Kimihiro Nishio

Target tracking system using analog circuit for motion detection

A simple analog circuit for motion detection was previously proposed based on the biological vision system. In this study, simple analog circuits and system for tracking an object (target) was proposed and fabricated by applying the previous proposed motion detection circuits to the first stage. The circuit for tracking the target was fabricated on the printed board by using discrete metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors. The circuit could output the voltage for controlling the motor utilized to the target tracking system. The developed system could track the target and capture the target on the center of the input part. The realization of the compact visual sensor for the robotics and monitoring system can be expected by applying the proposed circuits and system.

Analog Motion Detection Circuits Using Simple Edge Detection Circuits Based on the Vertebrate Retina

Abstract We proposed in this research novel analog motion detection circuits using previous proposed edge detection circuits based on the vertebrate retina, which is characterized by the wide dynamic range, low power consumption and compact structure. The structure of the proposed motion detection circuit becomes compact, which is designed mainly using 6 n-channel metal oxide semiconductor (nMOS) transistors and 2 capacitors. The simulation results with the simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) showed that the proposed circuit can generate the motion signal. By using this circuit, we can expect to realize the visual sensor in one chip, which is characterized by the high resolution, wide dynamic range and low power consumption.

Simple analog-digital circuit for detection of approaching object based on visual systems of pigeon and locust

We proposed in this study the circuit and network for detecting the approaching object based on the visual systems of the pigeon and the locust. The proposed circuit and network became simple structure. The circuit and network were evaluated by the simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE). The circuit based on the visual system of the pigeon output the signal which is proportional to the time to collision. The circuit and network based on the locust vision system generated the signal for avoiding the collision of the object. It was clarified from the simulation results that the proposed simple circuit and network can detect the time to collision, the size and the velocity of the approaching object.

Analog-digital circuits for sound localization based on the biological auditory system

In this study, we propose an analog-digital circuit for sound localization based on the biological auditory system. The proposed circuit is constructed with a delay line and a comparator. The delay line was constructed with the simple analog circuits of the current mode. The NOR circuit was used as the comparator. The current mode delay line was evaluated by a simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE). The test circuit was fabricated by discrete metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors on the breadboard. The result with SPICE and the measured results of the test circuit showed that the time for transmitting a signal on the current mode delay line becomes shorter when the sound of the target is greater. When the sound of the target was small, the time taken to transmit the signal became longer. The proposed circuit for sound localization was evaluated by SPICE. The result with SPICE showed that the circuit can generate a signal to detect the position of the sound of the target. We can realize a new target-tracking system by applying this novel circuit based on the biological auditory system to a previously proposed tracking system based on the biological vision system.

Sound localization system by simple analog---digital circuits based on the biological auditory system

We proposed in this study the simple system for detecting the sound localization based on the biological auditory system. The proposed system is constructed with the simple complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) analog–digital circuit based on the biological auditory system and two microphones. The proposed circuit consists of the delay lines and the comparators. The structure of the proposed circuit is simple. The test circuit and system were developed. The test circuit was fabricated with discrete metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors on the breadboard. The experimental results of the test system showed that the proposed circuit can generate the output signal for detecting the position of the sound of the target. We can realize a new target tracking system by applying the proposed system in this research.

Simple motion detection circuits and system for mobile robot based on biological vision system

We proposed in this study simple motion detection circuit and system based on the biological vision system. The system is constructed with the hardware (circuits) and software (microcomputer). The array of the analog-digital circuits based on the retina was utilized as the pre-processor. The system can detect the movement direction by using the microcomputer. The test circuit was fabricated by discrete metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors on the breadboard. The measured results of the fabricated circuit showed that the circuit can output the pulsed voltage (motion signal) when an object moves on the circuit. The test circuit was connected with the microcomputer introduced in the mobile robot. It was clarified that the proposed system can detect the movement direction of the object. In the future, we can be expected to achieve new compact motion detection sensor by using the proposed circuit and system.

Simple analog motion detection circuit using CCD camera based on the biological vision system

An analog motion detection circuit was proposed based on the biological vision system. A charge coupled device (CCD) camera was used as the input to obtain an input image. It is possible to detect the movement of an object as a high-resolution image by using the CCD camera. The proposed unit circuit is constructed with the pre-processing circuit and the motion detection circuit. The unit circuit is constructed with eighteen metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors and one capacitor. The structure of the unit circuit is simple. The test circuit of the unit circuit was fabricated on the breadboard using discrete MOS transistors. The measured results of the test circuit showed that the proposed circuit can generate the signal for detecting the motion direction. The test circuit of the array constructed with twenty unit circuits was fabricated on the printed board. The measured results of the test array showed that the proposed circuit can detect the motion direction of the input image. It is clarified from the measured results that the proposed circuit can use as the new motion sensor.

Analog-Digital Circuit for Motion Detection Based on Vertebrate Retina and Its Application to Mobile Robot

We proposed in this study the simple analog-digital circuits for detecting motion direction based on information processing of the vertebrate retina. The array of the circuits was applied to the mobile robot. The test circuit was fabricated by discrete metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors on the breadboard. The measured results of the test circuit showed that the unit circuit can output the motion signal. The motion sensor for detecting the movement direction constructed with array of the unit circuits was connected with the microcomputer introduced in the mobile robot. It was clarified that the proposed circuits can control the mobile robot.

Simple analog-digital motion detection circuit and its application to target tracking systems

We propose an analog-digital circuit for detecting the movement of an object. The proposed unit circuit is a simple structure since the digital part of the circuit is constructed with only one NOT circuit and one NOR circuit. The measured results on a constructed test circuit showed that the proposed circuit can output the pulsed voltage (motion signal) when an object moves on the circuit. We proposed and constructed the system in this study in order to track target. Since the array in the proposed circuits was introduced at the first stage of the system, the circuit for tracking the target became a simple structure. It was clear from the measured results of the test system that it can track and capture a target in the center of the input section.

Analog circuit for motion detection using a CCD camera based on a biological vision system and its application to mobile robots

We have proposed an analog motion detection circuit based on a biological vision system. A charge coupled device (CCD) camera was used as the input in order to obtain an input image. By using the CCD camera, it is possible to detect the movement of an object as a high-resolution image. Because the unit motion detection circuit is constructed with eight metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors and one capacitor, the structure of the unit circuit is simple. The test circuit was constructed on a circuit board using discrete MOS transistors. The results from the test circuit showed that it can detect the direction of motion. The test circuit was connected to a microcomputer in a mobile robot. It was clear from the results that the motion detection circuit can control a mobile robot.