Kinjiro Iwata

Pathology of spinal cord lesions caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, with special reference to reversibility of the spinal cord lesion.

This report describes pathological findings of the spinal cord damage, with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), with special reference to reversibility of such lesions. Twenty-five autopsy cases associated with OPLL were examined, and the spinal cord damage was pathologically classified into four categories based on degree of destruction (stage 0-3). In stage 0 and stage 1, major pathological changes in the gray matter and the degree of compression on the spinal cord were well correlated to deformity of the anterior horn. In stage 2 and stage 3, neurons were almost completely obliterated and necrosis with cavitation were frequently observed. Destruction of the spinal cord in stage 2 and stage 3 is considered to be irreversible; therefore, surgical treatment is recommended at stage 0 or stage 1.

Automatic ICP Controller: A New Device

Prior to our report of the automatic ICP controller, we would like to emphasize the important premises, that is, the general physical condition especially the respiratory and circulatory systems needed to maintain proper blood gas tension level, the use of corticosteroid for the prevention and reduction of cerebral edema, and the elimination of intracranial masses checked with repeated CT.

MRI findings in spinal cord injury patients who have respiratory distress

The present study is an attempt to determine the prognostic capability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with a spinal cord injury (SCI) in the acute phase. The overall management of SCI patients is a prime consideration, and special precautions are required when the patient has respiratory distress. Twelve patients with a complete cervical injury accompanied by respiratory distress were examined by MRI, and a correlation of the MRI findings and the respiratory problems were investigated. In three cases with severe respiratory distress, the SCI was present above the C4-5 level, and MRI showed a high signal intensity at the upper C3. The severity of the respiratory failure was well correlated with the upper margin of the high signal intensity on T2-weighted images.

Intracerebral Hemorrhage Associated with Migrainous Headache—A Case Report:

A case of intracerebral hemorrhage that developed some time after severe headache is reported in a relatively young woman. It is proposed that hemorrhage may also be included among the causes of so-called migraine-related stroke, which has generally been known to result from infarction.

Holographic Viewing Of Neuroradiograms--An Attempt Of A New Method For 3-Dimensional And Dynamic Observation

Technique of holography is applied for 3-Dimensional and dynamic viewing of serial roentgenograms with special emphansis on total display of serial neuroradiograms and computerized tomograms (CT Scan). Although holographic stereogram is at present no better than conventional stereoscopic technique, our multi-tomogram holography appears to provide 3-Dimensional viewing of CT Scan images which is based upon new principle.

Capsular infarct with occlusion of the internal carotid artery: Report of two cases

Small infarction in the deep brain is well known by the termlacunar infarct. Among these infarcts, the relatively larger ones localized in the internal capsule and adjacent basal ganglia are designated ascapsular infarct orstriatocapsular infarction. Their pathogenesis has been mainly attributed to the occlusive lesion of a single penetrating artery as well as the usual lacunae. The authors recently encountered 2 cases of capsular infarct, in whom complete occlusion of the internal carotid artery was angiographically demonstrated. These cases suggest that the extracranial carotid occlusion may also be implicated in the pathogenesis of capsular infarct. The authors present these 2 cases in this communication with possible explanations for the mechanism by which carotid occlusive disease causes capsular infarct.

Auditory Brain Stem Evoked Response in Increased Intracranial Pressure Produced by Infusion Method in Cats

Aim: In order to clarify the changes in brain stem function associated with an increase of the intracranial pressure (ICP) situation, we have investigated the changes of auditory brain stem evoked response (ABR), increasing and decreasing ICP at various levels. In this experiment, special care was taken not to distort the brain stem structure so as to produce purely elevated ICP.

How Low ICP Should Be Controlled in Acute Stage of Severe Head Injury Cases

To care for acute stage of severe cerebral contusion cases, we have been using our ICP controller, which administers osmotic ICP reducer such as mannitol, whenever ICP rises above the “threshold level” and discontinues when ICP is reduced below the level by servo-mechanism.

Influences of Intracranial Pressure on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow

Cerebral function during acutely increased ICP as well as during the recovery period were evaluated using visual evoked potential (VEP) and regional blood flow (rCBF) monitoring.