of intial jacking force, which must be considered in the design.

Appraisal Study on Tensile Test Method of Mechanical Properties of FRP Composite Used in Strengthening RC Members

In this paper, non-linear analysis was performed for Reinforced Concrete (RC) walls using different macroscopic models subjected to cyclic loading, and the analytical results were compared with previous experimental studies of RC walls. ASCE41-06 (American Society of Civil Engineers) specifies that the hysteresis behaviors of RC walls are different due to the aspect ratio of the walls. For a comparison between analytical and experimental results, a slender wall with an aspect ratio exceeding 3.0 and a squat wall with an aspect ratio of 1.0 were selected among previous research works. For the non-linear analysis, each test specimen was modeled using two different macroscopic methods: the first representing the flexural behavior of the RC wall, and the second considering the diagonal shear in the web of the wall. Through nonlinear analysis of the considered RC walls, the analytical difference of a slender wall was negligible due to the different macroscopic modeling methods. However, the squat wall was significantly affected by the considered components of the modeling method. For an accurate performance evaluation of the RC building with squat walls, it would be reasonable to use a macroscopic model considering diagonal shear.