Kiyohide Nakauchi

CATT: potential based routing with content caching for ICN

Information Centric Networking (ICN) has shown possibilities to solve several problems of the Internet. At the same time, some problems need to be tackled in order to advance this promising architecture. In this paper we address two of the problems, namely routing and content caching. For the routing, we introduce the Potential Based Routing (PBR) to achieve several design goals such as availability, adaptability, diversity, and robustness. In addition, we examine the performance of a random caching policy which can be a promising candidate for ICN. The integrated system of both PBR and a caching policy is named the Cache Aware Target idenTification (CATT). Simulation results demonstrate that PBR with replications located on less than 1% of total nodes can achieve a near optimal routing performance (close to the shortest path routing) even though a request message is randomly forwarded.

CATT: Cache aware target identification for ICN

The role of the Internet has been changed to a content oriented data sharing network. This new paradigm requires a major transformation of the current Internet architecture, which leads to the birth of the Information Centric Networking (ICN) concept in todays Internet. In this article, we propose an ICN architecture named Cache Aware Target identification (CATT) and introduce the architecture by focusing on two of its major components: routing and content caching. For each component of the CATT, Potential Based Routing (PBR) and topology aware caching policy are proposed respectively, and their cooperated operation is illustrated. Due to the synergy effect of both components, the CATT provides an efficient solution of content dissemination in the ICN environment.

Potential based routing as a secondary best-effort routing for Information Centric Networking (ICN)

One challenge to the retrieval process of ICN is to take advantage of largely distributed copies in in-network caches. This paper proposes Potential Based Routing (PBR) as a secondary best-effort routing mechanism to boost availability of copies in ICN architectures. The control overhead issue of the PBR is evaluated through both theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. In addition, the paper provides the PBR with a recovery mechanism from a failure, which can reduce the control overhead traffic by at least 40% in the simulation environment. Lastly, it is demonstrated how an ICN architecture can benefit from this PBR in terms of cache hit and delay reduction ratios.

Airtime-based resource control in wireless LANs for wireless network virtualization

Wireless network virtualization is needed to build a virtual network over wireless and wired networks, which enables a rapid deployment of novel mobile services or novel mobile network architectures on a shared infrastructure. This paper proposes an airtime-based resource control technique for wireless network virtualization, in which wireless network resources are allocated among competing virtual networks while keeping their programmability. A WLAN system adopting the proposed technique is developed by enhancing an IEEE 802.11e EDCA (Enhanced Distributed Channel Access) MAC (Media Access Control) mechanism. The operation of the resource control technique is demonstrated by a simulation and the performance of airtime usage and throughput are investigated. It is shown that technique can successfully control the wireless network resource allocations with a target ratio even under conditions when the WLAN system suffers interferences.

Bring your own network — Design and implementation of a virtualized WiFi network

This paper proposes virtualized WiFi network that can dynamically create a virtual Base Station (vBS) around the target mobile devices that offers dedicated base station resources for satisfying service-specific QoS and works as a gateway for a corresponding virtual network or slice. Specifically, the paper proposes (1) a technique to dynamically configure a vBS on top of multiple physical WiFi base stations by exploiting the features of OpenFlow, and (2) a technique of network-driven seamless handover between vBSs by forced association and authentication in advance at a target vBS. The paper also describes a detailed design and implementation of a physical WiFi base station which can organize a vBS, named virtualization capable WiFi Base Station (vcBS). As a prototype, two vcBSs and virtualization capable Base Stations Switch (vcBS-SW) to accommodate and centrally control those vcBSs are newly developed. The paper demonstrates a vBS can be dynamically configured on top of two vcBSs and the base station resource can be dynamically allocated to the vBS by assigning additional WiFi interfaces or frequency channels based on a resource allocation policy. The paper also demonstrates the proportion of SIP calls whose setup time exceed the threshold of 600ms can be reduced from 19.7% to 4.6%, when the SIP signaling traffic is served by a SIP-specific vBS. Finally the paper demonstrates that the prototype system can make seamless handover for a target device from common vBS to service-specific vBS in less than 65 ms without any packet drop.

Bring your own network — A network management technique to mitigate the impact of signaling traffic on network resource utilization

This paper proposes the concept of Bring Your Own Network (BYON), which could be a solution to reduce the impact of signaling traffic on the efficiency of mobile network resource utilization. The BYON would be enabled by dynamically migrating and localizing related service resources as well as configuring a service-specific wired and wireless network in a coordinated manner considering the distribution shape of the devices using the specific-service as well as their mobility tendency. The signaling traffic overhead is formulated, and how the introduction of the BYON could reduce the overhead is discussed. It is shown that a modified mobile network based on the BYON, in which the functions of P-CSCF and S/I-CSCF for IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) are migrated onto the location of PGW in Evolved Packet Core (EPC), could reduce the signaling traffic overhead by around 30 %. This paper also details the plan to deploy a large-scale experimental wireless network environment to demonstrate the concept of BYON, i.e., virtual wireless network facility.

An explicit router feedback framework for high bandwidth-delay product networks

Links with high bandwidth ranging from 1 to 10Gbps are increasingly in use worldwide. Congestion control with the positive use of router feedback that explicitly indicates network conditions is a promising way to address the performance issues of congestion control especially in such high-speed networks. In this paper, we propose SIRENS, a scalable, robust, and flexible fine-grained explicit router feedback framework. SIRENS is a per-hop and in-band notification scheme where each router captures a snapshot of the various kinds of downstream link status along the IP-level path from a sender to a receiver and notifies the receiver of the status. The receiver can find out the overall path status by assembling all the cumulative notifications that indicate the status in each of the single hops and by feedback can share this information with the sender. Such per-hop information is needed by end-hosts if we are to flexibly design novel congestion control mechanisms or to significantly improve the performance of conventional forms of congestion control. We show the feasibility of SIRENS in terms of router processing overhead through the development and evaluation of a network-processor-based high-performance network emulator. As a typical application of SIRENS, we show the configuration of TCP Limited Slow-Start. Through the implementation and evaluation, we have made sure that a sender can shift from the slow-start phase to the congestion avoidance phase without any packet drop, and can achieve more effective bandwidth utilization.

WiFi Network Virtualization to Control the Connectivity of a Target Service

This paper proposes a WiFi network virtualization technique to control the connectivity of a target service. The packet-level delay violation ratio can be reduced even in a congested situation by provisioning dedicated base station (BS) resources (a set of dedicated BSs) to the target service and allowing only the corresponding terminals to associate with the BSs. The proposed technique is novel in that BSs are specially configured to use the same MAC address, and thus all the decisions on BS selection and handover are separated from those BSs and terminals and are put together into a centralized controller, while consistent layer-2 data paths in a backhaul network are also cooperatively configured. Simulation results show that the proposed technique can control the delay violation ratio of a target VoIP service and keep the ratio extremely low and comparable to that under IEEE 802.11e. A proof-of-concept prototype including two multi-channel virtualization-capable WiFi BSs and a BS switch is developed using off-the-shelf WiFi modules and a commercial OpenFlow switch. Experimental results show that the terminals can make a handover to a dedicated BS in less than 65 ms without any packet drop and association break, and confirm that the effect of the managed handover is limited even in a VoIP application.

Device Authentication and Registration Method Assisted by a Cellular System for User-Driven Service Creation Architecture

Personal devices and access systems have recently become more diversified, and there is a need for technology that enables users to flexibly and securely create their own private services in a user-driven manner, utilizing the presently available access systems and devices. To this end, the authors have designed User-driven Service Creation Architecture (USCA). It enables users to create a secure private network as a substrate for such services. This network is called a Personal Network (PN) and is an extension of the concept of Personal Area Network (PAN). It is organized by the personal devices related to services that users wish to enjoy or offer. This paper focuses on the security issue of USCA: how to certify the eligibility of users or devices wishing to join a PN. It proposes a device authentication and registration method, with the assistance of cellular systems, IMS/MMD (IP Multimedia System/ MultiMedia Domain). By means of this method, users can bind the correctness of devices to their cellular phone, and can thus create secure PNs only with solicited devices.

Service-Specific Network Virtualization to Reduce Signaling Processing Loads in EPC/IMS

This paper proposes a service-specific network virtualization to address the tremendous increase in the signaling processing load in the evolved packet core and IP multimedia subsystem of a fifth-generation mobile communication system. The proposal creates several virtual networks that are composed of functions specialized for particular services on a mobile communication network and efficiently forwards a sequence of signaling messages to the appropriate virtual networks. Using a prototype system, this paper verifies the overheads costs of the proposal that are incurred during the inspection of packet application headers needed to appropriately forward signaling messages as well as the overheads incurred when replicating state information from one virtual network to another. This paper shows that the proposal can reduce the signaling processing load by ~25% under certain assumptions.